高中英语语音教学

英语语音专题,TheAlphabet,统教给学生48个音标的发音方法（如舌、牙齿的位置，口形以及口的张开程度等）；然后不断地给学生总结字母以及字母组合的发音规律，循序渐进，反复练习，逐步掌握；最后有计划、有步骤地在已学的单词复习中练习语音知识，在即将出现的新词中检测和巩固语音知识，使学生在掌握语音知识的同时对新单词能自己拼读，以培养学生的自学能力和学习的积极主动精神。,如手势法、辨音法、口形定位法、模仿法、演示法、对比法、录音法以及游戏法等。每种教学方法都有其适用性，教师应充分发挥各种方法的优势并综合运用各种方法，以调动学生学习语音的兴趣。,Pronunciation,LakeFakeTakeNameDateGate,BrakesliceHikeBoneCaseHopefulStoveVaseBehaveCave,听写以上单词。,InternationalPhoneticsymbols（国际音标）,1.什么是国际音标？由于英语的拼写形式和读音有很大的分歧,所以无法完全根据字母来读音。为了精确地学习和掌握语音,就要借助一种注音手段来弥补这一缺陷,于是便产生了一定数量的精确记录语音的符号，叫做“音符”(Phoneticsymbols)。我们这里所说的国际音标是专门为英语注音的那一部分标音符号。目前我国通用的国际音标共有48个,其中,元音音标20个，辅音音标28个。,Howmanyphoneticsymbolsarethere?,元音vowels(20个),元音的分类:英语元音音素共20个，分单元音和双元音两大类。(A)单元音（12个）：a.前元音：/i:/,/i/,/e/,/b.后元音：/u:/,/u/,/:/,/,/a:/c.中元音：/:/,/,/,(B)双元音（8个）：,a.合口双元音：/ei/,/i/ai/,u/,/au/,b.集中双元音：/i/,/,/u/以上所讲的是按发音时舌的活动范围来分类的，此外,可以按发音时的唇形分类：圆唇音/,/:/,/u/,/u:/；扁唇音/i:/,/:/；以及按长、短音分类：长元音/i:/,/u:/,/:/,/:/,/a:/，短元音/i/,/e/,/,/u/,/,/,/,元音音素的发音方法和位置：,前元音(Frontvowels)/i:/,/i/,/e/,/前元音的特点就是前舌在活动,舌尖都抵下齿背,前舌都向硬颚抬起,只是高度不同。发/i:/音时前舌抬得最高,发/音时前舌最低。发/i:/音时牙床开得最小,发/音时牙床开得最大。唇的扁平程度和肌肉的紧张程度也不同。带有“:”的要发长音,不带“:”的发短音。但是/虽然不带“:”,但要比其他短音发得稍长一些。,1.前元音i:e,ee,ea,ie,ei,eoA:Teaorcoffee?B:TeaforLeeandcoffeeforme,please.ii,e,y,eyHislittlesisterissittinginthemiddle.ee,ea,aiGood,better,best.Neverletitrest.Tillgoodisbetter.Andbetterbest.aCat,cat!Catchthatblackrat!,hesee,read,piece,ceiling,people,is,English,busy,money,red,then,head,again,hat,bag,can,apple,Compare,it-eat2.liveleave3.fillfeel4.seatsit5.treetrip6.bitbee7.sheepship8.deeddid9.liveleave10.feedfit11.peapit12.ridread13.streetstrict14.sleepslip,Compare,bet-bat2.patpet3.bagbeg4.satset5.neck-lack6.sadsaid7.badbed8.daddead9.ladled10.fadfed,c.中元音(Centralvowels)/:/,/，/中元音的特点就是舌的中部稍稍隆起（不太容易感觉到）,舌平放口中,不抵下齿背；口腔各部分都很自然,肌肉松弛。发这两个中元音的方法及部位类似,区别在于：发/音时,牙床半开,双唇中常,只要一张口就可发出/音,它是12个单元音中最弱、最模糊的一个音。,er,a,e,o,ourThefarmerssisterisadoctor.:ir,ur,or,ear,erTheearlybirdcatchesthewormfirst.o,uCometothefrontonthedouble.,clever,ruler,panda,open,today,colour,girl,shirt,purple,work,earth,her,love,colour,us,duck,中元音,Phrases,:,Adirtyskirt,hurtabird,Learntowork,worseandworse,Readthewords,agoagainaddresshundredparentlicensewaterAugustbananatodaycolourpoliceman,Phrases,Soonerorlater,AutumnandAugust,Workerandfarmer,aboutthepictureoftheteacher,b.