情态动词基本用法PPT课件

-,1,Whatare情态动词(modalverbs)?,情态动词的特点情态动词有一定的意义无人称和数的变化通常不带to,后接动词原形表示说话人的语气或情绪,-,2,情态动词备考方向:,1.各情态动词的基本用法;2.易混淆情态动词的辨析;3.情态动词在特定语境中的用法4.虚拟语气中情态动词的用法.,-,3,Howmanymodalverbscanyouremember?,modalverbs,can/could,may/might,shall/should,must,need,dare,oughtto,usedto,have/hadto,will/would,-,4,1.can/could,1)表示能力Hecanplaytabletennisquitewell.2)表示事物一时的特征,理论上的可能性Itsalwayswarmhere,butsometimesitcanbeverycold.Hesgood-tempered.However,hecanbehardtodealwithwhenoffended.Evenanexperiencedteachercanmakemistakes.,-,5,3)表示许可/允诺-Can/CouldTomusethecar?-Yes,hecan.Youcanhavemyseat.Iamgoingnow.4)表示推测1)-Someoneisknockingatthedoor.Whocanitbe?CanitbeScarlet?-No,itcantbeher.ShecalledfromTokyojustnow.2)Hecannothaveforgottenit.3)Theaccidentcouldhavebeenavoided.,-,6,2.may/might,1)表示请求许可-May/MightIcomein?-Yes,youmay.2)表示可能性的推测Herappearancehaschangedsomuchthatyoumaywellnotrecognizeher.Itssolate.Ithinghemay/mighthavegonetobed.Youmighthavegivenhimmorehelp,butwhydidntyou?3)may用于祈使句表示祝愿Mayyousucceed!Mayyoureturninsafe!,-,7,3.must,1.必须MustIsay“sorry”?Yes,youmust./No,youneednt.Youmustseeadoctor.2.猜测“肯定,准是”ShemustbewatchingTVnow.Theremustbesomemistake.Itmusthaverainedlastnight.Thegroundissowet.3.“偏要,硬要”Ifyoumustsmoke,pleasegoout.4.否定,表示“禁止”Youmustntplaywithfire.Youmayhurtyourself.,-,8,must对比haveto,1)两词都是必须的意思，haveto表示客观的需要，must表示说话人主观上的看法，既主观上的必要。Mybrotherwasveryill,soIhadtocallthedoctorinthemiddleofthenight.Hesaidthattheymustworkhard.2)haveto有人称、数、时态的变化，而must只有一种形式。Hehadtolookafterhissisteryesterday.3）在否定结构中：donthaveto表示“不必”mustnt表示“禁止”Youdonthavetotellhimaboutit.Youmustnttellhimaboutit.,-,9,4.Shall的用法,(1).Shall常用于第一人称表示简单的将来Whenshallwellmeetagain?IshallhavefinishedmyhomeworkbyFriday.(2)shall用于第二，三人称表示：允诺或强烈的意志Itshallbedoneasyouwish.Youshallgetabikeasyourbirthdaypresent.B.肯定会发生的事情Thatdayshallcome.C.命令或必须执行之事ThislawshallhaveeffectinScotland.,-,10,(3)用于疑问句或表示提议的句子，请求听者决定之1)-Shallwegotogether?-Yes,lets.2)-ShallIgetyouachair?-Yes,please.3)-Shallthevisitorcomeinnow?-Idratherhecameinlater.,-,11,5.Should的用法,（）用于表示义务或责任Youshouldntdrinkanddrive.Visitorsshouldinformthereceptionistoftheirarrival.(2)用于表示劝告或推荐Heshouldstopsmoking.Youshouldntleavethebabyaloneinthehouse.Theyshouldhavecalledthepolice.(3)用于表示假定的结果IfIwasaskedtoworkonSundays,Ishouldresign.Weshouldmovetoalargerhouseifwehadthemoney.,-,12,Should的用法,(4).用于形容词anxious,sorry,concerned,happy,delighted等后接的从句中Wearesorrythatyoushouldfeeluncomfortable.Thatheshouldspeaktoyoulikethatisquiteastonishing.(5).用于if和incase引导的从句表示某事不太可能Ifyoushouldchangeyourmind,doletmeknow.Shouldanyonetelephone,pleasetellthemImbusy.,-,13,(6).用于sothat和inorderthat之后表示目的或动机Heputthecasesinthecarsothatheshouldbeabletomakeanearlystart.Herepeatedtheinstructionsslowlyinorderthatheshouldunderstand.(7)用于表示请求的客气说法Ishouldliketomakeaphonecall,ifpossible.Weshouldbegratefulforyourhelp.,-,14,(8).用于表达不成熟的意见Ishouldsayshesoverforty.IshouldimagineItwilltakeaboutthreehours.(9).与疑问词连用表示不感兴趣，难以置信等HowshouldIknow?Whyshouldhethinkthat?Iturnedroundonthebusandwhoshouldbesittingbehindmebutmyex-wife.,-,15,oughtto和should,1)oughtto：比should语气强烈,一般用于肯定和否定句Theyoughttobetherebynow.Yououghtnottobelateagain.oughttohavedonesth.