新世纪大学英语(第二版)综合教程第1册Unit5ppt课件

,Unit5KnowingYourself,Sitingroupsofthreesorfoursanddiscussthefollowingquestions.,Doyouknowwhatyourstrengthsandweaknessesare?Thinkofconcreteexamplesorsituationsinwhichyourstrengthsandweaknessesaredemonstrated.(Open.),GetStarted-discussion,GetstartedD,2.Canyoudescribeyourbestfriendspersonality?Doyouthinkhe/shewouldagreewithyou?(Open.),GetStarted-discussion,GetstartedD,3.“Babiesarebornwithablankslate(白板).Itistheenvironmentthatshapestheirpersonality.”Whatdoyouthinkofthisstatement?(Open.),4.Whatpersonalitytraits(性格)doyoudislikemost?Why?(Open.),5.Isthereanyaspectofyourpersonalitythatyouwouldliketodeveloporchange?(Open.),Quotes1,Studythefollowingquotesaboutpersonality.Doyouagreewitheachofthem?Givereasonstosupportyourview.,GetStarted-quotes1,Quotes1,Likefather,likeson.ChineseProverb,Interpretation:“Likefather,likeson.”(有其父必有其子)isacommonquotethatisusednotonlybyChinesebutalsobymanyotherracesandculturesintheworld.Itcouldbeusedeitherasacomplimentorasacriticismoftheson(andthefatherimplicitly).Theunderlyingassumptionofthisquoteisthatwhatevertraitsdemonstratedbythesonareinheritedfromthefather.Therefore,thosewhobelieveinthisareproponentsthatnaturehasanoverpoweringinfluenceononescharacter.,GetStarted-quotes1,Quotes2,Whenweseemenofworth,weshouldthinkofequalingthem;whenweseemenofacontrarycharacter,weshouldturninwardsandexamineourselves.Confucius,Interpretation:ThisquotefromConfuciusisaremindertousthatweshouldfirstlookintoourselvesbeforewecriticizeothers.TheoriginalinChineseis“见贤思齐焉，见不贤而内省也。”（论语第17章）,ClickPicture,Quotes3,Interpretation:Lincolnsquoteisanindicationofhowpower,wealthandstatuscouldaffectourbehaviorandactions.Itaddressesthebeliefthatpowertendstocorrupt(腐败),implyingthatonlyamanofstrongcharactercanresistthistendency.,GetStarted-quotes3,Nearlyallmencanstandadversity(困境),butifyouwanttotestamanscharacter,givehimpower.AbrahamLincoln,ClickPicture,video,Watchthefollowingvideoclip“TheBigFiveofPersonality”andthencompletethetasksthatfollow:,clickhere,Infact,video,Fillinthemissingwordsaccordingtowhatyouhearfromthevideoclip.,Sooneissuewithotherpersonalityteststhatareoutthereisthattheyreallywanttoputyouinto.Youareeitherthisoryouarethat.Butthatsnotreallyhelpingalot.Youshouldnthavetobe“eitheror”.,mostpeoplewanttobe“eitheror”.Ourmainpersonalitysurveythebigfivepersonalitytraits:openness,conscientiousness,extroversion,agreeablenessand.Thebigfivemodelisagreatplacetostartwhenitcomestopersonalityresearch.Butinadditiontothat,eachofthosefactorsisactuallythedifferenttraits.,video,agivencategory,_,_,isbasedon,_,emotionalstability,_,madeupof,_,clickhere,video,2.Discussthetopicwithyourgroupmembers:Whatistheirwaytoassessonespersonalityaccordingtothevideoclip?Doyouknowyourselfwell?Wouldyoupleaseshareyourpersonalitytraitswithus?,Accordingtothevideoclip,theybasedthepersonalitysurveyonthebigfivepersonalitytraits:openness,conscientiousness,extroversion,agreeableness,emotionalstability.Theydisplayonestraitsintheworldinanorganizedwayandcanberepresentativeinawaythatmakessense.Theyprovidepeoplewithuniquefeedbackthatspersonalizedtothem.,clickhere,clickhere,LTashaisaggressive;andShannonisoutgoing.Actually,personalitiesaremorecomplexthanthis.Acloserlookatpersonalitieswillshowyouwhytheyarenotsosimple,andyouwillalsodiscoverthatyourpersonalitycanbeshapedifyoumaketheeffort.,In-Depth,3Apersonspersonalityiscomposedofmanyelements.Theseelements,ingeneral,fallintothreecategoriesemotional,social,andintellectual.,_,_,Everypersonfeelsthesamebasicemotions,suchasfear,happiness,anxietyandpain,yeteachrespondstothemindividually.WhenKarasgrandmotherdied,forexample,hersorrowwas,expressedthroughtears.Anotherpersonmightshowthesamekindofsorrowinaquiet,reflectiveway.Similarly,whenyouhearapieceofgoodnews,youmayjumpupwithjoyandmayimmediatelydecidetothrowa,5Peoplearealsodifferentinhowtheyrelatetoothers.Thisrevealsthesocialsideoftheirpersonality,andthereareplentyofvariations.Somepeoplepreferthecompanyofothersratherthanbeingalone.Wesaytheyaresociable.Othersarejusttheopposite.Mostpeoplewantsomecombinationofthetwo.,partyforyourclassmatesandfriendstoshareyourhappinessandjoy;anotherpersonmayjustkeepthegoodnewstohimselforherselfandjustenjoythehappinesssecretly.Asyouobservehowpeopletheiremotions,youstarttoformapictureofthispartoftheirpersonality.,handle,In-Depth,In-Depth,6Intellectualtraitsarethethirdpartofpersonality.Thesequalitiesareinfluencedbythemindandhowitworks.Onepersonmaypreferspendinghissparetimeindeepthought.Anothermaybemorecreative.Jake,forexample,oftenhaspeopleinhisclasslaughing.Heseeshumorinalmosteverythingandisabletoexpressitinentertainingways.,7Theemotional,social,andintellectualtraitsofpersonalitybecomeapparenttoothersthroughbehavior.Usuallyyouneedtogettoknowapersonwellenoughbeforeyoucandiscoverthefulldepthofthatpersonspersonality.,8Whenyoustartthinkingaboutwhatyouarelike,youmaystartwonderingwhyyouarethatway.Explainingwhypersonalitiesdevelopastheydoisnoteasy.Thatisbecausetwoinfluencesareatwork:heredityandenvironment.Andnoonereallyknowswhichonehasthegreatereffect.Infact,thecombinationoftheseinfluencesmaynotbethesameforeveryperson.,In-Depth,9Heredityisoneinfluenceonpersonality.Heredityisthesetofcharacteristicsthatyouinheritfromyourparentsandancestors.“Hesjustlikehisfather,”Mrs.MilleralwayssaysabouthersonTodd,now17.Since,10Otheraspectsofpersonalityareshapedbywhatgoesonaroundaperson.Environmentthecircumstances,objects,andconditionsthatsurroundpeoplealsohasanimpactonpersonality.Thisinfluenceisverystrongandverycomplicated.Homelife,forexample,affectschildrenspersonalitiesastheygrow.Peoplewhofeellovedandsecurearelikelytodevelopmorepositivepersonalitytraitsthanthosewhoaretroubledastheygrowup.Thatiswhydivorceisaharmfulsocialpracticethatoftenexertsanegativeeffectonthegrowthofyoungchildren.,Toddsfatherdiedwhentheboywasonlyayearold,heredityexplainstheresemblances,forevidently,Toddhashadnoopportunitytolearnthesetraitsfromhisfather.,In-Depth,In-Depth,11Personalitiesmakepeopleinteresting.Howboringitwouldbeifeveryonehadthesamepersonality.Ontheotherhand,somepersonalitiesaremorepleasingthanothers.Whataboutyou?Areyousatisfiedwithyourpersonality?Oristheresomethingevenasmallqualitythatyouwouldliketochange?Mostpeoplehave*somepersonalityadjustmentstheywouldliketomake.,atleast,In-Depth,Adolescenceisatimeforpersonalitydevelopment,andpersonalityisdevelopingrighteverythingelse.Foryounguniversitystudents,shapingyourpersonalityasyouwantittobemaybeeasiernowthanlater,foryouarechangingwhileyouarelearning.Thinkaboutthepersonalitytraitsthatyouadmire.Justasanathletebuildsskills,youcanbuildthepersonalityyouwanttohave,butonlyifyouaredeterminedtodoso.,alongwith,12,Q1.Whatpersonalitytraitsdoyouthinkyouhave?Whatpersonalitytraitsdoyourgroupmembersseethatyouhave?Arethereanytraitsthatyouyourselfknowbutothersdont?Arethereanytraitsthatotherscanseebutyouyourselfarenotawareof?Fillinthefollowingtableaccordingtowhatyoudiscuss.(Open.),voicing,Workingroupsofthreesorfoursanddiscussthefollowingquestions.,voicing,voicing,Q2.Inthesamegroup,highlightyourgroupmembersstrengthsandgiveexamplesofwhattheyoncedidthathashadapositiveimpactonyou.(Open.),voicing,Q3.Doyouthinkthatwearebornwithcertainpersonalitytraits?Ordoyouthinkhowwebehaveistheresultofourupbringingandenvironment?Givereasonstosupportyouranswer.,A3:Possibleanswers:Ithinkwearebornwithsomefixedpersonalitytraits,becausenatureandhereditydeterminewhatourcharacteristicswepossessandwhatweare.Idontagreewiththestatement,sincechildrenareproductsoftheirsurroundingsandtheyjustrespondtotheirsurroundingsandinreturntheirsurroundingsrespondtothem,thusshapingtheirpersonalitytraits.,voicing,Q4.Whatkeypersonalitytraitsdoyoulookforinyourlifepartner?,A4:Somepersonalitytraitsonelooksforinalifepartnerinclude:trustworthiness,faithfulness,goodsenseofhumor,outgoing,positive,caring,etc.,KeyWords(B),KeyWordsforTextB,KeyWords(B),KeyWordsforTextB,KeyWordsforTextB,KeyWords(B),1.Itisbelievedbymanythatourpreferenceforsomespecificcolorsmaybecloselyrelatedtowhatkindofpeopleweare.(Para.2),2)Makeasentencewiththeitalicizedstructure.,Itisbelievedbymanythatthereislifeinouterspace.,1)TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.,许多人都相信我们偏爱的颜色与我们是哪种类型的人可能紧密相关。,Sentences,2.Whenyellowisoneofyourlastfewchoicesyouhavehadyourhopesanddreamsdestroyedandyoufeelisolatedanddisappointed,oftenbecomingdefensiveandwithdrawn.(Para.4),2)Pleaseparaphrasethesentence.,Ifyouchooseyellowcolorasoneofyourlastchoices,thatmeansyoudonothaveanyhopesordreamsleft;thusyoufeelaloneanddisappointed,oftentryingtoprotectyourowninterestsandnotwantingtomixwithothers.,1)TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.,如果黄色排在最后几位，那你所拥有的希望和梦想已经破灭,你感觉被隔绝和失望，往往变得戒心很重，不愿与人交往。,Sentences,3.Bothmentallyandphysicallyimmature,youarestuckinadreamworldofwishfulthinkingandfantasy.(Para.6),2)Makeasentencewiththeitalicizedstructure.,Youneedtohaveadream,butdontbestuckinadreamworldofillusions.,1)TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.,心理上和生理上都不成熟的你，常沉迷于异想天开和梦幻的世界里。,Sentences,4.Greyasyourfirstchoicemeansthatyouwanttoshutyourselfofffromeverythingandremainuncommitted,sothatyoucanswingwithopinionandemotions.