英语语法并列结构

并列句与并列结构,1Herearesomesentences.Canyoutellmewhatkindsofsentencestheyare?ADocomeandseeusnextweek.BHeknowsitisinconvenient,buthewantstogoanyway.CHehassaidalot,still,Icantseehispoint.DWehavetoopentheswitchrightawayorthefusewillbeburntoff.,连词是一种虚词，它不能独立担任句子成分而只起连接词与词，短语与短语以及句与句的作用。连词主要可分为两类：并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组和分句。如：and,but,or,nor,so,therefore,yet,however,for,hence,aswellas,bothand,notonlybutalso,eitheror,neithernor,(and)then等等。,使用这些词要注意：所连接的两部分必须对等。也就是说并列连词之前是主语部分,之后也要是主语部分,之前是谓语部分,之后也要是谓语部分。如：(1)Theteachercameinandthestudents.(2)MothergavemorepocketmoneytoDavidthan_.A.LenaB.toLenaC.gavetoLenaD.gaveLenathemoney,B,Theteacherandthestudentscamein.,请判断下列各句是否正确。如有错误改正过来。,AWestudentsnotonlygetupearlybutalsotheteachers.BTheselettersbotharedeliveredandansweredthemverysoon.CFatherwasverybusy.Heneitheratebreakfastnorlunch.,正确答案,ANotonlywestudentsbutalsotheteachersgetupearly.BTheselettersarebothdeliveredandansweredverysoon.CFatherwasverybusy.Heateneitherbreakfastnorlunch.,1)and与or,判断改错：(1)Theysatdownandtalkaboutsomething.(2)Theystartedtodanceandsang.(3)Isawtwomensittingbehindandwhisperthere.(4)Wewilldiewithoutairandwater.,正确答案：,Theysatdownandtalkedaboutsomething.Theystartedtodanceandsing.(3)Isawtwomensittingbehindandwhisperingthere.(4)Wewilldiewithoutairorwater.,2)bothand两者都Sheplays(both)thepianoandtheguitar.3)notonlybut(also),aswellas(不但而且）Compare:(1)Studentsshouldnotonlystudywellbutalsokeepfit.(2)Studentsshouldkeepfitaswellasstudywell.Attention：notonlybutalso关联两个分句时，一个分句因有否定词not而必须倒装。Notonlydoeshelikereadingstories,butalsohecanevenwritesome.,4)neithernor意思为既不也不“谓语动词采用就近原则，与nor后的词保持一致。Neitheryounorheistoblame.,表示选择的并列结构,1)or意思为否则。Imustworkhard,orIllfailintheexam.2)eitheror意思为“或者或者”。注意谓语动词采用就近原则。EitheryouorIamright.,表示转折或对比,1)but表示转折，while表示对比。Somepeoplelovecats,whileothershatethem.典型例题-Wouldyouliketocometodinnertonight?-Idliketo,_Imtoobusy.A.andB.soC.asD.but2)notbut意思为“不是而是”not和but后面的用词要遵循一致原则。Theywerenotthebonesofananimal,but(thebones)ofahumanbeing.,D,表原因关系,1)for判断改错：(错)Forheisill,heisabsenttoday.(对)Heisabsenttoday,forheisill.2)so,thereforeHehurthisleg,sohecouldntplayinthegame.,注意：a.两个并列连词不能连用，但therefore,then,yet.可以和并列连词连用。YoucanwatchTV,andoryoucangotobed.Hehurthisleg,andso/andthereforehecouldntplayinthegame.b.althoughyet，但although不与but连用。判断：Althoughhewasweak,buthetriedhisbesttodothework.Althoughhewasweak,yethetriedhisbesttodothework.,并列结构作主语时谓语用复数,Readingandwritingareveryimportant.注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。Theironandsteelindustryisveryimportanttoourlife.,典型例题TheLeaguesecretaryandmonitor_askedtomakeaspeechatthemeeting.A.isB.wasC.areD.were,B,用并列连词填空：1Tellmethetruth,_Imnotgoingtoleavetheroom.2_doesshesingwell,_shedanceswell.3Marywasanicegirl,_shehadoneshortcoming.4Wehavewongreatvictories,_moreseriousstrugglesarestillaheadofus.5Ittookusalongtimetogetthere,_itwasalongwaytogo.,or,Notonly,butalso,but,yet,So/therefore,6Ihavereadoneofhisnovels_afewofhisplays.7Idontknowhim,_doIknowwherehecomesfrom.8Itrained，_the