Ode to a Nightingale详细赏析ppt课件

.,OdetoaNightingale-JohnKeats,.,Questions,Doesthispoemexpressonlythespeakersrapturewhenhelistenstothewonderfulsongsofthenighingale?WhatisKeatssviewofrealityandfantasyasisrevealedinthepoem?Whatishisaestheticaimofthepoetry?,.,Background,OfKeatsssixmajorodesof1819,OdetoPsychewasprobablywrittenfirstandToAutumnwrittenlast.Sometimebetweenthesetwo,hewroteOdetoaNightingale.TheexactdateofitisunknownasKeatsdatedas“May1819”.ItisbasedonweatherconditionsandsimilaritiesbetweenimagesinthepoemandthoseinalettersenttoFannyBrawneonMayDay.,.,Background,KeatsfinishedtheOdeinjustonemorning,inBrawnesdescriptionreads:Inthespringof1819anightingalehadbuilthernestnearmyhouse.Keatsfeltatranquilandcontinualjoyinhersong;andonemorninghetookhischairfromthebreakfast-tabletothegrass-plotunderaplum-tree,wherehesatfortwoorthreehours.Whenhecameintothehouse,Iperceivedhehadsomescrapsofpaperinhishand,andthesehewasquietlythrustingbehindthebooks.Oninquiry,Ifoundthosescraps,fourorfiveinnumber,containedhispoeticfeelingsonthesongofthenightingale.,.,DominantthoughtsinKeatsOdes,1,natureisbeautiful2,therealmsofartandpoetryarewonderful3,thehumansocietycontainsinescapablemisery,.,DominantthoughtsinKeatsOdes,Theartisticaiminhispoetrywasalwaystocreateabeautifulworldofimaginationasopposedtothesordidrealityofhisday.Hesoughttoexpressbeautyinallofhispoems.Hispoetryisdistinguishedbysensuousnessandtheperfectionofform.Keatshasalwaysbeenknownasasensuouspoet.Hisabilitytoappealtothesensesthroughlanguageisvirtuallyunrivaled.,.,StanzaI,Myheartaches,andadrowsynumbnesspainsMysense,asthoughofhemlock1Ihaddrunk,Oremptiedsomedullopiate2tothedrains3Oneminutepast4,andLethe5-wardshadsunk:Tisnotthroughenvyofthyhappylot,Butbeingtoohappyinthinehappiness-Thatthou,lightwingedDryad6ofthetrees,Insomemelodiousplot7Ofbeechen8green,andshadowsnumberless9,Singestofsummerinfull-throatedease10,1，poison2，opium3，quaff,bottomup4，ago5，ariverinHadeswhosewaterscausedrinkerstoforgettheirpast6，woodnymph,referstonightingale7，wherenightingalesings8，beech：山毛榉树9，numberlessshadows：10，singfreely,.,Intertwineofthetwoimages,Thepoetfallsintoareveriewhilelisteningtoanactualnightingalesing.Hefeelsjoyandpain,anambivalentresponse.Pleasurecanbesointensethatparadoxicallyiteithernumbshimorcausespain.,raptureofthenightingale,forlornofthereality,.,StanzaII,O,foradraughtofvintage11!thathathbeenCooldalongageinthedeep-delved12earth,TastingofFlora13andthecountrygreen,Dance,andProvencalsong14,andsunburntmirth15!OforabeakerfullofthewarmSouth16Fullofthetrue,theblushfulHippocrene17,Withbeadedbubbles18winkingatthebrim,Andpurple-stainedmouth,ThatImightdrink,andleavetheworldunseen,Andwiththeefade19awayintotheforestdim20.,11,wishforwine12,digdeep13,flowergoddess,fragrance14,lovesong15,collocativeclash:themirthofthesunburntpeople16,metonymy:thewineinSouth17,afountainonMountHeliconsacredtotheMusesandbelievedtobeasourceofpoeticinspiration,referstowine18,aliteration:bead-likebubbles19,todisappeargradually20,rhyme,dimforest,.,Wantingtoescapefromthepainofajoy-painreality,thepoetbeginstomoveintoaworldofimaginationorfantasy.Helongsforwine.Thedescriptionofdrinkingandoftheworldassociatedwithwineisidealized,withtheimagesassociatingthewinewithsummer,countrypleasureandromanticprovence.,.,StanzaIII,Fadefaraway,dissolve21,andquiteforgetWhatthouamongsttheleaveshastneverknown,Theweariness,thefever,andthefretHere,wheremensitandheareachothergroan22;Wherepalsyshakesafew,sad,lastgreyhairs.Whereyouthgrowspale,andspectre-thin23,anddies;WherenuttothinkistobefullofsorrowAndleaden-eyed24despairs;WhereBeautycannotkeepherlustrous25eyes,OrnewLovepineatthembeyondto-morrow26.,21、disappear22、moanduetopain23、skinnyasaghost24、notlively,dulleyes25、radiant26、hyperbole:themrefersto“herlustrouseyes”,thenewlovecannotbeforever.,.,Thepoetusestheword“fade”inthelastlineofstanzaIIandinthefirstlineofthisstanzatotiethestanzastogetherandtomoveeasilyintohisnextthought.Hisawarenessoftherealworldpullshimbackfromtheimaginedworldofdrink-joy.,.,StanzaIV,Away!away!forIwillflytothee,Notcharioted27byBacchus28andhispards29,Butontheviewless30wingsofPoesy31,Thoughthedullbrainperplexes32andretards.Alreadywiththee!tender33isthenight,AndhaplytheQueen-Moonisonherthrone,ClusteredaroundbyallherstarryFays34;Butherethereisnolight,SavewhatfromheaveniswiththebreezesblownThroughverdurous35gloomsandwindingmossyways.,27,statecarriage28,theGreekgodofwine29,middleEnglishforleopards,referstotheleopardcatthatdragsthewinegod.30,notperceivable,thesoarofpoetryisbeyondcommonpeople31,poeticfancy32,toconfuse33,showingaffectionandlove34,fairies35,healthandvigor,.,ThepoetsuddenlycriesoutAway!away!forIwillflytothee.Heturnstofantasyagain;herejectswineinline2,andinline3heannouncesheisgoingtousetheviewlesswingsofPoesytojoinafantasybird.Hecontraststhismodeofexperience(poetry)tothedullbrainthatperplexesandretards(line4).Inline5,hesucceedsorseemstosucceedinjoiningthebird.Theimaginedworlddescribedintherestofthestanzaisdark.,.,StanzaV,Icannotseewhatflowersareatmyfeet,Norwhatsoftincense36hangsupontheboughs,But,inembalmed37darkness,guesseachsweetWherewiththeseasonablemonth38endowsThegrass,thethicket39,andthefruit-treewild-Whitehawthorn,andthepastoraleglantine40;Fastfadingvioletscoveredupinleaves;Andmid-Mayseldestchild41,Thecomingmusk-rose,fullofdewywine,Themurmuroushauntoffliesonsummereves42.,36,fragnantflowers37,fillwithsweetodors38,themonthoftheseason，referstoMay39,agroupofbushes40,anOldWorldrose41,firstbloom,musk-rose42,therepeatsoundof“mm”buildupthemoodforsummer,.,Inthefifthstanzaisonewhereflowersbloomanddieandseasonscomeandgo.Thereheisconsciousofhismortalityandisdrawnbythefantasyofdyingtothenightingalesmusic.Becausethepoetcannotseeinthedarkness,hemustrelyonhisothersenses.Eveninthisrefuge,deathispresent.,.,stanzaVI,Darkling43Ilisten;andformanyatimeIhavebeenhalfinlovewitheasefulDeath,Calledhimsoftnamesinmanyamusedrhyme44,Totakeintotheairmyquietbreath45;Nowmorethaneverseemsitrichtodie,Toceaseuponthemidnightwithnopain,WhilethouartpouringforththysoulabroadInsuchanecstasy!Stillwouldstthousing,andIhaveearsinvain-Tothyhighrequiem46becomeasod47.,46,Inthedark。