(Para.8),2)Makeasentencewiththeitalicizedstructure.,Whenyourefeelingdepressed,itsnouseshuttingyourselfofffromeverything.,1)TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.,灰色排在第一位意味着你想要逃避一切事物，不会做出任何承诺，以便可以摇摆于各种观点与感情之间。,Sentences,Paras.1-2,Comprehension,Whatdoesourpreferenceforcolorsmean?,Comprehension,Whatmayweknowaboutapersonwhoplacesredasoneofhis/herleastfavoritecolor?,Para.3,Comprehension,Whatisthemaindifferenceinpersonalitybetweenapersonwhochoosesyellowashis/herfavoritecolorandtheonewholikesitleast?,Whatdoesthewritersayaboutthosewhochooseyellowastheirsecond,thirdorfourthcolor?,Whichfouradjectivesintheparagraphportraynegativefeelings?,Para.4,Comprehension,Whatissaidaboutapersonwhochoosesgreenashis/herfavoritecolor?,Whydoesapersonwholikesgreenwanttoimpressothers?,Whatpositivetraitsdoesapersonwholikesgreenpossess?,Para.5,Comprehension,Whatissaidabouttwosetsofconflictingcharacteristicsthatthecolorvioletrepresents?,Whattypeofapersonusuallylikesviolet?,Whatissaidaboutapersonwhousedtolikevioletbutdoesnotlikethecoloranymore?,Para.6,Comprehension,Whatdoesthecolorbrownrepresent?,Whatissaidaboutapersonifhe/shechoosesbrownasthefavouritecolor?,Whatissaidaboutpeoplewholikebrowntheleast?,Para.7,Comprehension,Whatarethecharacteristicsofapersonwholikesgreytheleast?,Para.8,Comprehension,Whatarethreekeypersonalitytraitsofthosewhochooseblueastheirfavoritecolor?,Whatisnotgoodaboutapersonwhoissensitive?,Whatdopeoplewholikebluewantinlife?,Para.9,Comprehension,Whatarepeoplewhochooseblackastheirfavoritecolorlikelytodoiftheyarenothappywiththeirlife?,Accordingtothewriter,whatwillsignifyachange?,Para.10,Activity1:Weusuallyclaimthatweknowourfriendswell.Forexample,wethinkthatweknowwhattheyliketoeat,whattheirhobbiesare,whatkindofmoviestheyliketowatch,andevenwhatsomeoftheirpersonalsecretsare.Dowereallyknowourfriendsthatwell?Inthisactivity,youwillfindouthowmuchyouknowaboutafriendandhowmuchhe/sheknowsaboutyou.,Optional,Findsomeoneyouknowtomakeateamoftwo.Createalistof10questionstoaskeachotherbutyoushouldnottelleachotheryourresponsesoranswers.Thefirsttwoquestionshavebeendoneforyou.Onceyouhavefinishedmakingyourlist,take5minutestofillintheanswers.Thinkofwhatyourfriendwillmostlikelysay.Onceyouhavewrittenalltheanswers,askeachothertocheckhowmanyitemsyouhavecorrectlywrittenaboutyourfriend.Themoreanswersyouhavegottencorrect,themoreyouknowaboutyourfriend.(Open.),Optional,Optional,Optional,Activity2:Thinkofapersonyouknowwell.He/Shecouldbeafamilymemberorafriend.Writedownfivepersonalitytraitsthatcanbestdescribehim/herandgiveexamplestosupportyourdescription.Seethenextslide.(Open.),Optional,Optional,Activity3:Misunderstanding,quarrelsandfightscanhappenbecauseofdifferencesinpersonality.Whataresomeofthewaysthatyoucanthinkoftohelppeopleofdifferentpersonalitytypescommunicatebetter?Thinkofincidentsthatyouhavecomeacrossandtellushowyouhavehandledthesituations.Seethenextslide.