高英第五册unit10部分ppt.ppt

TheAuthor,AlvinToffler(bornOctober4,1928inNewYorkCity)isanAmericanwriterandfuturist,knownforhisworksdiscussingthedigitalrevolution,communicationrevolution,corporaterevolutionandtechnologicalsingularity.Hismostfamousworksarehisfuturetrilogy,FutureShock,TheThirdWaveandPowershift.Accenture,themanagementconsultancyfirm,hasdubbedhimthethirdmostinfluentialvoiceamongbusinessleaders,afterBillGatesandPeterDrucker.HehasalsobeendescribedintheFinancialTimesasthe“worldsmostfamousfuturologist.”PeoplesDailyclasseshimamongthe50foreignersthatshapedmodernChina.,AlvinToffler(2006)Bornin1928(age83)NewYorkCity,Hisideas,Tofflerexplains,“Societyneedspeoplewhotakecareoftheelderlyandwhoknowhowtobecompassionateandhonest.Societyneedspeoplewhoworkinhospitals.Societyneedsallkindsofskillsthatarenotjustcognitive;theyreemotional,theyreaffectional.Youcantrunthesocietyondataandcomputersalone.”Tofflerisalsofrequentlycitedasstating:Tomorrowsilliteratewillnotbethemanwhocantread;hewillbethemanwhohasnotlearnedhowtolearn.,ChenXianmei,a48yearoldwomanwhoisveryhelpful,hasbeenrewardedasoneofthemostbeautifulChinese.,Muchmorehelpfulpeopleareneededtotakecareoftheworld.Xiaoyueyuessufferinggivesusanawfulmorallesson.,HisMostFamousWork:TheThirdWave,HismostfamousworkishisbookTheThirdWaveTofflerdescribesthreetypesofsocieties,basedontheconceptof“waves”eachwavepushestheoldersocietiesandculturesaside.FirstWaveisthesocietyafteragrarianrevolutionandreplacedthefirsthunter-gatherercultures.SecondWaveisthesocietyduringtheIndustrialRevolution(ca.late17thcenturythroughthemid-20thcentury).ThemaincomponentsoftheSecondWavesocietyarenuclearfamily,factory-typeeducationsystemandthecorporation.Tofflerwrites:“Youcombinethosethingswithstandardization,centralization,concentration,andsynchronization,andyouwindupwithastyleoforganizationwecallbureaucracy.”ThirdWaveisthepost-industrialsociety.Hecoinedlotsofwordstodescribeitandmentionsnamesinventedbyhim(super-industrialsociety)andotherpeople,whichtovariousdegreespredicteddemassification,diversity,knowledge-basedproduction,andtheaccelerationofchange.,FutureShock,FutureShockisabookwrittenbythefuturistAlvinTofflerin1970.Inthebook,Tofflerdefinesthetermfutureshockasacertainpsychologicalstateofindividualsandentiresocieties.Hisshortestdefinitionforthetermisapersonalperceptionoftoomuchchangeintooshortaperiodoftime.Thebook,whichbecameaninternationalbestseller,grewoutofanarticleTheFutureasaWayofLifeinHorizonmagazine,Summer1965issue.Thebookhassoldover6millioncopiesandhasbeenwidelytranslated.Adocumentaryfilmbasedonthebookwasreleasedin1972withOrsonWellesason-screennarrator.Anditisfromthisbookthatourtextistaken.,Dictionarywork,Para.1Adored:vt.loveintensely1.