一般现在时语法总结ppt课件.ppt

一般现在时,1,定义,一般现在时：表示通常性、规律性、习惯性的状态或者动作（有时间规律发生的事件）的一种时间状态,2,1.表示现在的状态：e.g.Hestwelve.Shesatwork.2.表经常或习惯性的动作：e.g.Igetupat6:30everyday.HereadsEnglisheverymorning.常用的状语：often,sometimes,usually,everyday等。3.表主语具备的性格和能力等：e.g.Shelikesnoodles.TheyspeakFrench.4.表示不受时间限制的普遍真理和自然规律：e.g.Twoandfourissix.Themoongoesaroundtheearth.,具体用法,3,具体用法,1.表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率的时间状语连用。(时间状语：always,usually,everymorning/night/evening/day/week/year,often,sometimes,seldom,onceamonth,onSundays)e.g.Ileavehomeforschoolat7:00everymorning.Hegetsupatsixinthemorning.,4,2.表示客观事实和普遍真理。e.gTheearthmovesaroundthesun.ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.3表示格言或警句中。e.gPridegoesbeforeafall.骄者必败。4.表示按规定、计划或时间表将要发生的事。e.gThetrainstartsat10oclockinthemorning.火车将在早上10点开出。Weleaveverysoon.我们很快就离开。这类用法限于表示“移动”的动词：go去，come来，leave离开，start出发，begin开始，arrive到达，takeoff起飞，等。,5,常用的时间状语,1.频度副词:sometimes(有时),often,always(总是),usually(通常),seldom,never(决不)twiceaweek,seldom,onceamonth,onSundays,2.inthemorning/afternoon/evening每周六onSaturdays每周日onSundays,3.everymorning/night/evening/day/week/year,e.g.Ileavehomeforschoolat7:00everymorning.Igetupat6:30everyday.HereadsEnglisheverymorning.,4.一次once两次twice三次threetimes一周两次twiceaweek每周四次fourtimesaweek,6,7,结构,结构1：主语+be（am/is/are）+其它陈述句：SheisfromAmerica.否定句：SheisnotfromAmerica.一般疑问句：IsshefromAmerica?肯定回答：Yes,sheis.否定回答：No,sheisnt.,一般现在时含有be动词变疑问、否定句的口诀：要变一般疑问句，be动词提前很容易。否定句，很简单，not在be动词后面站。,8,结构,结构2：主语+行为动词+其它陈述句结构：主语+行为动词+其它(但是当主语是第三人称单数时，行为动词+s/es/y改i加es)Wegotoschoolat7:00.ShestudiesEnglisheveryday.否定句结构：主语+dont/doesnt+动词原形+其它Wedontgotoschoolat7:00.ShedoesntstudyEnglisheveryday.疑问句结构：Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其它Doesshegotoschoolat7:00?肯定回答：Yes,shedoes.否定回答：No,shedoesnt.,一般现在时行为动词变疑问句口诀：一添、二改、三原、四问号。即一添Do/Does,二大写改小写，三动词用原形，四句末加“？”,一般现在时变否定句口诀：若是没有be动词，do,does加not要牢记。,9,1.如果主语是名词复数和第一人称I、we，第二人称you第三人称they谓语动词不用做任何变化，即仍然用动词原形表示：肯定句主语+动词原形+其他否定句主语+dont+动词原形+其他一般疑问句Do+主语+动词原形+其他例1)Weusuallygotoschoolat7:30.我们通常7:30上学去。go2)Myparentsgivetenyuantomysistereveryweek.我父母每星期给我妹妹十元钱。,10,2.主语是任何一个单数名词或者是第三人称单数，谓语动词要进行必要的变化。特别提一点：不可数名词也算作单数处理。肯定句:主语+动词的第三人称单数+其他否定句:主语+doesnt+动词原形+其他一般疑问句:Does+主语+动词原形+其他肯定回答:Yes，主语+does否定回答:No，主语+doesnt特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句,11,一般现在时,动词的第三人称单数形式(一般现在时第三人称单（he,she,it),1.一般情况词尾加-s：reads,writes2.