口译听力原语目的语.docx

三种错误的饭后习惯医生提醒人们，随着人们生活水平的逐渐提高，人们的保健意识也随之增强了，许多人认为饭后吃点水果是现代生活的最佳搭配。无论是在餐厅、饭店，还是在家里就餐，许多人都喜欢饭后吃点水果爽口，其实这是一种错误的生活习惯，因为饭后马上吃水果会影响消化功能。医生解释说，由于食物进入胃以后，必须经过一到两个小时的消化过程，才能缓慢排出。如果人们在饭后立即吃进水果，就会被先期到达的食物阻滞在胃内，致使水果不能正常地在胃内消化，在胃内时间过长，从而引起腹胀、腹泻或便秘等症状。如果人们长期坚持这种生活习惯，将会导致消化功能紊乱，因此，人们最好在饭后一到两个小时再吃水果。医生还提醒说，人们还要注意改正饭后饮茶和饭后散步的错误习惯。饭后立即饮茶，茶水会冲淡胃液，影响胃内食物的正常消化。茶水中含有的单宁酸还会促使胃内的物质凝固，影响蛋白质的吸收，从而增加了胃的负担。对此，医生建议人们，在饭后一小时内最好不要饮茶，应待饭后一小时胃内食物消化得差不多时再饮用茶水，这样对消化功能和物质凝固也不会产生太大的影响。“饭后百步走，活到九十九”，这种说法也是不科学的。人的胃在饭后是处于充盈状态的，即使是非常轻微的运动也会使胃受到震动，从而增加胃肠负担，影响消化功能。对此，医生建议，饭后适当休息三十分钟，待胃内的食物适当消化后，再活动较为适宜，这样也不会对消化系统产生太大的影响。（练习介绍了三种错误的饭后习惯，这三种习惯分别是：饭后立即吃水果、喝茶和散步；针对每一种错误习惯，分析了其原因，提出了正确的做法；在原因里又提到几种原因，分别是。就这样将信息一层一层地剖析下去，形成一个清晰的逻辑线路图，然后按照逻辑线路对原语讲话进行复述，复述时不必拘泥于原语的顺序和结构。）Why do we have eyebrows?Those tiny, little hairs above our eyes that many women either pluck, paint, pierce or tattoo play a very important role in keeping moisture out of our eyes. Just like an umbrella keeps our bodies dry from the rain, our hairy eyebrows keep our eyes dry from rain or sweat.When its pouring rain outside or when sweat drips down from our foreheads, our eyebrows divert the flow of water or sweat away from our eyes.Our arch-shaped eyebrows angle the rain or sweat around to the side of our faces-leaving our eyes fairly dry. By catching the water or sweat, our eyebrows not only allow us to see more clearly, but also keep salty sweat from burning or irritating our eyes.Why do we have eyebrows? Eyebrows have other roles also. As one of our most expressive facial features, eyebrows help us determine how people are feeling without ever really asking them.If a persons eyebrows are frowning, chances are they are mad or upset. In addition, eyebrows have an increasing impact on our beauty or fashion culture over the years.Thick, hairy and big eyebrows tend to be characterized as unattractive while thin and plucked eyebrows are said to be more attractive.Why are girls not as good at math and science?Girls dont do as well at maths and science as boys. There are several reasons for this. (1) The first and most important reason is ( 1st, MIR)that they arent encouraged to play with toys (gls not ply with toys)that build up interest in math and science problems( bdup 兴, mth + sns )and that build skills for problem solving or understanding how things work. (bd skills pblm slvn or undstdn how things wk)Girls are encouragedto play with toys (gls to ply with toys)that help foster language and human relations skills. (foster L + HRS)As a result,they can grow up not knowing how an engine works or how to build a model from directions. (, grow up nt knowing how an engine wks or h to bd a mdl from drcns)(2)Second, studies have shown that teachers dont expect girls to be good at math.(2nd, tchers gls be gd at mth)Even female math and science teachers pay more attention to boys in class and call on boys more often. Because teachers dont expect girls to excel, they dont try very hard, and soon girls are far behind boys in these studies.(evn, F mth + sns Ts PMA to bys in klas, Ts expt gls to excel,sn gls r far bhd bys in mth + sns)(3) Finally, girls dont have many role models to look up to (崇拜的角色榜样)(F, gls dnt hv many Rs to Lk up to) Not very many math and science teachers are women, especially in the later grades. When the media picture mathematicians and scientists, they usually picture men. As a result, girls arent inspired to choose these fields as careers.(not many mts +sns Ts r women, esp, in Later grades. Wn media pcture S X J + K X J, they usu. pcture men. , gls r not inspired to choose these flds as careers)（4）In summary, several factors work together at home, in schools, and in society at large to send a subtle message （微妙的信号）to girls. Girls almost always get the message.As a result, few girls excel at maths and science.( in sum, svl fktors wk tgze in the H, Sguls, in Scty to msg to gls, gls gt the msg, , few gls exsl at mth +sns)有偿搭车 “上班族”借助网络发帖联络搭乘“顺风车”，这种出行方式(trip mode, transportation)最近在北京、上海、深圳等一些大中型城市开始流行起来。一些网站还专门设立了相关的栏目，北京出现了全国第一家顺风车专业门户网站，有需求者只要将自己的出发地和目的地发布上网，就会很容易获得理想的搭乘机会。除此之外，也有一些搭乘者是通过朋友介绍认识的。与国外一些国家搭顺风车现象有所不同的是，按事先约定，国内的一些搭乘者会以现金或实物的形式给车主一定的补偿，而一些车主也将省钱和挣钱作为提供便利的目的之一。面对越来越多的汽车污染以及日渐严重的交通压力，“顺风车”的出现无疑是件好事。但随之而来的“有偿搭车”现象却引起了各方的不同看法。对此持赞同意见的人认为应该提倡这种做法，因为它既方便了乘车人，也减轻了车主的经济负担，同时还能缓解城市交通压力；反对的人则认为私家车收费搭乘他人，严格意义上属于非法营运，由于它没有办理任何证件，干扰了正常的客运市场。政府应加以严格管理；一些保险公司相关人士还认为，一旦发生事故，保险公司有权拒赔，理由是营运车风险比较大，同类型汽车的保险费收费标准，营运车辆要高于私家车。 Lots of “office workers” leave messages on the internet to ask for a hitch-hiking to work. It has recently become a fashionable trip mode in some big and medium-sized cities like Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen, etc. Columns related to “hitch-hiking” can be found in some websites, and in Beijing the first professional “hitch-hiking” website has been created in which those who have the demands of taking a free ride may publish their places of departure and arrival so that they are apt to get a free ride chance. Besides, some other hitch-hikers get introduced by their common friends.Different from the hitch-hiking phenomena (abroad)in some foreign countries, domestic hitch-hikers will, according to their previous agreement, pay the car-owners a certain form of compensation, either in cash or in goods, and some owners also take it as a chance to save moneyor to make extra money while they provide convenience for others at the same time.Faced with the ever-increasing automobile pollution and transportation pressures, the appearance of “hitch-hiking” is no doubt a good thing. However, the phenomenon of “charged hitch-hiking” has given rise to very different opinions.Some people are for it and hold that it offers convenience for hitch-hikers and helps reduce car-owners economic burden, meanwhile, it contributes to relieve the citys transportation pressure; while those who are against