崇拜;热爱；爱慕（某人）Theyadoredherasalivinggoddess.他们把她当作活女神崇拜。2.非常喜欢Youwilladorethisfilm.你将十分喜欢这部电影。Eminenteminntadj.distinguished,闻名的,卓越的,显赫的(品德)优秀的,突出的高的,巍峨的beeminentamongonescontemporaries在同代人中是杰出的eminentasasculptor卓越的雕刻家eminentsouls社会名流eminentpeaks巍峨的山峰,Dictionarywork,Dress-upableadj.可打扮装饰的Para.2Figurefin.轮廓;体形;隐约可见的人影;插图;图表形象;人物;身分;地位aslenderfigure苗条的身段ahalf-lengthfigure半身像makeafinefigure崭露头角;放异采,引人注目,超群出众vi.计算；出现；扮演角色figureout解决；算出；想出；理解；断定figurein算进；包括进figureas扮演角色It/Thatfigures.有道理，合乎情理humanoidhju:mnidadj.类人的n.人形机器人；类人动物；人猿,Dictionarywork,trade-inn.折旧贴换交易；以旧折价换新thetrade-invalueofacar一辆汽车的以旧换新抵价Doyouhaveatrade-in?你有折价的旧物品吗？tradetreidn.交易；行业；职业vi.交易；以物易物tradeonsth(为私不公正的)利用tradedown低价消费tradeinsthwithsb做生意Thefirmopenlytradedinarms.这家公司公开卖军火。vt.用进行交换totradesecrets互换秘密,Dictionarywork,para.3fundamental,fndmentladj.基本的；根本的fundamentalprinciple基本原则fundamentalpoint基本点；基点；原点n.usuallypl.基本规律；根本法则；基本原理；基础Hetaughtmethefundamentalsofthejob.他教给我这工作的基本知识。para.4texturetekstn.质地；纹理；结构；本质，实质surfacetexture表面纹理；表面构造iridescent,iridesntadj.彩虹色的；闪光的theperfectiridescentpinknailpolish闪光的粉红指甲油,Dictionarywork,staggeringstriadj.蹒跚的；令人惊愕的；犹豫的staggerstvi.蹒跚；摇摇晃晃地走Hestaggeredhome,drunk.他喝醉酒，踉跄着回了家。staggerundertheweight(of)在地重压下Thecompanyisstaggeringundertheweightofa10mdebt.公司在1000万英镑债务的重压下举步维艰。vt.使震惊；使错开；使交错Herremarksstaggeredme.她的话让我震惊。Thereweresomanyrunners,thattheyhadtostaggerthestart.赛跑选手过多，他们必须把起跑时间错开。n.蹒跚着走cityscapesitiskeipn.都市风景；城市风景画,Dictionarywork,intimateintimtadj.亲密的；私人的（常指性方面的）；精通的；适合幽会的anintimateknowledgeoftheEnglishcountryside对英国乡村的透彻了解intimatewithsb(farmaloflaw)与暧昧不清的onintimatetermswithsb与关系亲密/来往密切Wearentonintimatetermswithourneighbours.我们和邻居来往不多。n.知己；至交vt.暗示；通知；宣布intimatesthtosb(formal)透露；暗示Hehasalreadyintimated(that)heintendstoretire.他已暗示他打算退休。para.5deridediraidvt.取笑，嘲笑，愚弄，嘲弄,Dictionarywork,deridesb/sthassth嘲笑Hisviewswerederidedasold-fashioned.他的观点被当作旧思想遭到嘲弄。utilityju:tiltin.实用；效用；公共设施adj.实用的；通用的；有多种用途的；公用事业的foreshortenf:tnvt.(technical)(绘画、摄影等)用透视法缩小或缩短(written)提前结束；缩短；节略acceleratekselreitvi.加速；加快eg.Therunnersacceleratedsmoothlyaroundthebend.赛跑运动员在转弯处顺势加速。vt.加速Exposturetothesuncanacceleratetheageingprocess.暴露在日光下会加速老化过程。,Dictionarywork,para.6breedbri:dvi.繁殖；饲养；产生vt.繁殖；饲养；养育，教育；引起breedsthfor/assth饲养；培育breedsthintosbuauallypassive以方式教育；使养成Fearoffailurewasbredintohimatanearlyage.他从小就养成了对失败的恐惧。n.生物品种；种类，类型arearbreed凤毛麟角；极少见apurebreed纯种clutchkltvt.紧握；抱紧Shestoodthere,theflowersstillclutchedinherhand.她站在那里，手里仍然紧握者花束。,Dictionarywork,vi.紧抓；紧握clutchatsb/sth（因害怕或痛苦）突然抓住Hegaspedandclutchedhisstomach.他喘着气突然按住自己的胃部。Fearclutchedatherheart.她突然感到一阵恐惧袭上心头。n.抓住；控制clutches控制；掌管eg.Hemanagedtoescapefromtheirclutches.他设法摆脱了他们的控制。clutchbag（Amealsoclutch）（尤指出席正式场合用的）女士小手提包lingerlivi.