2019_2020学年高中英语Unit3Understandingeachother课时跟踪练（四）（含解析）牛津译林版.docx

课时跟踪练(四) Project.单词拼写1With only a minority (少数人) supporting the plan, he had to give it up.2You believe that human beings are not fit to govern (管理) themselves.3In his life he gave an example of bravery (勇敢) and wisdom.4The wood had been carved (雕刻) into the shape of a flower.5Read the text carefully and get ready to retell (复述) the story.6It is known to us that Walt improved the steam (蒸汽) engine.7At the sight of an arrow (箭头) pointing to the right, we know we went in the right direction.8The teacher made it plain (清楚的) that whoever cheated in the exam would be punished.完成句子1他向我们明确表示他不想继续下去了。He made it plain to us that he didnt want to continue.2只要有可能，这家公司总是尽量考虑到环境问题。The company takes account of environmental issues whenever possible.3这是一个很小的国家，属于第三世界。This is a small country belonging to the Third World.4尽管累了，他还是继续在车间工作。Though tired, he went on working in the workshop.5解决这个问题超出了我的能力。Solving this problem was beyond my power.完形填空The Japanese have always loved fresh fish.But the 1 close to Japan doesnt hold many fish.So to 2 the Japanese population, fishing boats got 3 and went farther than ever.The farther the fishermen went, the longer it took to bring in the fish.If the boats 4 after several days, the fish were not 5 .The Japanese did not like the 6 .To solve this problem, fishing companies fixed freezers on their boats.They would catch the fish and 7 them at sea.Freezers 8 the boats to go farther and stay longer. 9 ， the Japanese could taste the difference 10 fresh and frozen fish and they did not like frozen fish.The frozen fish brought a lower 11 .Then fishing companies fixed fish tanks (大缸)The fish would be kept in the tanks, fin (鳍) to fin.After a little swimming around, the fish stopped moving.They were tired in the 12 tanks, but alive. 13 ， the Japanese could still taste the difference.Because the fish did not move for days, they lost their freshfish taste.The Japanese 14 fresh fish, not sluggish (迟钝的) fish.So 15 did Japanese fishing companies get freshtasting fish to Japan?To keep the fish fresh, the Japanese fishing companies 16 put the fish in the tanks.But they 17 a small shark to each tank.The shark eats a few fish, but most of the fish 18 lively.The fish are challenged (挑战)So it is with humans.Some of us are also living in a pond but most of the time 19 ， so we need a 20 in our life to keep us active.语篇解读：本文是说明文。日本人爱吃新鲜的鱼。远航捕鱼的渔船为了保持鱼的鲜味会在鱼缸里放入一条小鲨鱼来保证鱼的鲜活。人类也如此，枯燥乏味的生活中也需要这样一条“鲨鱼”来让我们时刻保持活力。1A.landBwaterCforest Dspace解析：选B因为周边水域中的鱼不多了，所以渔船才会远航捕鱼。2A.support BhelpCfeed Dsave解析：选C为了有足够的鱼养活日本人，渔船造得越来越大，也走得越来越远。3A.bigger BhigherCfaster Dlonger解析：选A参见上题解析。4A.left BreturnedCbroke Dtravelled解析：选B渔船走得越远，返回需要的时间就会越久。5A.clean BnaturalChealthy Dfresh解析：选D渔船捕到鱼后返回的时间稍长，鱼就会失去鲜美的味道。6A.taste BsmellCsight Dtouch解析：选A日本人不喜欢那种不新鲜的味道。7A.kill BcookCfreeze Dpack解析：选C为了解决这个问题，渔船上装上了冰箱，渔民将捕的鱼冰冻保存。8A.required BforcedCexpected Dallowed解析：选D冰箱使得渔船能够走得更远，在海上待的时间更长。9A.Besides BHoweverCInstead DIndeed解析：选B但是，日本人能够吃出新鲜的鱼和冻鱼之间的差别。他们不喜欢吃冻鱼。10A.between BbeyondCwithin Dwith解析：选A参见上题解析。11A.use BcostCprice Dspeed解析：选C日本人不喜欢吃冻鱼，买的人少了，自然冻鱼的价格就变低了。12A.special BdeepCdark Dcrowded解析：选D渔业公司不得不另想办法。他们在渔船上装上了大鱼缸。鱼放在鱼缸里，一条紧挨着一条。在这种拥挤的状态下，鱼很快就累得游不动了。13A.Finally BUnluckilyCStrangely DThankfully解析：选B虽然鱼不怎么游动了，但是还活着。不幸的是，日本人仍然能吃出这种鱼和新鲜的鱼不一样。14A.preferred BknewCshared Dserved解析：选A日本人更爱吃的是新鲜的鱼，不是迟钝的鱼。15A.where BwhyChow Dwhen解析：选C那么，日本的渔业公司该如何给日本人带去新鲜的鱼呢？16A.seldom BonlyCnever Dstill解析：选D最后，他们想到了一个办法。他们仍然将鱼放在鱼缸里，但是他们还在鱼缸里加入一条小鲨鱼。17A.show BaddCdevote Dintroduce解析：选B参见上题解析。18A.arrive BfinishCpass Descape解析：选A鲨鱼会捕食其他鱼，这导致其他鱼游来游去躲避鲨鱼的捕杀，这样就保证了大部分鱼在到达时仍然充满活力，新鲜十足。19A.weak BsickCsad Dtired解析：选D人类也有相似的情形。我们中有些人在一成不变的生活中变得乏累，失去活力。这时，我们也需要这样一条“鲨鱼”来让我们时刻保持活力。20A.freezer BtankCshark Dfish解析：选C参见上题解析。.阅读理解If native speakers of English are not to become international corporate pariahs (被社会遗弃者), they will need to learn how to speak global English in other words, to communicate with nonnative speakers.Displeasure at the complexity of native speakers English is widespread in international business.During a study carried out at Kone Elevators of Finland, one Finnish manager complained, “The British are the worst .It is much more difficult to understand their English than that of other nationalities.When we nonnative speakers of English talk, it is much easier to understand.We have the same limited vocabulary.”How can native speakers of English make themselves easier to understand and more likeable？