人教新课标必修4-Unit-3-语法讲解完整ppt课件

Grammar,Revision,-ing形式作主语和宾语的用法TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.1.Talkingtohimistalkingtoawall.2.Smokingmaycausecancer.,对他说话等于对牛弹琴。,吸烟会致癌。,3.Walkingismysoleexercise.4.Talkingmendsnoholes.5.Isuggestbringingthemeetingtoanend.,散步是我唯一的运动。,（谚）空谈无济于事。,我建议结束会议。,6.Headmittedtakingthemoney.7.Icouldnthelplaughing.8.Yourcoatneedsbrushing.,他承认钱是他拿的。,我禁不住笑了起来。,你的大衣需要刷一下。,-ing形式作定语,宾语补足语和表语的用法,一、-ing形式(动名词和现在分词)作定语1.动名词通常只能位于所修饰的名词前，既可以表示被修饰者的作用或功能，被修饰的名词与动名词没有逻辑上的主谓关系；可用“名词+for+动名词”来表达；如：buildingmaterials=materialsforbuilding建筑材料,drinkingwater=？饮用水awalkingstick=？手杖areadingroom=？阅览室awritingdesk=？写字台,2.现在分词作定语表示性质、特征、状态或动作；被修饰的名词与现在分词在逻辑上有主谓关系；可换成定语从句来表达；单个的现在分词作定语，常置于被修饰的名词的前面；现在分词短语作定语，须置于被修饰名词的后面。tiringmusic=musicthatistiring烦人的音乐asurprisingresult=aresultthatissurprising一个惊人的结果2.-ing形式短语作定语时,放在所修饰的名词之后,并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。如：,Theylivedinaroomfacingthestreet.=Theylivedinaroomthatfacesthestreet.他们住在一间面朝街的房子。ThemanstandingthereisPetersfather.=ThemanwhoisstandingthereisPetersfather.(theman与standingthere在逻辑上有主谓关系)站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。1.与被修饰词是主动关系2.表示正在发生的动作,Anybodyswimminginthisriverwillbefined.=Anybodywhoisswimminginthisriverwillbefined.在这条河里游泳的任何一个人都会被罚款。,01.05.2020,.,10,(1)aswimmingman,(2)aswimmingpool,01.05.2020,.,11,(2)awalkingstick,(1)awalkingman,=amanwhoiswalking,=astickforwalking,Whatsthedifferencebetween(1)and(2)?,01.05.2020,.,12,Awaitingroom=aroomforwaitingAwaitingman=Asleepingcar=Therisingsun=,Rewritethefollowingsentenceswithattributiveclauses.TheteacherteachingusEnglishisMr.Qi.=Theteacher_isMr.Qi.,whoisteachingusEnglish,01.05.2020,.,14,Thepeoplesittingbehindusareallteachers.,TheexpertcomingfromHuaianisaladycalledMsCai.,=Thepeople_areallteachers.,=Theexpert_isaladycalledMsCai.,whoaresittingbehindus,whocomesfromHuaian,3.-ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。如：Hisbrother,workingasateacher,livesinBeijing.=Hisbrother,whoisworkingasateacher,livesinBeijing.他那个当教师的哥哥住在北京。,Theappletree,swayinggentlyinthebreeze,hadagoodcropoffruit.=Theappletree,_,hadagoodcropoffruit.那棵苹果树硕果累累，在微风中轻轻摇曳。,whichwasswayinggentlyinthebreeze,二、-ing形式作宾语补足语1.1)动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。如：Whenwereturnedtotheschool,wefoundastrangerstandingattheentrance.当我们回到学校时,发现一个陌生人站在大门口。,Wefoundthesnakeeatingtheeggs.我们发现蛇正在吃鸡蛋。Ifoundabaglyingontheground.我发现地板上放着一个包。Thebosskepttheworkersworkingthewholenight.那老板让工人整夜地工作。1.-ing表示正在发生的动作2.与动词的宾语是主动关系,2）当主句转换为被动结构时,原来作宾语补足语的动词-ing形式便转换为主语补足语。如：Theyfoundtheresultverysatisfying.=Theresultisfoundverysatisfying.这个结果很令人满意。,Theyheardhimsinginginthenextroom.=_inthenextroom.有人听到他在隔壁房间唱歌。Wemustntkeepthemwaiting.=_.千万不能让他们等。,Hewasheardsinging,Theymustntbekeptwaiting.,2.能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词:1)表示感觉和心理状态的动词，常见的有see,hear,feel,smell,find,notice,observe,lookat,listento,watch等。