以ch,sh,s,x,结尾的词加-es：watches,washes,guesses,goes.3.以辅音字母+y结尾的词变y为i,再加-es:cry-cries,study-studies,以辅音字母+O结尾的词，一般情况是在词尾加esgoesdoes.特殊is-arehas-have,12,1、一般动词，在词尾加s;如：work-works,live-lives,play-plays,sing-sings.eg:ShelivesinNingbo.她住在宁波。2、以/s/z/等音素结尾的动词，词尾加-es，如词尾为e，只加-s.读作/iz/如：teach-teaches,wash-washes.eg:Mymotherwashesthecoat.我母亲洗了大衣。,行为动词do一般现在时第三人称单（he,she,it)的构成规则：,动词变化规律,13,3.以辅音字母加y结尾的词，把y变i在加es，读作Z,Studyfly,studies,flies,4.以辅音字母+O结尾的词，一般情况是在词尾加es读作Z,godo,goes,does,5.特殊情况：,havehas,14,EX21.Tomoften_(get)upatsixinthemorning2.Theearth_(go)aroundthesun.3.Marysparent_(live)inBeijing.4.She_(draw)verywell.,Ex1.写出下列词的单三形式：look;go;give;fly;have,looks;goes;gives;flies;has,gets,goes,lives,draws,15,特殊疑问句,特殊疑问词：what（什么）,when,whattime（什么时间）,who（谁）,where（在哪里）,why（为什么）,how（怎样）,howmany+可数名词的复数（多少），howlong（多长时间）,howoften（多久一次）which(哪一个）等,定义：含有特殊疑问词的句子叫特殊疑问句,一般现在时变否定句口诀：若是没有be动词，do,does加not要牢记。,16,一、疑问词+一般疑问句句序：Whereareyoufrom?Imfromthenorth.Whatdoyouwant?Iwantthebooksonyourdesk.,特殊疑问句的语序,17,二，与陈述句的语序同：（疑问词作主语或修饰主语)Whogivesyouthepresent.Mr.Wanggivesmethepresent.Whatisinthebox?Whichismine?Whosebookisonthedesk?,18,一般现在时,Summary（小结）一般现在时顺口溜第一、二人称和复数，动词原形不变换。当主语是三单时，动词后加s(es)别忘怀。要变一般疑问句，be动词提前很容易。若是没有be动词，Do和Does开头要注意。否定句，很简单，not在be动词后面站。若是没有be动词，do,does加not要牢记。,19,一般现在时,Completethepassage.（用括号内词的适当形式填空）I_(be)astudent.I_(be)fromChinaMrWei_(be)myEnglishteacher.He_(speak)Englishwellandhe_(work)hardalot.I_(like)Englishverymuch.Lucy_(be)myfriend.She_(be)fromAmerica.She_(notspeak)Chinesewell.We_(notlike)football.We_(be)goodfriends.,am,am,is,speaks,works,like,is,is,doesntspeak,dontlike,are,20,Tomgoestoschooleverydaybybike.1.就Tom提问2.就goestoschool提问3.就bybike提问,Ex.请做练习。,1.Whogoestoschooleverydaybybike?,2.WhatdoesTomdoeverydaybybike?,3.HowdoesTomgotoschooleveryday?,21,V选择疑问句,选择疑问句:(直接回答，与YES和NO无关）1Doessheworkinafactoryorinanoffice?2Whichdoyoulikebest,football,basketballorvolleyball?Eg:Doessheplayfootballorbasketball?A.Yes,shedoesB.sheplaysfootball.C.No,shedoesnt,22,some、any,一般说来，some用于肯定句中，any用于否定句和疑问句中。,改疑问句或否定句时，原句里的some要改成any,Therearesomebooksonthedesk.(改为否定句),Therearentanybooksonthedesk.,Arethereanybooksonthedesk?,23,Whynotbuysomeapples?为什么不买些苹果呢?Wouldyoulikesomemoreapples?你要不要再吃点苹果?,注意：在表示建议或希望得到肯定回答时，some可用于疑问句，不用变成any.,24,andor,变否定句时，and要变成or,Thereissomeairandwateronthemoon.,Thereisntanyairorwateronthemoon.,Hehassomebrothersandsisters.,Hedoesnthaveanybrothersorsisters.,25,在否定句当中，too要改为either,Ilikeeatingapples,too.,Idontlikeeatingapples,either.,26,三、仿造示例完成句子，用上but和and。