it think that it is illegal operation for private cars to take passengers and thus get paid, for they operate without legal certificates and bring about the disorder of the normal transportation market, therefore governments should make efforts to get them properly and strictly managed. Insurance companies think that they are entitled to refuse to pay the relevant compensation once there occur car accidents, their reason for that is vehicles in operation run a higher risk, and compared with vehicles of the same kind, the insurance premium is higher than private cars.Hotels in ChinaHotels in China are classified into first class, second class and third class based on their star-rating.Five-star and most four-star hotels are in the first class, Guest rooms in first class hotels all have fully-fitted bathrooms, refrigerators, telephones and satellite TV. They have fully adjustable climate control through central air-conditioning facilities. Other ancillary facilities provided by these hotels include such things as business centers, conference facilities, beauty parlours, saunas, foreign exchange, bowling centers, disco-ballrooms, swimming pools, gymnasiums, restaurants, cafes, shopping centers and bars which are open 2 hours a day.The second class generally includes three-star hotels and some two-star ones. Guest room facilities and services are not up to the standard of those in first class hotels, Tour groups normally prefer to stay in second class hotels.Third class hotels are much like hotels in Western countries in terms of facilities and services. Hardware facilities in such hotels are of course inferior to those provided by second class hotels, but they offer prices 50% or mote below those of second class hotels. As a result, they are popular with many tourists.飞机上的电磁干扰 今天许多航空公司面临的最大危险也许并不是持枪的恐怖分子，而是公务舱中携带笔记本电脑的乘客。在过去的15年里，驾驶员已经报告了100多万起可能由电磁干扰造成的事故。电磁干扰到底来自哪里，人们还不十分清楚，但是越来越多的专家怀疑乘客携带的电子设备，比如笔记本电脑、收音机、录音机和手机等很可能就是罪魁祸首。 要测算机舱内的电磁场对飞机电脑系统会产生怎样的影响并不是一件容易的事。专家认为可随身携带的电子设备会发射出一些辐射，这些辐射很有可能会影响飞机用来导航和与地面联系的波段。由于很难在实验室里模拟出相同的环境来做测试，因此专家们还不能肯定这种辐射的影响是有害还是无害的。 恐怖分子也开始利用飞机可能容易受电磁干扰这一特点，采用无线电设备来破坏飞机的导航系统。还有一个令人担忧的问题是，有些乘客喜欢戴耳机听收音机，并把音量开得很大，这样在紧急情况下，机组人员要求关闭收音机的指令他就无法听到了。中国酒店在中国的酒店按照星级标准划分为一级、二级和三级酒店。五星级和大多数的四星级酒店属于一级酒店。一级酒店的客房配备了全套浴室，冰箱，电话以及卫星电视。这些酒店都拥有可以通过中央空调设备调节气温的遥控。其他由酒店提供的附属设施包括如商务中心、会议设施、美容室、桑拿浴室、外汇和保龄球中心、迪斯科舞厅、游泳池、健身馆、饭店、咖啡厅、购物中心以及酒吧等，每天开放两小时。二级酒店大致包括三星级酒店和一些二星级酒店。其客房设施和服务没有达到一级酒店的标准。不过，旅游团通常更乐意选择住二级酒店。说到设施和服务，三级酒店看起来跟西方国家的酒店差不多。自然而然，在这些三级酒店的硬件设施比起那些二级酒店来是要差一些。但是，这些酒店的费用只需低于二级酒店价格的一半的价格。因此，也广受游客的喜欢。青少年心理健康面临新问题 两年前的刘海洋残害黑熊事件人们尚记忆犹新，前不久的马加爵杀人事件再次敲响警钟：青少年心理健康问题正面临新问题。根据北京大学精神卫生研究所对北京16所大学学生10年中辍学原因的分析，1982年以前主要为传染病，之后则为精神障碍。另一研究表明，1984年北京地区儿童行为问题患病率为8%，1993年为11%，2002年北京中关村地区部分小学儿童行为问题患病率为18%，主要以焦虑、抑郁等神经症行为为主，速度上升之快让人忧虑。 如今，在快节奏、高竞争和高压力的环境下，心理社会因素对青少年心理健康正产生越来越多的影响。首先是家庭环境和父母教育方式。父母关系不睦、单亲家庭、家庭成员有不良嗜好是常见的不良影响因素，另外家长对孩子的情感表达上，一是过度溺爱，事事替孩子想好，这时父母们以为是爱孩子，却没考虑实际上剥夺了孩子成长中适当遭受挫折和困难、学习爱护和帮助他人的机会和权利；二是漠视，忽视孩子的情感需求，对他们成长中的问题置之不理，使孩子不得不寻找其他途径解决问题或得到情感满足，又往往因为经验不足或受外界不良影响出现问题。 