动词及动词短语.ppt

动词及动词短语,objective,Tolearntousetheverbphrasescorrectly,【2011江苏卷,28】Areyoustillmadather?Notreally,butIcant_thatherremarkshurtme.AdenyBrefuseCrejectDdecline【考点】考查动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“你还生她的气吗？不见得，但是我不否认她的话伤害了我。”deny否认，否定；refuse，reject，decline都是拒绝的意思。notdeny无法否认。故选A。,【2011湖北卷,27】Theministersaid.“Wearereadyfordiscussionswithanylegalparties,butwellnever_withcriminals.”A.negotiateB.quarrelC.argueD.consult【考点】考查动词的辨析。【解析】negotiate谈判；quarrel吵架，争吵；argue辩论，争辩；consult商议,咨询。句意为“部长说：我们愿意与任何合法党派进行讨论，但我们决不与犯罪分子谈判。”,【2011安徽卷,34】Ifyou_faultsbutyoustillwantthebicycle,asktheshopassistanttoreducetheprice.A.comeacrossB.careaboutC.lookforD.focusupon【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“如果你发现这辆自行车有毛病但还是想要，你就要求这家商店的营业员减价。”comeacross偶然遇到；careabout关心，在乎；lookfor寻找；focusupon专注于。,【2011江西卷35】Youcantpredicteverything.Oftenthingsdont_asyouexpect.A.runoutB.breakoutC.workoutD.putout.【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。【解析】runout耗尽；breakout打破；workout算出，实现；putout扑灭。句意为“你无法预言一切。事情常常不会像你期待的那样实现。,10全国Mymotheropeneddrawerto_theknivesandspoons.A.putawayB.putupC.putonD.puttogether考点考查动词词组辨析。解析putaway放好,收拾起来；putup举起,搭建,张贴,挂起；puton穿上,戴上；puttogether组装,装配,把凑合起来,动词及动词短语考点1、系动词的比较；2、动词的及物与不及物；短暂性与持续性；3、意思相同或相近的动词比较；4、同一动词构成的不同词组的用法比较；5、意思相同或相近的动词短语的比较。,及物动词宾语,不及物动词后不加宾语,状态类,感觉类,变化类,大部分的表示变化类的系动词有进行时态，但所有的系动词都没有被动结构,本身没有词义，用以帮助构成时态、语态、否定句、疑问句、倒装句等结构。不可单独使用，须与动词原形或分词构成复合谓语,HedoesntlikeEnglish.Hedidknowthat.Ihaveboughtacar.Doyoulikecollegelife?NeverwillIcomeback.,无人称和数的变化。表示说话人的情感、态度、语气、命令、推测等。必须和动词原形连用构成谓语(ought除外),1.Theflowers_sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.A.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.tobesmelt,2.Wehadthoughttheexaminationwouldbedifficult,butit_easy.turnedB.cameC.appearedD.proved,3.Icantseemyoldgrandma_aloneinthecountry,soIllhaveher_withmeinthecity.A.leave,stayB.left,stayC.leaving,tostayD.left,tostay,4.Whenwesawthesun_abovethesurfaceofthesea,thestudentsletoutacryofjoy.A.toraiseB.toriseC.raisingD.rising,主动表被动类的动词,1)sell,wash,burn,cook,cut,drive,dress,play,last,open,write,start,run,read,act,draw,clean,wear,lock,shut,dry,eat,drink,burn+adv.(well,poorly,easily,smoothly,badly)Drywood_(容易燃烧）Thecloth_(好洗）.3.Yourcomposition_(读起来很好）exceptforafewspellingmistakes.,（表示主语的特点、性质、状态）,burnseasily,washeswell,readswell,1.-Haveyougotaticketfortheconcert?