新航道雅思语法-分词ppt课件

.,分词,.,Titanic,Then,Mr.Strausbeggedhiswifetogetintothelifeboatwithhermaidandtheothers.Mrs.Strausstartedtogetin.shehadonefootonthegunwale,butthensuddenly,shechangedhermind,turnedawayandsteppedbackontothesinkingship.,.,MostofusarefamiliarwiththestoryoftheTitanic,thefamousshipthathitanicebergonApril14,1912andsunkintotheAtlanticOcean,ThesubmergedTitanicwasdiscoveredin1985byFrenchandAmericanscientists.Duringthenextseveralyears,manysunkenartifactsfromthefamousshipwerebroughttothesurface.AlthoughthestoryofTitanicanditsrecoveryisafascinatingpieceofhistory,itisnottheonlysunkenshipthathasbeenfoundinthedepthsoftheoceans.,.,.,Structure:语法功能（表，定，补，状）,.,一，分词的语法功能,分词作：表语，定语、状语,补语。,.,(一)作表语=形容词,Appearancesoftenaredeceiving.Whenwealthislost,nothingislost;whenhealthislost,somethingislost;whencharacterislost,allislost.,.,(二)作定语=形容词,位置：(1)前置定语（一个单词）(2)后置定语（短语）,.,(1)前置定语（1-2）,UFOUnidentifiedFlyingObjectIELTSInternationalEnglishlanguageTestingSystem,.,【练】剥削阶级(exploit)善解人意的人(understand)Theexploitingclass=theclassthatexploitsothersAnunderstandingman=amanwhocanunderstandothersfeelings,.,“Ireallyamnotthekindofguythatsitshereandsays,Ohgosh,Imworriedaboutmylegacy.”-PresidentGeorgeW.Bush,whenaskedabouthisfallingapprovalnumbersandmountingcriticismofIraqWarduringaninterviewwithCBSs60minutesonJan.14,2007.HisapprovalnumbersthatarefallingThecriticismthatismounting,.,【练】所有这些活动都有可能产生破坏性的影响。（剑3,T2,R）Alltheseactivitiesmayhavedamagingimpacts.Have/bring/exertaninfluence/effect/impactonsth.,.,(2)后置定语（短语）,Euphemismsareunpleasanttruthswearingdiplomaticcologne.-QuentinCrisp(Britishwriter)=truthsthatweardiplomaticcologne.所谓委婉用语，其实就是给令人不快的事实涂上了外交辞令的香水。,.,【练1/5】世界的城市面临着巨大的问题。（剑3,T4,R）【基本表达】Theworldscitiesarefacingimmenseproblem.【分词表达】thescopeoftheproblemfacingtheworldscitiesisimmense.,.,【练2/5】Inaland_(被台风席卷的）and_(被地震摇晃的）,howhaveJapanstallestandseeminglyflimsiestoldbuildingsremainedstandingforcenturies?(剑7，T2，R）SweptbytyphoonShakenbyearthquake,.,【练3/5】蚕茧是用于蚕布生产的原材料。（剑6,T3,W）cocoonThecocoonsaretherawmaterialusedfortheproductionofsilkcloth.,.,【练4/5】newsfromYahooPolicehuntingthekillerofapart-timepoliceofficerstabbed（刺杀）outsideherhomeinnorthwestLondonareseekingamanwearingahoodedtop（有兜帽的上衣）seenrunningawayfromthescene.Policeareseekingaman.Police,thekiller,apart-timepolice,her,aman,.,【练5/5】Themostbafflingstatementin2003（2003年度最令人摸不着头脑的话语）-FootinMouthaward(语无伦次奖）-theUSDefenceSecretaryDonaldRumsfeld),.,Reportsthatsaysomethinghasnthappenedarealwaysinterestingtome,becauseasweknow,thereareknownknowns;therearethingsweknowweknow.Wealsoknowthereareknownunknowns;thatistosayweknowtherearesomethingwedonotknow.Buttherearealsounknownunknowns-theoneswedontknowwedontknow.”,.,(三)作补语,分词充当句子的补足语一般仅限于用在感觉动词后：find,hear,smell,observe,watch,notice,.,Customer:Yourdogseemsveryfondofwatchingyoucuttinghair.Barber:Itisntthat.SometimesIsnipoffabitofacustomersear.,.,Face-swappingisaChineseculturalassetthatneedstobeprotected.InrecentyearswehaveseencasesoftraditionalChinesebrandsbeingpiratedorpatentedoverseas.AstheworldfocusesonintellectualpropertyprotectioninChina,wealsoneedtoprotectourownassets.“变脸”艺术是中国的文化财富，需要加以保护。近些年来，我们常常看到中国的传统品牌正在海外被盗版或被申请专利这样的事情发生。时下全世界都眼盯着中国的知识产权保护，我们也需要保护我们自己的文化资源。,.,(四)作状语,.,分词可作以下状语：时间，方式，原因，条件，结果，伴随状语等等。,.,1.条件状语【练1/2】Therefore,jogginganddieting,carriedtoextremes,canbehazardous.因此，慢跑和节食，若是太过度，就可能很危险。Carriedtoextremes=iftheyarecarriedtoextremes.,.,【练2/2】睡得很沉，如果被叫醒，睡眠者会迷迷糊糊，失去方向感。