(Open.),Optional,UsefulExpressions,UsefulExpressionsfromTextA,ChineseEquivalences,besummedupinaword,用一个词语来描述,maketheeffort,付出努力,ingeneral,一般来说,fallintothreecategories,分成三类,bedeterminedtodo,有决心做,throwaparty,举办一个聚会,jumpupwithjoy,高兴得跳起来,haveanimpacton,对有影响,exertanegativeeffect,产生负面影响,UsefulExpressions,UsefulExpressionsfromTextB,ChineseEquivalences,becloselyrelatedto,与有紧密关系,tosomeextent,在一定程度上,expandyourhorizons,扩展你的视野,makethebestofyourlife,充实地度过你的一生,ontheway,即将来临,freefromworry,没有烦恼,looktothefuture,向前看,ingoodshape,身体健康,intotalcontrolofyourlife,对自己人生控制自如,Studythefollowingsentencesthatappearinthisunitandreflectonthegradableadjectivesoradverbsincomparativeforms.,Grammar,Grammar,1)Acloserlookatpersonalitieswillshowyouwhytheyarenotsosimple(Para.2,TextA)2)Actually,personalitiesaremorecomplexthanthis.(Para.2,TextA)3)Onepersonmaypreferspendinghissparetimeindeepthought.Anothermaybemorecreative.(Para.6,TextA)4)Andnoonereallyknowswhichonehasthegreatereffect.(Para.8,TextA)5)Peoplewhofeellovedandsecurearelikelytodevelopmorepositivepersonalitytraitsthanthosewhoaretroubledastheygrowup.(Para.10,TextA),Grammar,6)Ontheotherhand,somepersonalitiesaremorepleasingthanothers.(Para.11,TextA)7)Foryounguniversitystudents,shapingyourpersonalityasyouwantittobemaybeeasiernowthanlater(Para.12,TextA)8)itindicatesthatthepersonchoosingitismorematureandhasoutgrownthe“fantasy”visionoflife,confrontingharshrealityhead-on.(Para.6,TextB)9)Thelessyouarefondofblue,themoreunsatisfiedyouareandthemoreyoufeeltheneedtobreakawayfromthetiesthatrestrictyou.(Para.9,TextB),Grammar,形容词和副词比较级的用法可以修饰比较级的词：much,alot,far的多；alittle,abit一点儿；even甚至；still仍然。e.g.Tomlooksevenyoungerthanbefore.Thistrainrunsmuchfasterthanthatone.Shedrivesstillmorecarefullythanherhusband.2.比较级常用的句型结构(1)“比较级+than”表示“比”。e.g.TomistallerthanKate.,Grammar,(2)“比较级+than+anyother+单数名词”表示“比同一范围的任何一个人/物都”，含义是“最”。,e.g.,TheYangtzeRiverislongerthananyotherriverinChina.=TheYangtzeRiverislongerthananyoftheotherriversinChina.=TheYangtzeRiverislongerthantheotherriversinChina.=TheYangtzeRiveristhelongestriverinChina.,注意：TheYangtzeRiverislongerthananyriverinJapan.,Grammar,Mikegetstoschoolearlierthananyotherstudentinhisclass.=Mikegetstoschoolearlierthananyoftheotherstudentsinhisclass.=Mikegetstoschoolearlierthantheotherstudentsinhisclass.=Mikegetstoschoolearliestinhisclass.,注意：MikegetstoschoolearlierthananystudentinTomsclass.,e.g.,Grammar,(3)倍数表达法：Aisthreetimesthesize(height,length)ofB.Aisthreetimesasbig(high,long)asB.Aisthreetimesbigger(higher,longer)thanB.用times表倍数通常用于三倍以上，两倍可以用twice或double。,e.g.,Thenewbuildingisfourtimesthesize(theheight)oftheoldone.AsiaisfourtimesaslargeasEurope.Yourschoolisthreetimesbiggerthanours.,Grammar,(4)“the+比较级+ofthetwo”表示“两者中较的”。Lookatthetwoboys.Mybrotheristhetallerofthetwo.(5)“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越”。Heisgettingtallerandtaller.Theflowersaremoreandmorebeautiful.Hedoeshishomeworkmoreandmorecarefully.(6)“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越，越”。