-No,thetickets_wellandthey_outlastweek.A.sell;weresoldB.sell;soldC.sell;havebeensoldD.aresell;sold2.Itissaidthatthepen_,soIboughtoneyesterday.A.writeswellB.writesgoodC.iswellwrittenD.isgoodwritten,2)need,want,require(要求，需要),deserve(应得，值得),beworth(值得)，后面接doing主动形式表被动意义。Thebookisworthreading.Theseyoungseedlingswillrequire/needlookingafter(=needtobelookedafter)carefully.Yourhairwants/needscutting(needstobecut).,3）有些动词(短语)只有主动形式，常视为主动表被动。takeplace,happen,breakout等。Abigfirehappened/tookplace/brokeoutlastnight.,动词短语的要点,Harryturnedupafterthepartywheneveryonehadleft.哈里在晚会后人们都已离去时才出现。,动词短语是指动词和介词、副词或名词的习惯搭配。需掌握以下要点：1根据动词短语的不同特点，掌握其运用规律。(1)动词副词(不及物),Pleaseturneverylightinthehouseoff.请把房子里的每一盏灯都关掉。,(2)动词副词(及物),如果宾语是人称代词，只能放在动词和副词之间。,Shegavethemaway.她把它们送人了。,(3)动词介词(及物)Imlookingformyglasses.我在找我的眼镜。注意：当它跟宾语时，不能把介词放在宾语后面。动词短语可以放在句子或从句末尾Shesgotmoreworkthanshecancopewith.她的工作多得使她应付不了。,(4)动词副词介词Ilookforwardtoseeingyousoon.我盼望不久就能见到你。注意：“动词介词”、“动词名词副词”、“动词副词介词”，这三种搭配都是及物的，如变成被动语态，不可漏掉介词。Inthiswaybothgrainandvegetablecanbewelllookedafter.(不能漏掉after)这样一来，粮食和蔬菜都能兼顾了。,（5）动词+名词+介词,Youshouldmakefulluseofyourtime.,(6)动词+名词,Greatchangesaretakingplaceinourlife.,1.lay(放),lie(躺)与lie(说谎)：这三个易混动词构成见下表：,易错易混点,Heliedtomethathehadfinishedhishomework.他向我撒谎说完成作业了。Helaidthebabyonthebed.他把婴儿放在床上。,2.rise和raise：rise是不及物动词，其过去式是rose，过去分词是risen，而raise是及物动词，是规则动词。3.hang的用法：hang有两个意思：一为“悬挂”，是不规则动词，过去式、过去分词都是hung；二为“绞刑”，是规则动词，其过去式、过去分词都是hanged。4sit与seat：seat为及物动词时是作“容纳”讲，sit只是表示一动作。seat表示“就座”时要用beseated或用seatoneself。如：Theywereseatedattheirdesks.或Iseatedmyselfinthearmchair.,Theriverhasrisenbyseveralmetres.河水上涨了好几米。Itsdifficultraisingafamilyonasmallincome.依靠微薄的收入是很难养家的。,Hehunghisclothesonthewall.他把衣服挂在墙上。Themurdererwashangedandthedeadwasavenged.杀人犯被绞死了，为死者报了仇。,4可用于“动词sb.ofsth.”的常用动词accuse(控告)，cheat(欺骗)，cure(治愈)，inform(通知)，remind(提醒)，rid(摆脱)，rob(抢劫)，warn(警告)Thisphotoremindsmeofmyschooldays.这张照片使我想起了学校生活。Thepeopleofthetownwerewarnedofthedangerofflooding.该镇居民被警告有洪水危险。,5可用于“动词sb.fordoingsth.”的常用动词blame(指责)，criticise(批评)，forgive(原谅)，excuse(原谅)，pardon(原谅)，punish(惩罚)，scold(指责)，thank(感谢)Forgivemeforsayingso，butIthinkthatsnonsense.原谅我这样说，但是我认为没意义。Idontblameyoufordoingthat.我不责备你做了那事。,1常用短语(1)base.on.