查尔斯一世英文介绍

KingCharlesI,Hislife,CharlesI（1600.11.191649.1.30）FromMarch27,1625toJanuary30,1649hewasexecuted(hewastheonlyonebeingexecutedbythekingofEngland),Scotland,EnglandandIreland.AnotherfeatureofCharlieThisreignisthechaoticreligiousconflict.Subjectsweregenerallyontheirkingbelieftodistrustattitude,ontheonehand,inthethirtyyearsWar,hisfailuresuccesshelpProtestantforces.However,anotherfactis,hemarriedaprincessoftheRomanCatholicChurch.CharlieThiwasalsoacontroversialfigureinthechurch.ManyofhissubjectsthoughtthattheChurchofEnglandandtheCatholicChurchinRomeweretooclose.Sincethen,CharlieThihasalsotriedtoforceScotlandtocarryoutreligiousreform,whichledtotheBishopswar.AllthismakesEnglandandtheScotlandCongressevenmoredeterminedtheirposition,andultimatelycontributedtothedemiseofCharlieThi.,InthelastfewyearsofCharlieslife,hebroketheEnglishCivilWarwithCongress.Atthesametime,hedevelopedaseriesofreligiouspolicies,whichcausedthedissatisfactionoftheChurchofCalvin,representedbythepilgrims.WhenCharlieThiwasdefeatedinthefirstEnglishCivilWar(1645-1642),Congresswantedhimtobeabletoacceptaconstitutionalmonarchy.HoweverCharlesstubborn,healliedwithScotlandandfledtotheIsleofWight,thiskindofbehaviorincensedtheCongress,whichleadstothesecondEnglishCivilWar(1648-1649).CharlieThiwasdefeatedagain,andthenhewasarrested,tried,convicted,andexecutedfortreason.Themonarchyimmediatelyfellapart,EnglandestablishedtheRepublicofChina,knownastheCommonwealthofEngland.ThisperiodisalsoknownastheCromwellvacancyperiod.CharlieThisson,CharlieII,afterthedeathofhisfatherinthethroneuntil1660,aftertherestorationoftheexerciseofpower.,Hismarriageandhischildren,June12,1625washeirtothethroneofCharlieintheCanterburytomarryHenriettaMaria.Twopeopleatotalof6childrenlivetoadulthood:The1630PrinceWelshCharlie(laterKingCharlieS)1631(PrincessMarieofHollandmarriedtheprinceoforange)1633DukeofYork,James(futurekingJamesS)DukeAbani1636Elizabeth1637Anne1640theDukeofGloucester,Henry1644HenriettaAnne(marriedtotheDukeofOrlean),Hisdeath,Themilitaryleadersdecidedthatthekinghadtoacceptthetrialbecauseofthedeterminationofthekingtostartawaragainstthepeople.ThehousewascleanedupwithCharlieandWhiteontheislandofpeaceparty.InJanuary1649,ahighcourtsetup,thekingwasbroughttoWestminsterHall.SinceCharlieIdidnotrecognizethelegitimacyofthecourtfromtheverybeginning,itisnotaseriousdefenseofhisactions.27,135membersofthespecialcourtinthe59signedbythekingCromwellissuedtheorderoftheking.,Hewasconvictedoftreasonagainsthiscountryandhispeople.ThemorningofJanuary30,1649.InfrontoftheWhitehallbanquetinghallerectedtheguillotine,Charlieaworldwithasmile,calmattitude,inordertomaintainthedignityofthekinghimself,calmsaid:deathtomeisnotterrible,thankGod,Ihavebeenready.Herecitedhispoem,thenpoisedtoclaimtobeamartyrforthepeople,hewalkedtotheguillotine,theendofthe49yearoldlife.Funnythingis,healsoaskedtoweartwoshirts,soasnottoshiversothatpeoplethinkheisinfear.Aweeklater,thebodywasburiedinWindsorCastle.,Hisevaluation,Charleshasmanygoodqualities,heiseasy-goingandserious,isacute,loyalhusbandandfather,adevoutChristian.Heisanaestheticperson,willingtopayforgoodthings.Hehadmanyoutstandingartistsandwriterswhogotocourt.Buthealsohasseriousweaknesses,notdiligent,lackofasenseofhumor.Healsobelievesthataslongaswecanwinthewarandregaintheirabsoluteauthority,anymeansarecorrect(similartoMachiavellispointofview).SohetotheeldersofScotlandsent,Briti