如：Wesawalightburninginthewindow.Ifeltsomebodypattingmeontheshoulder.,Canyousmellanythingburning?Ashespoke,heobservedeverybodylookingathimcuriously.Listentothebirdssinging.Ididntnoticehimwaiting.2)表示指使意义的动词，常见的有have,set,keep,get,catch,leave,start,make等。如：,Iwonthaveyoudoingthat.Thissetmethinking.Imsorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.Icantgettheclockgoingagain.Youwontcatchmedoingthatagain.你看吧，我决不会做那种事了。,01.05.2020,.,24,Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound_inthekitchen.(NMET2003)A.smokeB.smokingC.tosmokeD.smoked,Themanagerdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee_thenextyear.(NMET2000)A.carryoutB.carryingoutC.carriedoutD.tocarryout,3.see,hear,feel,watch等动词之后用-ing形式和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别：Wepassedbytheclassmatesandsawtheteachermakingtheexperiment.我们走过教室，看见老师在做实验。（只在走过教室的刹那间，看见老师正在做实验）,前者表示动作正在进行，而后者表示（或强调）动作从开始到结束的全过程。如:,Wesatanhourandwatchedtheteachermaketheexperiment.我们坐了一个小时，看老师做实验。（一个小时之内一直在看老师作实验）如果宾语补足语是短暂性动词，动词不定式短语表示一次动作，而-ing形式则表示反复动作。如：Weheardthedoorslam.Weheardthedoorslamming.,(反复动作),(一次动作),三、-ing形式作表语-ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后，用来泛指某种动作或行为，以说明主语的身份、性质或情况。如：Herhobbyispainting.她的业余爱好是画画。Myjobislookingafterthechildren.我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。,(动名词),（动名词）,Hisconcernforhismotherismosttouching.他对母亲的关爱很感人。Shewasverypleasinginherappearance.,（现在分词）,（现在分词）,精练1:Herjobis_allthechildren.A.lookafterB.lookingafterC.lookedafterD.havinglookedafter精练2:Thespeechwasvery_,andwewere_totears.A.moved;movedB.moving;movingC.moving;movedD.moved;moving,1.Theresultofthetestwasrather_.disappointedB.disappointingC.beingdisappointedD.disappoint2.People_inthecitydonotknowthepleasureofcountrylife.liveB.toliveC.livedD.living3.Thelibrarysstudyroomisfullofstudents_fortheexam.busilypreparedB.busypreparingC.busilyprepareD.arebusilypreparing,8.Whenheawoke,hefoundhimself_byanoldwoman.A.lookedafterB.belookedafterC.beinglookedafterD.belookingafter9.Sittingbyherside,Icouldfeelherheart_.A.beatenB.tobeatC.beatingD.tobebeating5.WhenIcamein,IsawDr.Li_apatient.A.examineB.examingC.toexamD.examined,Exercises,Pointouttheusageoftheingform.1.Doyoufinditfunnytoseesomeoneslidingonabananaskin,bumpingintosomeoneelseroundacorner,orfallingdownaholeintheroad?sliding,bumping,falling,作宾语补足语,2.Hebecamefamousforusingaparticularformofacting,includingmimeandfarce.using作介词for的_including作_,宾语,状语,3.Buthewaslivedbyallwhowatchedthefilmsforhisdeterminationinovercomingdifficultiesandbeingkindevenwhenpeoplewereunkindtohim.overcoming作_,介词宾语,4.ThatwastheproblemfacingCharlieChaplininoneofhismostfamousfilms.facing作_5.Heloveditbyusingnonverbalhumor.using作_,定语,介词宾语,6.Theirjobis“panningforgold”.panning作_7.Finallyhetriescuttingandeatingthebottomoftheshoe.cutting,eating作_,表语,宾语,ExplainthefollowingphrasesinsimpleEnglish.,Abagforsleeping,Aboythatissleeping,Acupfordrinking,Ahorsethatisdrinking,Ahallfordancing,Agirlthatisdancing,Apotforcooking,Astorythatismoving