后元音(Backvowels)/:/,/,/:/,/u/,/u:/后元音的特点就是后舌在活动。发后元音时舌不抵下齿背,而是平放在口中,只是后舌抬起的高度不同。/,/:/,/u/,/u:/是圆唇音,发/音时是大圆唇,发/:/,/u/,/u:/音时,唇依次缩小,发/u:/音时就成了小圆唇了。发/:/音时牙床开得最大,依次缩小,到发/u:/音时牙床开得最小。,a:ar,aItsfartothefarmfromthepark.o,aThelittlepotissohot.:or,a,au,arMydaughterwhosforty-fourisalawyer.uooLookatthecookbook.Itsreallygood.u:oo,u,ou,oeHowdoyoudo?Youlookreallycool.,shop,sorry,watch,what,morning,call,autumn,warm,football,wood,classroom,book,soon,ruler,soup,shoe,half,class,park,hard,后元音,Comparea:,cut-cart2.lucklark3.duckdark4.toughtask5.mudmark6.busbath7.farfun8.shutshark,Compare,pot-port2.lotlord3.notnorth4.foxforks5.shotshort6.wokwalk7.spotsport8.cockcaught,Compare,walkworkshortshirtwarmworddoor-dirtsore-sircause-curd,_,i:ie,a:u:u,:,单元音vowels(12个),双元音,eia,ai,ay,ea,eiRain,raingoaway.LittleJohnnywantstoplay.aii,yOutofsight,outofmind.ioy,oiSoybeanoilismychoice.uo,oa,ow,Goandopenthewindow,Joe,andshowmethephoto.auou,owIfoundamouseinthehouse.,game,rain,play,great,five,idea,try,goodbye,boy,toy,point,oil,old,hello,coat,show,about,round,down,town,facesamegameplaywastehatelatehaycomplainfamous,Readthewords,Ilifequietmindpricenightdieshywhiteliehigh,Phrases,ei,hatetobelate,saveherface,neverwaste,metthefirstlady,ai,Phrases,thebluesky,inthecountryside,thebitingwind,Outofsight,outofmind,ai,写法,_,12ai3ai,roadcoatgoatboatloadcoldsmokegohomehope,Readthewords,howaboutshoutcowloudmousegroundhourcrownmouth,Phrases,u,GoldCoast,makeatoast,beallbones,thelocallanguage,Phrases,au,goforanouting,betweenourselves,readaloud,outofdate,au,_,写法,12au3au,Learnthephrases,toilandmoilaspoiledboyAnnoyingnoiseliveforenjoyment,Learnthephrases,toilandmoilaspoiledboyAnnoyingnoiseliveforenjoyment,Readthewords,Boysandgirls,pleasepayattentionto“oy”!boytoyjoysoyannoyingemploy,Readthewords,Nowpleasepayattentionto“oi”!oilsoilboilcoinpointnoise,iear,eer,eaWeareneartheendoftheyear.ere,air,are,eirWherethereisawill,thereisaway.uure,ourItssuretobegoodforthetourists.Poortour!,hear,year,deer,really,there,chair,careful,their,sure,tour,poor,February,写法,_,123,Readthewords,ieardearheartearfearclearherebeersneerpeer,pearwearwheredarecaresharebarerarehairflairfairstairrepair,Readthephrasesi,comeheredrinkthebeerveryclearfearnothinghereandthereCheeringwithtears,Learnthephrases,sharey