徘徊；苟延残喘；磨蹭lingeron继续存留；缓慢消失Thefaintsmellofherperfumelingeredonintheroom.房间里仍飘逸着她淡淡的香水味。,Dictionarywork,lingeron苟延残喘；奄奄一息Helingeredonforseveralmonthsaftertheheartattack.他心脏病发作后又拖延了几个月才去世。lingeronsb/sth持续看（或思考）Hiseyeslingeredonthediamondringonherfinger.他的目光滞留在她手指的钻戒上。lingeringliriadj.拖延的；逗留的；留恋的;缓慢消失的Lingeringprejudicemakeslifeharderformanyblackjobapplicants.歧视现象依然存在，增加了黑人就业难度。disintegratedisintireitvt.使分解；使碎裂；使崩溃；使衰变Thebombdisintegratedourbuilding.炸弹把我们的大楼炸得粉碎。vi.粉碎，碎裂，分裂，分化，分解Theoldbookisgraduallydisintegratingwithage.这本旧书因长年翻阅正在逐渐破损。,Dictionarywork,sheeriadj.多的；完全的；陡峭的，几乎垂直的；（织物）薄的、透明的onlybeforenoun（用来强调事物的大小、程度或数量）eg.Theareaisunderthreatfromthesheernumberoftouristsusingit.这一地区由于游客人数太多而面临威胁。onlybeforenoun完全的；纯粹的；十足的sheernonsense一派胡言eg.Ionlyagreedoutofsheerdesperation.我一时情急才同意的。sheercliffs/slopes悬崖峭壁，陡坡adv.垂直的；陡峭的v.sheeraway/offfromsth急转以避开某物Hermindsheeredawayfromimagesshedidnotwishtodwellon.她有意不去想那些她不愿多想的事情。transience/transiencytrnzinsn.短暂；无常；顷刻,Dictionarywork,Theresultisacultureoftransienceanddisposability.结果就是一种稍纵即逝的文化，一种随意弃置的文化。para.7bynomeans/noway/notintheleast/undernocircumstances/innocase/anythingbut决不clipklipn.回形针；首饰别针；修剪；电影片段；atarapid/fast/good/stedyclip迅速地；很快地ruthlessru:lisadj.无情的，残忍的，冷酷的NotthattheAmericanswereruthless,hesays.他说，这倒不是美国人不讲人情。eliminateilimineitvt.消除；排除；省略；体育(比赛中)淘汰，刷掉eliminatenoise消除噪声,Dictionarywork,eliminateilliteracy扫盲，扫除文盲Wehaveeliminatedallstatisticaltables.我们删去了全部统计表格。inextricableinekstrikbladj.逃脱不掉的；（绳结等）解不开的；纠缠的；使人困惑的；极端复杂的Becausethegirlhadnotcombedherhairfordaysshefounditinaninextricabletangle.由于好几天没梳头，女孩发现她的头发纠结一团。inextricablyadv.逃不掉地；解不开地；解决不了地embedimbedvt.栽种；使嵌入；使深留脑中Sheembeddedthebulbsinaboxofsand.她把球茎栽在一盘沙土中。agoldcrownembeddedwithjewels一顶嵌有珠宝的金冠Hisnameliesembeddedinthemindsofmillionsofpeople.他的名字铭刻在千百万人的心中。para.8counterto与相反；与背道而驰Hisopinioniscountertomine.他的意见和我的正相反。,Dictionarywork,steepsti:padj.陡峭的；不合理的；夸大的；急剧升降的asteepdeclineinthebirthrate出生率的骤降vt.浸泡；沉浸besteepedin深深浸淫；饱含（某品质）acitysteepedinhistory历史古城steeponeselfin沉浸于；潜心于TheyspentamonthsteepingthemselvesinChineseculture.他们花了一整月时间潜心研究中国文化。disposabledispuzbladj.可任意处理的；可自由使用的；用完即可丢弃的;可支配的disposableincome可支配收入disposablechopsticks一次性筷子disposablediaper一次性尿片，纸尿裤,Dictionarywork,n.用后便扔的物品，一次性物品，不回收的物品(尤指用过的瓶、罐等容器)whatabouttheenvironmentalimpactofdisposablesproductionanduse?一次性用品的生产和使用会对环境造成什么样的冲击？para.9astoundstaundvt.使震惊，使惊愕，使惊骇，使大惊，使大吃一惊：beastoundedat/by对很吃惊astoundedstaundidadj.受惊骇的；被震惊的TheastoundedLancelotaskedwhathadhappened.兰斯洛特惊呆了，赶紧问发生了什么事。awe:vt.使敬畏；使畏怯Themajestyoftheskyscraperawedme.这幢摩天大厦的雄伟气势令我惊叹。n.惊叹；敬畏；敬佩be/standinaweof对敬畏；对望而生畏,Dictionarywork,Westandinaweofthecourageofthebeginninglearner.我们对于初学者的勇气充满敬仰。