（剑5,G,TA,R）【基本表达】Ifheisawoken,【分词表达】IfawokenTheslumberissodeepthat,ifawoken,thesleeperwouldbeconfusedanddisorientated.,.,2.方式状语InItalianlegends,mermaidscomeashore,marrymen,andbearthemchildren.Butintimetheirmermaidwivesdeserttheirhusbandsandtaketheirchildrenawaytothedepthoftheocean.TheChinesesaythemermaidspasstheirtimeweaving.Whentheyweep,theirtearsturnintopearls.,.,3.伴随状语【练1/2】现在许多农民返回传统的种植方式，参照他们祖先的方式去处理各种特殊的病虫害问题。（剑3,T2,W）Nowmanyfarmershaverevertedtotraditionalfarmingmethods,referringtotheirancestorswaytohandlespecificpestofdiseaseproblems.,.,【练2/2】Theexpertsalwaysdisagreethelatterpointandbelievethat.(雅思写作）Theexpertsalwaysdisagreethelatterpoint,believingthat.,.,4.原因状语【练1/3】由于重病在身，他再也不能清楚地说话。【基本表达】becausehegotsickseriously,hewasnolongerabletospeakclearly.【分词表达】Gettingsickseriously,he.Affectedwithaseriousdisease,hewas.,.,【练2/3】因为想着肯定会迟到，布朗太太决定打的。【基本表达】becauseshethinkshemustbelate,MissBrowndecidedtotakeataxi.【分词表达】Thinkingshemustbelate,MissBrowndecidedtotakeataxi.,.,【练3/3】目光长远的人对困难泰然处之,因为他们知道时间往往使不可能的事情成为可能。Thosewhotakethelongviewarepatientwithdifficulties,becausetheyknowthattimeoftenmakestheimpossiblepossible.Thosewhotakethelongviewarepatientwithdifficulties,knowingthattimeoftenmakestheimpossiblepossible.,.,【知识点】状语从句-分词作状语,.,步骤：连词+主谓宾-doing/done1.在从句中找出动词2.判断动词与逻辑主语之间的关系.(主动：-ing;被动：-ed)3.宾：原封不动跟着动词。主：逻辑主语与主句主语是否一致，（一致:删；不一致:留）连词：可留可不留,.,【练1/3】Ifeverythingisconsidered,workislessboringthanamusingoneself.Everythingconsidered,workislessboringthanamusingoneself.,.,【练2/3】Hefiredandwoundedoneofthebandits.他开枪击中了一名歹徒。Hefired,woundingoneofthebandits.,.,【练3/3】现在很多小孩都在隔离中成长，受到父母的影响，把其他孩子视为竞争对手而不是朋友。（剑5,T3,W）Nowadays,manychildrengrowupinisolation,_.affectedbytheirparentstoviewothersascompetitorsnotfriends.,.,二，现在分词构成的独立成分,(1)Briefly(frankly,generally,personally,precisely,relatively)speaking,.,(2)分词+介词Judgingfrom,talkingof,allowingfor（考虑到）,Comingtothequestionof,Leavingaside,考虑到她缺乏经验，她能做成这样已经很不错了。Allowingforherinexperience,shehasdoneagoodjob.,.,(3)分词+that从句,Seeingthat(=since既然）Consideringthat(=since既然）Supposingthat(=if如果）Grantingthat(=though尽管）Allowingthat(考虑到）,.,三，分词复合结构=独立主格结构,使用前提：逻辑主语主句主语使用范围：作状语，多用于书面语言。【结构】:(with)+John分词Johnshimhis,.,世道艰难,奋斗是唯一出路.Becausetheworldishard,struggleistheonlywayout.Theworldbeinghard,struggleistheonlywayout.,.,【练】从该图表中我们可以看到，在1970年，鱼和薯条的受欢迎程度是汉堡的两倍，披萨饼在当时是最不受欢迎的快餐。（剑1,T3,W）Fromthechartwecanseethat,in1970,fishandchipsweretwiceaspopularasburgers,_.KEY:withpizzabeingtheleastpopularfastfoodatthattime.,.,With+名词+分词,意义：一，表示伴随，补充说明，具体举例等。二，表示原因。,.,Londonwasfoundtobetheleastpunctualcity,with41percentofrespondentsadmittingthattheywerehardlyeverontime,comparedwiththenationalaverageof28percent.Cardiffwasthemostpunctualcitywhere19.8percentstatedthattheyweretypicallylate.DavidHolmes,asocialpsychologistatManchesterMetropolitanUniversity,said,“Goodtimekeepingisbecomingaforgottensocialetiquette,withanewgenerationconsideringlatenessthenormratherthanafauxpasthatshouldbeavoided.,.,【练】当被问到“你觉得自己是乐观的人还是悲观的人”时，53%的学生回答了“乐观”，而有21%的人选择了悲观，剩下的26%的人则回答“不确定“。Whenasked,“Doyouconsideryourselfanoptimisticorpessimisticperson?”53percentofthestudentsreplied“optimistic”,_,and26percent“unsure”.KEY:with21percentchoosing“pessimistic”,.,THEEND,复习,.,复习,语法功能（表语，定语、状语、补语）独立成分复合结构【课后作业】：P111,1-8,.,高分作文句子,.,【练1/2】看电影耗费时间。Watchingmovies（动名词作主语）istime-consuming.【知识点】:分词构成的合成形容词.【练2/2】减少私家车可以节省能源。Reducingtheprivatecars（动名词作主语）isenergy-saving.,.,分词构成的合成形容词,结构：n.(adj./adv.)-doing/doneEg:维和部队peacekeepforce？Peace-keepingforce&peace-keptforce,.,Peace-keepingforce,.,吃人的野兽maneatbeastMan-