其次是不良的社会和文化因素。如“万人竞过独木桥”的升学现状，造成不少家长和教师把学习成绩作为衡量孩子优劣的唯一标准，降低其他方面的要求，使孩子学习压力极大。独生子女的增多，也使孩子们更加以自我为中心，缺乏为他人着想的素质。物质条件的改善和外来文化的影响，使青少年不知不觉增强了对金钱和情爱的关注等等。 问题的严峻使青少年心理健康问题成为亟须解决的公共卫生问题。然而，长期以来，人们要么耻于谈心理问题，要么认为没什么大不了。实际上，心理问题是指任何原因造成的思维、情绪或行为方面的偏离或异常。像我们不能断言永远不会得躯体疾病一样，在人的一生中，每个人都可能在一段时间里出现心理问题，需要得到专业帮助。此外，职业队伍短缺也是一个瓶颈。相对于我国3000万心理问题的青少年，目前从事儿童精神科工作的医生却不到150名。美国人口是我国的1/5，儿童精神科医生却有6000名。还有学校中相关师资的短缺也值得重视等等。问题的提出正有待于我们去正视、解决。How you sleep says a lot about what you areA British scientist has compared personality traits特性 of people and their preferred ways of sleeping and says that four common sleep positions reveal a lot about people.一位英国科学家对比了一些人的性格特征和他们偏爱的睡觉姿势，发现两者 之间有着某种联系。下面是4种有代表性睡眠姿势和其体现的个性特征。Those who sleep in the most popular fetal胎儿的 position,like a child in the mothers wombwum子宫,tend to be shy and sensitive. 1.胎儿睡眠式:喜欢以胎儿在母腹里的姿势睡眠的人，通常害羞又敏感。Sleepers who prefer to sleep in the soldier position,flat on their back with arms at their sides,are quiet and reserved. 2.军人睡眠式：偏爱士兵睡眠的姿势，即仰面直躺，手臂放于身体两侧， 这类人通常是安静而拘谨的。Those who drift off on their sides with legs outstretched and arms down are easy-going and very sociable.If the arms are outstretched伸开的,the person tends to be more skeptical 怀疑的or suspicious. 3.左右交替式：即身体轮流向左和向右侧睡，双腿伸展，手臂下垂，这类人是随 和善于社交的。而此姿势手臂向外伸展则代表你是一个猜疑心较重的人。Finally,people who sleep in the starfish海星positionarms and legs stretched out to the side-have an unassuming 谦逊的personality and are usually good listeners. 海星睡眠式：顾名思义，像海星那样四肢向外伸展开的睡法，这样的人为人谦 逊，不摆架子，并且善于倾听。Tour the White House For almost two hundred years, the White House has stood as a symbol of the Presidency, the United States government, and the American people. Its history, and the history of the nations capital, began in December of 1790. President Washington, together with city planner Pierre LEnfant, chose the site for the new residence, which is now 1600 Pen. Avenue. Construction began when the first cornerstone was laid in Oct. 1792. Although President Washington oversaw the construction of the house, he never lived in it. It was not until 1800, when the White House was nearly completed, that its first residents, President John Adams and his wife, Abigail, moved in. Since that time, each President has made his own changes and additions. The White House has a unique and fascinating history. It survived a fire in 1814 and another fire in the West Wing in 1929. The interior of the house was completely renovated. Nonetheless, the exterior stone walls are those first put in place when the White House was constructed two centuries ago.The White House is open for tours in the morning, Tuesday through Saturday, and is closed every Sunday and Monday. All White House tours are free. Cameras may be carried after undergoing a security check as you enter, but taking pictures/videotaping is not permitted inside the White House. 