=shouldhavedonesth.本应该做某事而没有.oughtnottohavedonesth.=shouldnothavedonesth.本不应该做某事而做了.Theyoughttohavehandedinthepaperyesterday.他们本应当昨天交论文。Yououghtnottohavewastedyourtime.,-,16,7.可兼做行为动词的情态动词：need、dare,情态动词(+动词原形),行为动词,.,need,dare,1.无人称和数的变化;,2.尤其用于：,*否定句及疑问句中;,*在if/whether之后;,*或与hardly,never,noone,nobody连用;,3.常以neednt和darent的形式出现;,4.dare有其过去时dared.,多用于肯定句;(sb.)needtododaretodo(sth.)needtobedone(sth.)needdoing,-,17,Idarentaskherforarise.Howdidyoudaretotellherthat?Iwonderwhetherhedarestandupinpublic.Idontknowhowshedarestowearthatdress.,7.dare,-,18,Doyouneedanyhelp?Iwonderwhetherheneedsenditimmediately.Ineedhardlytellyouthattheworkisdangerous.Thegardendoesntneedwateringatthemoment.Youneedntfinishthatworktoday.,7.need,-,19,判断正误:,Howdareyousaysuchathing?Howdareyoutosaysuchathing?,HedarenttospeakEnglishbeforesuchacrowd,didhe?HedarentspeakEnglishbeforesuchacrowd,darehe?,-,20,8.usedtodosth过去常常做某事,Iusedtogotothecinemaalot.Heusedtobeaheavysmoker,didnthe?Heusedtobeaheavysmoker,usednthe?,-,21,9.will,做助动词:表示单纯的将来)将Hewillbehomeatsix.他六点回家。做情态动词:1)(表示意志、意愿)愿,要Youwillcome,wontyou?你会来的,是不是?2)(表示经常性、习惯性)经常,惯于,总是Thesethingswillhappen.这种事总是要发生的。,-,22,9.would,助动词:(will的过去式,表示过去将来时)将Shesaidshewouldcome.情态动词:1)(表示意志)愿,要;偏要Itoldhertostopnagging,butshejustwouldntlisten.2.(表示过去的习惯)总是,总会Hewouldsitsilentforhours.3.(表示推测)大概,会Ithinkhewouldaccepttheinvitation.,-,23,4.(表示喜欢、意愿)愿意,要,想Iwouldliketohaveawordwithyou.5.(表示虚拟、假设、条件等)要,将要;会,就会IfIwereyounger,IwouldjoinyouintheexpeditiontotheAntarctic.Woulditbeconvenientforyoutoleavetomorrow?Wouldyoupleasecometonight?6.(表示愿望)但愿,要是.多好Iwishyouwouldntsmokeanymore.,-,24,广东高考情态动词考查方向:语法天空1)should在虚拟语气中的使用2)情态动词表推测的用法阅读理解情态动词在虚拟语气中的使用,-,25,广东高考情态动词考查方向:should在虚拟语气中的使用1)表示将来的较小的可能性Ifsheshouldknowit,shewouldtellme.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldstayindoors.2)Itishightimethatweshouldstartout.3)Itisstrangethatheshouldhaveactedtowardshisparentslikethat.Itisimportant/necessarythatweshouldlearnourmothertonguewell.,-,26,should在虚拟语气中的使用,表示要求,建议,命令,请求的从句:Itissuggested/advised/commanded/ordered/required/requested/proposedthatsb.shoulddosth.Sb.suggest/advise/thatsbshoulddosth.Mysuggestion/adviceisthatsbshoulddoHeputforwardthesuggestionthat,-,27,广东高考方向:表示推测情态动词的重要用法.,肯定的推测可能的推测否定的推测疑问的推测,must,对将来对现在对过去,情态动词,may,might,cant,couldnt,can,could,+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing,Youmustbewrong.Theymustbewaitingforsomeone.Hemusthaveknownaboutit.,Hemaycomebybus;Imnotsure.Thefarmersmaybeharvestingthecrops.Somethingbadmayhavehappened.,Youcantbeserious.Thereweresixpeopleinthecar.Itcanthavebeenacomfortablejourney.,CanMr.Brownbeathomenow?Canitbetrue?Canhehavepassedsuchadifficulttest?,-,28,1.Idontknowwheresheis.She_beinWuhan.2.Atthismoment,ourteacher_ourexampapers.这时，我们老师想必在批改试卷。3.Theroadiswet.It_lastnight.(rain),may,mustbemarking,musthaverained,考考你:,-,29,4.Peter_comewithustonight,butheisntverysureyet.A.mustB.mayC.canD.will5.Michael_beapoliceman,forheismuchtooshort.A.needntB.cantC.