The most obvious way is to learn someone elses language.The great benefit of learning other languages is that you have some idea of what nonnative speakers are up against.However, news this week that fewer than half of English schoolchildren are learning a foreign language suggests that this is not going to be a profitable route for many.So what should native English speakers do to make themselves better understood? First, slow down, but not to the point where members of your audience think you are supporting them.Second, avoid idiomatic and metaphorical (比喻性的) expressions: thats the way the cookie crumbles, people who live in glass houses should not throw stones, and the like.Jokes are a difficult area.You will not forget the silence that follows one that is found puzzling.On the other hand, when jokes work, they can be a huge success with a nonnative speaking audience.If you have learnt other languages, you will know that very few achievements are as satisfying as understanding your first foreign joke.Try a few out with your nonnative speaking audience; you will soon learn which ones are worth repeating.It is often unnecessary to avoid longer words such as “association” and “nationality”， which are common to the Romance languages and will be widely understood in Europe and Latin America.Listen to verbal responses for signs of whether you have been understood or not.Make sure your nonnative speaking colleagues have the chance to talk; they will often be rephrasing your words in an attempt to satisfy themselves that they have grasped what you said.Always remember that the greatest friend of the nonnative speaker is repetition.Find more than one way of getting your point across and summarize frequently.语篇解读：如果以英语为母语的人士不想被国际商业界遗弃，他们需要去学习如何讲通用英语，要学会和不是以英语为母语的人士沟通。本文就此问题作了分析，并提出了一些建议。1What does this passage show us?AThe complexity of English.BHow native speakers of English learn English.CHow native speakers of English improve themselves.DEnglish is getting more and more important.解析：选C主旨大意题。根据文章第一段内容可知，如果以英语为母语的人士不想被国际商业界遗弃，他们需要去学习如何讲通用英语换言之，就是和不是以英语作为母语的人士沟通，故答案选C。2The example of one Finnish manager in the second paragraph means that .Aother languages are easier than EnglishBits difficult for people to completely understand native EnglishCEnglish has the same limited vocabulary as other languagesDEnglish is the most difficult among all the languages解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It is much more difficult to understand their English than that of other nationalities.When we nonnative speakers of English talk, it is much easier to understand.”可知，以英语为母语的人士讲的英语是所有讲英语的人士中最难懂的。故答案选B。3Why does a nonnative speaker rephrasing your words?AThey want to keep them in mind.BThey dont understand them.CThey wish to draw more attention.DThey want to express they have understood.解析：选D推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“they will often be rephrasing your words in an attempt to satisfy themselves that they have grasped what you said”可知，他们常常会重复你说过的话，以此肯定自己已经理解了你表达的意思，故答案选D。4What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?ARepetition is the only way to learn a foreign language.BRepetition can contribute to the good comprehension.CThe nonnative speaker is good at repetition.DThe native and nonnative speakers have much in common.解析：选B句意理解题。根据文章倒数第二段和最后一段可知，人们常用重复的方式表示自己明白了对方的话，即使开始不明白，多重复几次后也可以从中理解含义，故答案选B。.语法填空How do hurricanes get their names?Names used to identify hurricanes arent arbitrary. Theyre named 1 the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) using a list of 21 names in alphabetical order.There are six lists used in turn so one list is only used every six years this can help avoid 2 (confuse). The list for 2018 wont be used again until 2024, but even then the list will be 3 (slight) different.“The only time that there is a change in the list is if a storm is so deadly or costly 4 the future use of its name on a different storm would be 5 (appropriate) for reasons of sensitivity，” the WMO said on 6 (it) website. For example, Harvey, Irma, Maria and Nate have been taken off the list after hurricanes with these names caused great harm. When names 7 (retire), a new name starting with 8 same letter is u