(2)careabout(3)cheerup(4)carryout(5)catchupwith(6)datebackto/from(7)holdback(8)knockdown(9)layaside(10)workout,把建立在基础上,在乎，计较，介意,高兴起来，振作起来,实施，完成,赶上,追溯至，始于,阻挡，忍住，保留，隐瞒,撞倒，击倒,把搁置一旁，储存,算出，制定出,2与不同介词(副词)搭配的动词breakbreakawayfrombreakdownbreakintobreakoutbreakinbreakoffbreakthroughbreakup,脱离,坏掉，出故障；垮掉,闯入，破门而入,(战争)爆发,破门而入,打断，中断,逾越，突破；冲破,打碎；(物理)分解；分开；结束；制止,callcallforcallon/atcallincallupcalloff,需要；邀请,号召；访问,召集；召来,召唤，召集；打电话,取消,comecomeaboutcomeacrosscometocometruecomeupcomeupwithcomeintobeing,发生,偶遇,共计，达到，苏醒,变为现实,走上前，被提出,提出,形成,getgetaboutgetacrossgetawaygetdowngetingetoffgettogethergetthroughgetdowntogetovergetalong/onwith,四处走动；传开,传达,逃脱，设法离开,下来；记下,收割；到达,出发；下班,聚会,接通；通过,开始认真干,克服,进展；相处,givegiveupgiveingiveoutgiveawaygiveoffgiveback,放弃,屈服,用尽；分发,泄露；赠送；颁发,发出,归还，使恢复,gogoagainstgoaheadgoafter/forgowithoutgoinforgothroughgoovergoby,违背；对不利,开始，进展，进行,追逐，追求,勉强维持；凑合,爱好，参加，从事,通过；经历,复习；仔细审查,过去，经过,holdholdbackholdoutholdupholdonholdtogetherholdonto,隐瞒；控制(情感),维持；抵抗；硬撑,使耽搁,坚持；别挂(电话),团结一致,保留，抓住不放,makemakeupformakeoutmakefunofmakeuponesmindmakesensemakegood/fulluseof.makeup,补偿，弥补,辨认出,取笑,下定决心,有道理(意义)，讲得通,充分利用,编造；组成；构成；补齐；凑足,putputasideputawayputdownputforwardputoffputoutputupwithputup,把放在一边,把收好,扑灭，平息,提出,延期；推诿,扑灭；生产,忍受，容忍,挂起，张贴；搭起；为某人提供食宿,turnturndownturninturnoutturnoverturnupturnoffturnonturnawayturnto,拒绝；调低,上交,结果是，证明是,移交，交给,出现；调高,关掉,打开,走开,求助于；翻到,Individualactivity,1.Williamfounditincreasinglydifficulttoread,forhiseyesightwasbeginningto.(2011全国)A.disappearB.fallC.failD.damage,2.Mary,I_Johnofhispromisetohelpyou.(2011全国)A.toldB.remindedC.warnedD.advised,高考链接,3.IabankaccountafterImade1,000bydoingapart-timejobduringthesummervacation.(2011天津)A.borrowedB.openedC.enteredD.ordered,4.Areyoustillmadather?Notreally,butIcant_thatherremarkshurtme.(2011江苏)AdenyBrefuseCrejectDdecline,5.IdprefertomyjudgementuntilIfindalltheevidence.(2011福建)A.showB.expressC.passD.reserve,6.Asthestory_,thetruthaboutthestrangefigureisslowlydiscovered.(2011安徽)A.beginsB.happensC.endsD.develops,7.Knowledgeandlearningareimportantifwewanttobesuccessful,buttheymayalso_ourthinking.(2011湖北)A.directB.limitC.changeD.improve,8.Theministersaid.“Wearereadyfordiscussionswithanylegalparties,butwellnever_withcriminals.”(2011湖北)A.negotiateB.quarrelC.argueD.consult,9.Clinicalevidencebeganto_,suggestingthatthenewdrugshadawiderrangeofusefulactivitiesthanhadbeenpredictedfromexperimentsinanimals.(2011湖北)A.operateB.strenghtenC.approveD.accumulate,10.Whatareyoudoingoutofbed,Tom?Youre_tobeasleep.(2011辽宁)A.supposedB.knownC.thoughtD.considered,11.Icanthehousebeinguntidy,butIhateitifitsnotclean.(2011全国)A.comeupwithB.putupwithC.turntoD.stickto,这所学校并不是我原来真正想去的，但我现在