,Module:Jack,rideabike,rideahorse.Jackcanrideabike,buthecantrideahorse.Jackcanrideabikeandhorse.,Betty,rideabike,swim_,Bettycanrideabike,buthecantswim.,Bettycanrideabikeandswim.,27,含be或情态动词一般疑问句的改写,秘诀：一调二改三问号一调：即把句中的be或情态动词调到主语前；二改：改换主语称谓，即将句中的主语Imymineweourours等第一人称分别改为相应的第二人称youyouryours等；三问号：句末的句号改为问号,28,第二家族：含行为动词（或称为实义动词）一般疑问句的改写,秘诀：一加二改三问号一加：即在句首加助动词Do或Does；二改：1、把谓语动词改为原形；2、改换主语称谓（同第一家组）；三问号：句末的句号改为问号。,29,30,对划线部分提问3.ItsWednesdaytoday.4.Hisfavouritesportisbasketball.5.MybrotherworksinShenzhen.6.OneofmyclassmatescomesfromAustralia.7.Lucyusuallygetsupat6:30inthemorning.,Whatdayisittoday?,Whatshisfavouritesport?,Wheredoesyourbrotherwork?,Wheredoesoneofyourclassmatescomefrom?,WhendoesLucygetupinthemorning?,31,Idomyhomework.(用He改写),Hedoeshishomework.,Shedoesherhomework.(用we改写),Wedoourhomework.,Tomdoeshishomework.(用they改写),Theydotheirhomewrk.,32,II一般现在时的否定式,1.Be动词的否定式:be+not,Iamateacher.YouareaworkerSheisadoctorWearefriends.,ImnotateacherYouarentaworkerSheisntadoctor.Wearentfriends.,isnot=isntarenot=arent,否定句,33,否定句型,1.谓语动词或助动词是be、have或者情态动词can/may/must等，在将助动词后加not.Iamnotatcollege.Mr.Wangisnt50yearsold.TheJacksonsdoesnthavetwosons.Youmaynotgonow.,34,2.谓语动词是实义动词，是在谓语动词前加donot或doesnot，谓语动词改用动词原型。Idonthavelunchathome.Theydontplaybasketballonthesportsground.Mr.JimmydoesntknowFrench.,35,Ex1.将下列各句从肯定式改为否定式,ItalktoPeterbecauseIlikehim.KatecomesfromAmerica.KateworkswithPeterIamChinese,andIamastudent.Theyknoweachother.,IdonttalktoPeterbecauseIdontlikehim.,KatedoesntcomefromAmerica.KatedoesntworkwithPeter.,IamnotChinese,andIamnotastudent,Theydontknoweachother.,36,疑问句型,1.对于谓语动词或助动词是be、have、can/may/must等，将这些词移到主语前面。Areyoustudents？Yes,weare./No,wearent.IsJaneintheclassroom?Yes,heis./No,heisnt.Doesthehousehavetworooms?Yes,itdoes/No,itdoesnt.Isthereanywaterintheglass?Yes,thereis./No,thereisnt.Canyouswim?Yes,Ican./No,Icant.,37,2.谓语动词是实义动词，方法是在主语前加助动词do或does构成，句中动词要改用原型动词。do用于第一人称和名词复数，does用于第三人称单数和名词单数或不可数名词。Doyouknowit？Yes,Ido./No,Idont.Doesshehaveapen？Yes,shedoes./No,shehasnt.have这里是实义动词Dotheyplaybasketballafterschool?Yes,theydo./No,theydont.,38,概念：用yes或no来回答的疑问句叫做一般疑问句。,III一般疑问句,Iamateacher.Youareaworker.Heisastudent.Wearefriends.,1.对于BE动词，疑问句要求把BE提前，第一人称的单数和复数（I/WE），第一变成第二人称。,疑问句,Areyouateacher?Areyouaworker?Isheastudent?Areyoufriends?,39,