两百多年来，白宫作为美国总统、美国政府以及美国人民的标志一直屹立在那里。和这个国家的首都的历史一样，白宫的历史开始于1790年。华盛顿总统和城市设计师皮埃尔雷芬一起选择该址作为新的居住地，即现在的宾夕法尼亚大街1600号。当1792年第一块奠基石造好的时候，白宫的建设就开始了。尽管华盛顿总统监督了白宫的建设，但是他从未入主白宫。直到1800年，也就是白宫临近竣工的时候，第一位入主白宫的是总统约翰亚当斯和他的妻子阿比盖尔。从那以后，每位入主白宫的总体都会改变原有的装潢或摆设，使得白宫以新面貌出现。白宫有着极其独特和引人注目的历史。1814年，英军曾将其付之一炬。1929年，白宫的西翼也曾被纵火。白宫经历了这些劫难后存留了下来。其外围石墙就是在白宫在两百多年前建成时建造的。在星期二至星期六这段时间的上午，白宫是全面开放的。而至于星期天和星期一，则不对外开放。所有在白宫内的旅游观光都是免费的。在游客进入白宫时，通过安全检查后方可携带照相机入内。但是，在白宫内禁止拍照和录像。CNN采访李连杰动作片action movie模式 formula 报仇雪恨 revenge 功夫超群 outstanding Kongfu master 题材广博 much broader theme 武打技巧martial arts technique Huge hit 引起轰动 sequels 续集 CNN: Congratulations on “Hero”. I mean, is the part very similar to what you normally play? 李连杰: 不，这是一部不同寻常的电影中的一个非常独特的角色，和我以往演过的角色都不一样。可以说这是我最重要的动作片之一。 CNN: Why do you say that? You have made about 30 movies. How is this one different from the rest? 李连杰：通常的动作片都有这么一个模式：一个孩子的父母亲被杀，这个孩子从小习武，立志报仇雪恨。长大后他果然功夫超群，除掉坏蛋，为父母报仇。但英雄的题材则广博的多。 CNN: Is it very similar to “Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon” for example? 李连杰：完全不同。我认为李安是个非常有才华的导演，他用武术来描写爱情。而张艺谋则尝试用武术来描述中国文化，中国人的思想，以及他们期望的世界是什么样的。 CNN: Thats very deep. We know your first-ever movie was “Shaolin Temple” made in 1979 when you were still just a teenager. The movie was a huge hit in Asia and was followed by two sequels. Let me ask you, how did you move from being a martial arts champion to becoming a Hollywood action star? 李连杰：我认为最重要的原因还是我自幼习武，这是我的特长。我可以在电影里使用自己独特的武打技巧。我也一直想做些与众不同的事，如通过武术来谈论和平，实现和平。 CNN: That almost sounds like a contradiction, right? You are a fighter here, and you talk about peace? 李连杰：对。其实中国文化并不只是武打功夫这些表面现象。中国人并不是都懂得武术，只知道打人，没有思想没有大脑的。中国文化有很深的哲理，我觉得我有责任告诉世界。 保持农历新年的核心价值观 农历新年 lunar new year 团圆饭 reunion dinner 增强凝聚力 strengthen the sense of togetherness 核心价值观 core values 多代同堂 multi-generation families 亲情和友情 kinship and friendship 对于全世界的华人来说，农历新年（又称春节）无疑是全年最重要的喜庆节日。这个华人传统源自大约3，000年前，它代表着旧的一年平安过去了，人们准备大事庆祝和迎接新的一年。 除夕夜的团圆饭是整个年头里最具意义的一餐。所以大家庭的成员都会聚集一堂，远在他乡的也会尽量赶回来。团圆饭显示了家庭在华人文化里的重要地位，它可以增强家庭凝聚力。 人们庆祝新年的方式，体现了两个重要的核心价值观。首先，多代同堂的家庭成员，齐聚家中享受一顿丰盛的团圆饭，是每个人都会遵守的习惯。准备一顿丰盛晚餐的工作，当然是落在家中女子成员的身上。比较富裕的家庭则可能有佣人帮忙。其次，亲戚朋友之间也会兴高采烈互访。这样的欢庆方式，有助于加强亲情和友情。Fortune 500 Companies For 45 years, Fortune magazine has been ranking the largest companies in the United States. The result is their annual “Fortune 500” list. Sometimes people will refer to the top 100 companies on the list as the “Fortune 100”. Essentially, the magazine lists the U.S. based corporations with the largest revenue in the past year. Fortune calculates revenue using publicly available data, therefore private companies, i.e., those whose stock is not traded on a public market, are excluded. U.S. subsidiaries of foreign companies are also excluded. “Fortune 500” companies are among the biggest, most profitable, and most powerful companies in America. In terms of profits even the bottom end of the Fortune 500 list isnt too shabby. On last years list, the company at the bottom still had a