,Amachineforwashing,Asoundthatisterrifying,Atableforoperating,Aleaderwhoisinspiring,Choosethesuitablewordsfromtheboxbelowandfillintheblanksinthecorrectform.,1.IcantimagineBilly_amotorbike.,riding,2.Didyouhearthedogdownstairs_formostofthenight?3.Frankisverygoodattellingfunnyjokes.Hecanbevery_.4.Youcantstopme_whatIwant.5.Hegavemea_hugwhenhemetmeattheairport.,barking,amusing,doing,welcoming,6.Jimhasreallylearntveryfast.Shehasmade_progress.7.Itsbeenrainingallday.Thisweatheris_.8.WhenIcameoutofthetheatre,Inoticedagroupofchildren_musicalinstrumentsacrossthestreet.,astonishing,depressing,playing,Pleasereadthesentencescarefully,tryingtopickouttheerrorsandthencorrectthem.1.IamlookingforwardtovisitCharlieChaplinMuseuminSwitzerlandnextweek.,visiting,2.ManypeoplestillenjoyseeingCharlieChaplinssilentfilms.3.ThatcartoonpictureshowsCharlieChaplinwatchhimselfwatchinginamovie.4.Charliesnonverbalhumoroftenmakespeopleburstingwithlaughter.,watching,burst,5.WeareallfondofCharliesearlyfilms,whichwethinkaremoreinterested.6.ImissedtoseethebeginningofthefilmCityLightstheotherday.7.IwouldntmindtoseeTheGoldRushagainwithyoutonight.,interesting,seeing,seeing,8.Charliesjobwasentertainpeople,wasnthe?,entertaining,从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。,1.Dontleavethewater_whileyoubrushyourteeth.A.runB.runningC.beingrunD.torun,2.TellMarythattheressomeone_forheratthedoor.A.waitingB.waitedC.waitsD.towait,3.The_waitercameuptousandsaid,“Youarewelcome.”A.smilingB.smiledC.smileD.tosmile,4.Aphonecallsenthim_tothehospital.A.hurryB.hurryingC.tohurryD.hurried,5.Doyouknowtheboy_underthebigtree?A.layB.lainC.layingD.lying,6.IcanhardlyimaginePeter_acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.A.sailB.tosailC.sailingD.tohavesailed,7.Therearelotsofplacesofinterest_inourcity.A.needsrepairingB.needingrepairedC.neededrepairingD.needingtoberepaired,8.Thedrunkenhusbandknockedagainstthetableandsentthebowls_inalldirectionsbeforehewassent_byhiswife.A.flying;tosleepB.flying;sleepingC.tofly;tosleepingD.tofly;tosleep,9.Whenwegotbackfromthecinema,wefoundthelamp_butthedoor_.A.beingon;shutB.burning;shuttingC.burning;shutD.on;shutting,10.Asisknowntousall,travelingis_,butweoftenfeel_whenwearebackfromtravels.A.interesting;tiredB.interested;tiringC.interesting;tiringD.interested;tired,11.Thewomanfounditnogood_herdaughtertoomuchmoney.A.givingB.beinggivenC.givenD.gave,12.Asthestonewastooheavytomove,Ileftit_ontheground.A.layingB.layC.lyingD.lain,13.Johnsbadhabitis_withoutthoroughunderstanding.A.readB.beingreadC.tobereadD.reading,1.The_boywaslastseen_nearthebankofthelake.missing;playingB.missing;playC.missed;playedD.missed;toplay解析：missing是形容词，作boy的定语，意思是“失踪的”。waslastseenplaying表示被看见时正在玩。,高考链接,2.MrSmith,_ofthe_speech,startedtoreadanovel.tired;boringB.tiring;boredC.tired;boredD.tiring;boring解析：此题考查现在分词与过去分词的区别。tired,moved,interestedexcited等过去分词叙述的是人的本身感受；tiring,moving,interesting,exciting等现在分词叙述的是某一物或事情给予人的感受。句意为“史密斯先生对这个令人厌烦的讲