toawesomeoneintosilence/obedience使某人敬畏(或畏怯、惊奇)得说不出话来/吓得某人乖乖服从loandbehold你瞧;看哪（表示惊讶的感叹词）Loandbehold,theprodigalsonreturns.浪子回头了啊，儿子。unsanitary,nsnitriadj.不卫生的；对健康有害的；不清洁的亦作insanitarycoatkutn.外套；上衣；表层vt.覆盖的表面；给穿上外衣Theflooriscoatedwithvarnish.地板上涂了一层清漆。commonplacekmnpleisn.老生常谈；司空见惯的事；普通的东西adj.平凡的；陈腐的,Dictionarywork,para.10quasi-kwzicombiningform（构成形容词或名词）类似的quasi-paper类似纸的quasi-scientific类似科学的半的；差不多的quasi-official半官方的breathtakingbre,teikiadj.惊人的；惊险的；令人激动的Theviewofthesunsetthereistrulybreathtaking.那里的日落的确是激动人心的景观。breathtakinglyadvsumptuoussmptjusadj.华丽的，豪华的；奢侈的OnNewYearsEvethewholefamilyhadasumptuousfeastofreunion.除夕之夜，一家人吃了一顿丰富的团圆饭。,Dictionarywork,pajamapd:mn.睡衣；宽松长裤睡衣的其他表达：sleepcoat(男式)长睡袍nightclothes睡衣nightgown睡袍；睡衣nightdress女式睡衣；孩子穿的睡衣jams宽短裤；短裤睡衣para.11spillspilvt.泼出；使溢出；涌出spillsthout涌出；倾诉；说出（真相、内情等）tospillthesoupoutdownthetable把汤洒到了餐桌上eg.Hasshebeenspillingouthertroublestoyouagain?她是不是又向你诉苦了？,Dictionarywork,spillthebeans(informal)泄露秘密；说漏嘴vi.涌出Thedoorsopenedandpeoplespilledintothestreet.门开了，人们涌上街道。spillover溢出；波及eg.Thewaterspilledoverfromthebottle.水从瓶子里溢了出来。Unresthasspiltoverintoareasoutsidethecity.骚乱已波及到城市周边地区。n.洒出；泼出；溢出oilspill漏油；浮油chemicalspill化学溢出物；化学品溢漏benignbinainadj.仁慈的，慈祥的，和蔼的；(气候)宜人的，温和的；有利的，有益的；(土壤)松软的，宜于耕种的;医学(肿瘤等)良性的，非恶性的benignlyadv.亲切地；仁慈地,Dictionarywork,para.12A-lineadj.(服装)呈A字形的，(女子衣裙)钟形的，上紧下摆的，上身紧下身张开的，上窄下宽的，狭肩宽下摆的WhatdoyouthinkofthisblackA-linedresswiththecaramelzip-frontjacket?你觉得这条褐色A字裙配这样黄褐色的前拉锁夹克怎么样?n.A字形(或钟形)女装；A字形(或钟形)女装裁剪法devil-may-caredevlmeikadj.不顾一切的；漫不经心的；随遇而安的；不拘俗套的Hisdevil-may-caresenseofhumormadehimafamouscomedian.他那漫不经心的幽默感，使他成为一著名的喜剧演员。para.13radicallyrdikliadv.(从)根本上;彻底，完全;过激地，以激进的方式,Dictionarywork,NorshouldthepositiveimpactoncarmakersinbothAmericaandEuropeofaradicallyslimmeddownGMbeunderestimated.通用大幅缩水对欧美汽车制造商的积极影响不应被低估。spanspnn.跨度，跨距；范围一段时间；lifespan寿命；使用期限timespan时间跨度longspanbridge长跨桥；大跨径桥supplantspl:ntvt.1.(以暴力、阴谋等手段)排挤掉，撵走；篡夺的位置Hewashangedforplottingtosupplanttheking.他因阴谋篡夺皇位而被绞死。2.代替；取代：Mosthandlabourhasbeensupplantedbythecomputers.大多数手头工作已被计算机所取代。,BarbieisthefigureheadofabrandofMatteldollsandaccessories,includingotherfamilymembersandcollectibledolls.Barbiehasbeenanimportantpartofthetoyfashiondollmarketforfiftyyears,andhasbeenthesubjectofnumerouscontroversiesandlawsuits,ofteninvolvingparodyofthedollandherlifestyle.,Barbie,createdbyRothHandler,isafashiondollmanufacturedbytheAmericantoy-companyMattel,Inc.andlaunchedinMarch1959.AmericanbusinesswomanRuthHandleriscreditedwiththecreationofthedollusingaGermandollcalledBildLilliasherinspiration.,ControversyaboutBarbie,Barbiespopularityensuresthathereffectontheplayofchildrenattractsahighdegreeofscrutiny.ThecriticismsleveledatherareoftenbasedontheassumptionthatchildrenconsiderBarbiearolemodelandwillattempttoemulateher