respectable sum of over $3 billion. While the “Fortune 500” is limited to American companies, the magazine also publishes the “Global 500”, which ranks publicly held companies from around the world. Of course, because the U.S. dominates as much of the global economy, many Fortune 500 companies rank high in the “Global 500” too. Fortune magazine also publishes other lists, such as the “100 Best Companies to work for” and the “100 Fastest-Growing Companies”. Its an interesting exercise to compare all the lists and see where companies overlap. For example, the No. 1 company to work for may not rank on the “Fortune 500” at all. With the top companies on both the U.S. and worldwide 500 lists, you wont find them on either of the most admired companies list. Maybe the Beatles were right -money cant buy you love. 艾滋病的防治 艾滋病已经成为中国社会发展中的一个相当严重的问题。有些人是意外感染上艾滋病的，比如在医院里输了受污染的血，婴儿从母亲身上传染了艾滋病，有些是因为接触不合适的性伴侣。自从1985年我们发现第一个艾滋病患者，目前全国进入了艾滋病快速传染期。根据专家估计，到去年底，全国已经有90多万艾滋病病毒感染者。如果我们不采取有效的措施，那么到2010年，这个数字将要翻一番。 首先是因为贫穷，缺少预防艾滋病的教育与知识。其次是缺乏常识。对这个问题毫不在意。再其次是因为他们缺乏培训、资金以及信息资源。根据报道，我们到目前还没有医治艾滋病的有效药物。英汉数字转换1. 8，666 2. 801，806 3. 2，009，005 4. 363，605，401 5. 45，060，130 6. 945，063，505 7. 1，278，865，000 8. 12.5 million 9. 15.28 billion 10. 1.03 trillion 汉英数字转换 1. 203.7亿 2. 1.306万 3. 123.45公顷 4. 42.192公里 5.60.25公斤 6. 600.53亿美元 7. 5.8万元 8. 166.68万吨 9. 866.9万人次 10. 436.75万名新生China-ASEAN relationship A: 请问，东盟是什么时候成立的？现在包括哪些成员国？ B: ASEAN was established on August 8, 1967; it has 10 member countries: Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Thailand, Singapore and Vietnam. A: 除了10个成员国，东盟还经常召开10+1,10+3会议，这是不是说明东盟还有一些对话伙伴国？ B: Yes. ASEAN has 10 dialogue partners Australia, Canada, China, the European Union (EU), India, Japan, Russia, New Zealand, South Korea and the United States. A: 东盟地区的范围大概有多大？语言相通吗？总人口有多少？ B: The ASEAN region spans an area of some 4.5 million square kilometers, where 14 official languages are spoken and about seven religions are followed. Its population was estimated at 512 million in 2000. A: 450万平方公里相当于中国国土面积的一半左右。这么大的一个地区性组织与中国相邻，现在与中国的关系如何？ B: The ASEAN region is not only big in area, but also very important economically, politically, and in science and technology. All the ASEAN member countries are Chinas friendly close neighbours. Since the 1990s, China-ASEAN relations have developed on a sound track, with increasingly close political ties. A: 能列举一些数据吗？ B: Economic and trade, science and technology cooperation plays an essential part in China-ASEAN relations. The total trade volume has risen to USD 23.5 billion from USD13 billion in 1994, of which Chinas exports amounted to USD10.92 billion and imports USD12.56 billion. The amount of two-way investment has also risen with the passing years. ASEAN has become an important market for China in the fields of labour cooperation and project contracts. China and ASEAN have agreed to create the worlds most populous Free Trade Bloc within 8 years.