Themorecarefulyouare,thefewermistakesyoullmake.,e.g.,e.g.,e.g.,Grammar,Now,dothetasksonPages162-164inyourtextbook.,writing,Writeapassageofabout100-120wordsaccordingtooneoftheinstructionsgivenonthenextslide.,writing,1.Describeafewofyourownpersonalitytraits.ThenidentifyyourfavouritecolourandseeifthedescriptionsofthecolourinTextBmatchyourpersonality.2.Thinkofthepersonyouadmiremost.Writetwopersonalitytraitsthatyoulikemostaboutthisperson.Remembertogiveanexampleforeachpersonalitytrait.3.Imaginethatyouhadbeengivenawishtochangeyourlife.Writeabouttwopersonalitytraitsthatyouwouldliketohaveandgiveyourreasons.4.Writeaboutapersonwhomyoudislikemostandgiveoneortworeasonsorexampleswhyyoudislikehimorhersomuch.,MyPersonalityTraitsIhavebeendescribedbymanyfriendsasawarm,sociable,andoutgoingextravert.IfinditeasytomakenewfriendsandIenjoythecompanyofpeoplewhosharesimilarcharacteristicsasI.WhenIamataparty,manypeopleincludingthoseIdonotknow,willtalktome.Iamnotagreatbeauty,neitheramIrichandintelligent.Infact,Iamjustaverysimplepersonwhoishappyandsmilesalot.,writing,SampleWriting,writing,Maybebeinghappyistheattraction.Ilikebrightcolours,especiallyred.Itissaidthatpeoplewholikeredarepassionateandhavealotofenergy.IagreethatIamenthusiasticaboutmanythingsandlikedoingmanythingsatthesametime.Soitseemsthereissometruthafterallinwhatcolourssayaboutapersonspersonality.(141words),SampleWriting,ThankYou!,77,AboutConfucius(551BC479BC):aChinesephilosopherwhoseideasencouragedjusticeandpeace,andwhotaughtsocialandmoralprincipleswhichhadagreatinfluenceonChinesesocietyandonthewaythatChinesepeoplethink.Amonghiswell-knownworksisAnalectsofConfucius(论语).PeopleintheUSandUKsometimesjokinglysay“Confuciussays”tointroduceapieceofwiseadvice,pretendingthattheirwordswereoriginallysaidbyConfucius.,AuthorsoftheQuotes(2),AboutAbrahamLincoln(18091865):aUSpoliticianintheRepublicanPartywhowasthePresidentoftheUnitedStatesfrom1861to1865.HewonpoliticalsupportintheNorthernUSstatesbecauseofhisspeechesagainstslavery,butthismadehimunpopularintheSouthernstates,whereslavesdidmostofthefarmwork.TheAmericanCivilWarstartedsoonafterhebecamePresident,whentheSouthernstatesdecidedtoleavetheUS.In1863,heannouncedtheEmancipationProclamation,bywhichallslavesintheUSbecamefreepeople.HealsogaveafamousspeechknownastheGettysburgAddressin1863.Afewdaysafterthewar,AuthorsoftheQuotes(3),ended,hewasshotandkilledinatheaterbyanactorcalledJohnWilkesBooth.LincolnwasconsideredtobeoneofthemostimportantUSpresidents,andwassometimescalled“HonestAbe”becauseeveryoneadmiredhishonesty.HispictureappearsontheUSfive-dollarbillandontheone-centcoin.,AuthorsoftheQuotes(3),Sooneissuewithotherpersonalityteststhatareoutthereisthattheyreallywanttoputyouintoagivencategory.Youareeitherthisoryouarethat.Butthatsnotreallyhelpingalot.Youshouldnthavetobe“eitheror”.Infact,mostpeoplewanttobe“eitheror”.Ourmainpersonalitysurveyisbasedonthebigfivepersonalitytraits:openness,conscientiousness,extroversion,agreeablenessandemotionalstability.Thebigfivemodelisagreatplacetostartwhenitcomestopersonalityresearch.Butinadditiontothat,itisthosefactorsthatactuallymakeupofthediffere