44,meditatedrhyme45,life46,aChristianreligiousceremonyforadeadperson52,onesnativeland,.,InStanzaVI,thepoetbeginstodistancehimselffromthenightingale,whichhejoinedinimaginationinstanzasIVandV.Keatsyearnstodie,astatewhichheimaginesasonlyjoyful,aspain-free,andtomergewiththebirdssong.Keatsimaginesadeathwhichisanecstaticconclusion,butthenacknowledgesthatifheweredeadthesongwouldgounheard.,.,stanzaVII,Thouwastnotbornfordeath,immortalBird53!Nohungrygenerations54treadtheedown;ThevoiceIhearthispassingnighteasheardInancientdaysbyemperorandclown55:Perhapstheself-samesongthatfoundapathThroughthesadheartofRuth56,when,sickforhome,Shestoodintearsamidthealiencorn;Thesamethatoft-timeshathCharmdmagiccasement57,openingonthefoamOfperilous58seas,infaerylandsforlorn59.,53,nightingale54,devouringTime56,everyone56,AnIsraelyoungfromtheBiblewhopickswheatforaliving,thepoetpicturesherstandingbythefieldmissingherhometown.57,casementreferstotheprincesswaitingforherprincetoresureher58,fullofdanger59,remoteandfaraway,sadandlonely,.,Whythebirdisimmortal?Thepoetcontraststhebirdsimmortality(andcontinuingjoyfulsong)withtheconditionofhumanbeings,hungrygenerations.Thebirdrepresentsthespecies,whichbycontinuinggenerationaftergenerationdoesachieveakindofimmortalityasaspecies.ThreeImagesKeatsmakesthreereferencestothebirdssinginginthepast;thefirstreferencetoemperorandclownisgeneralandpresumablyinahistoricalpast;theothertwoarespecific.onefromtheOldTestament,theotherfromfairytales.Thepastbecomesmoreremote,endingwithanon-humanpastandplace(faerylands),inwhichnohumanbeingispresent.,.,TheeffectofthethreeimagesKeatsnotonlyexpresseshisrapturesuponhearingthebeautifulsongsofthenightingaleandhisdesiretogototheetherealworldofbeautytogetherwiththebird,butalsoheshowshisdeepsympathyforandhiskeenunderstandingofhumanmiseries.Keatsmovesfromhisawarenessofhisownmortalityintheprecedingstanzatotheperceptionofthebirdsimmortality.Onaliterallevel,hisperceptioniswrong;thisbirdwilldie.Thenightingalenotbornfordeathinthesensethat,unlikeushumanbeings,itdoesntknowitsgoingtodie.Animplicationofthisreadingisthatthebirdisintegratedintonatureorispartofnaturalprocesseswhereasweareseparatedfromnature.Theresultingabilitytoobservenaturegivesustheabilitytoappreciatethebeautyofnature,howevertransitoryit-andwe-maybe.?,.,stanzaVIII,Forlorn60!theverywordislikeabellTotoll61mebackfromtheetomysoleself!Adieu!thefancycannotcheatsowellAssheisfamedtodo,deceivingelf.Adieu!adieu!thyplaintiveanthem62fadesPastthenearmeadows,overthestillstream,Upthehill-side;andnowtisburieddeepInthenextvalley-glades:Wasisavision,orawakingdream?Fledisthatmusic-DoIwakeorsleep63?,60,samewiththeendoflaststanza,meansthepoetwokeupwithastart,feelingremoteandsad61,religousimage,indicatetheanthem62,comingbacktoreality,eventhesongsofnightingalemakesthepoetfeelssufferingandsadness63,Whileonthewingsofimagination,itshardforKeatstotellwhetheritsadreamofnot.Likewiseinhis“OdetoPsyche”,healsoasks：“SurelyIdreamtto-day,ordidIseeThewingedPsychewithawakenedeyes?”,.,AmbivalenceandConflict,OdetoaNightingaledescribesaseriesofconflictsbetweenrealityandtheRomanticidealofunitingwithnature.Keatssnarratorlistenstoabirdsong,butlisteningtothesongwithin“OdetoaNightingale”isalmostpainfulandsimilartodeath.Thenarratorseekstobewiththenightingaleandabandonshissenseofvisioninordertoembracethesoundinanattempttoshareinthedarknesswiththebird.Asthepoemends,thetrancecausedbythenightingaleisbrokenandthenarratorisleftwonderingifitwasarealvisionorjustadream.,.,ThebirdhasceasedtobeasymbolandisagaintheactualbirdthepoetheardinstanzaI.Thepoet,likethenightingale,hasreturnedtotherealworld.Thebirdfliesawaytoanothers