Unit 6- A French fourth

,Unit6AFrenchFourth,Themainconcern,Thechallengeofraisingexpatriatedchildren.Thecostsandbenefitsoflivinginaforeignculture.Theinfluenceofcultureglobalization.TheauthorCharlesTrueheartisacorrespondentfortheWashingtonPostbasedinParis.,someonewholivesinaforeigncountry,IndependenceDay,Anannualeventcommemoratingtheanniversaryofanationsassumptionofindependentstatehood,usuallyafterceasingtobeacolonyorpartofanothernationorstate.,IndependenceDayofUSA,TheFourthofJulyAfederalholidaycommemoratingtheadoptionoftheDeclarationofIndependenceonJuly4,1776,ActivitiesonThisDay,Fireworks,parades,barbecues,carnivals,fairs,picnics,concerts,baseballgames,familyreunions,politicalspeechesandceremoniesIndependenceDayisthenationaldayoftheUnitedStates,IndependenceDay,OnJuly4,2006:TheUnitedStatesofAmericacelebrates230thyearsinceIndependence.AllAmericansareentitledtoIndependenceDayoffwork-althoughsomepeoplehavetowork.(likepolicemenandfiremen).AFamilyDaywithpicnics,barbecues,fireworks,parades,tocelebrateindependenceandfreedom.,Whydowecelebratethe4thofJuly?,byKimMoonMostpeopleintheUnitedStatescelebratethe4thofJuly,butdoyouknowexactlywhytheholidayissoimportanttoourcountry?Imaginehowyouwouldfeelifsomeoneolderthanyou(maybeanoldersisterorbrother)kepttellingyouwhattodoallofthetimeandkepttakingmoreandmoreofyourallowance.,Whydowecelebratethe4thofJuly?,Thatishowthecolonistsfeltintheyearsleadingupto1776.GreatBritainkepttryingtomakethecolonistsfollowmorerulesandpayhighertaxes.,Whydowecelebratethe4thofJuly?,Peoplestartedgettingmadandbeganmakingplanstobeabletomaketheirownrules.TheynolongerwantedGreatBritaintobeabletotellthemwhattodo,sotheydecidedtotellGreatBritainthattheywerebecominganindependentcountry.(Tobeindependentmeanstotakecareofyourself,makingyourownrulesandprovidingforyourownneeds.),Whydowecelebratethe4thofJuly?,TheCongressmetinPhiladelphia,Pennsylvaniaandtheyappointedacommittee(agroupofpeopleworkingtogethertodoaspecificjob)towriteaformaldocumentthatwouldtellGreatBritainthattheAmericanshaddecidedtogovernthemselves.,Whydowecelebratethe4thofJuly?,ThecommitteeaskedThomasJeffersontowriteadraft(firsttry)ofthedocument,soheworkedfordays,inabsolutesecret,untilhehadwrittenadocumentthathethoughtsaideverythingimportantthatthecommitteehaddiscussed.,Whydowecelebratethe4thofJuly?,OnJune28,1776,thecommitteemettoreadJeffersonsfaircopy(heputhisbestideastogetherandwrotethemneatly.)Theyrevised(madesomechanges)thedocumentanddeclaredtheirindependenceonJuly2,1776.Theyofficiallyadoptedit(madeittheirs)onJuly4,1776.ThatiswhywecallitIndependenceDay.,Whydowecelebratethe4thofJuly?,CongressorderedthatallmembersmustsigntheDeclarationofIndependenceandtheyallbegansigningtheofficialcopyonAugust2,1776.InJanuaryofthenextyear,Congresssentsignedcopiestoallofthestates.,Whydowecelebratethe4thofJuly?,TheDeclarationofIndependenceismorethanjustapieceofpaper.Itisasymbolofourcountrysindependenceandcommitmenttocertainideas.Asymbolissomethingthatstandsforsomethingelse.,Whydowecelebratethe4thofJuly?,MostpeoplecanlookatacertainlittleswooshandknowthatitstandsforNike.Well,thesignersoftheDeclarationofIndependencewantedthecitizensoftheUnitedStatestohaveadocumentthatspelledoutwhatwasimportanttoourleadersandcitizens.,TheywantedustobeabletolookattheDeclarationofIndependenceandimmediatelythinkofthegoalsweshouldalwaysbeworkingfor,andaboutthepeoplewhohavefoughtsohardtomaketheseideaspossible.,Whydowecelebratethe4thofJuly?,Whydowecelebratethe4thofJuly?,ThepeoplewhosignedtheDeclarationriskedbeinghangedfortreasonbytheleadersinGreatBritain.Theyhadtobeverybravetosignsomethingthatwouldbeconsideredacrime!,Whydowecelebratethe4thofJuly?,SoeverytimewelookattheDeclarationofIndependence,weshouldthinkaboutalloftheeffortandideasthatwentintothedocument,andaboutthecourageittookforthesepeopletostandupforwhattheyknewwasright-independence!,SymbolsoftheUSA,TheStarsandStripes(theUSflag),TheGreatSealoftheUSA,Thebaldeagle(thenationalbird),TheWashingtonMonument,TheLincolnMemorial,TheUSCapitol,TheWhiteHouse,IndependenceHall,TheStatueofLiberty(agiftfromFrance),MountRushmore,SymbolsoftheUSA,TheStarSpangledBanner,YankeeDoodle,UncleSam,TheVietnamVeteransMemorial,TheJeffersonMemorial,StructureAnalysis,Theinfluenceofaforeigncultureonexpatriatedfamilies.PartI(1-3):AwayofcelebratinghishomecountrysNationalDay;PartII(4-9):Acontrastiveanalysisofthecostsandbenefitsoftheexpatriatedpeople;PartIII(10-12):Theeffectofglobalization.,Detailedreading,PartIparagraph1-3HecelebratedhisnationalDayinanothercountryhanginganoldflagfromafourth-floorbalcony.Hethenremindspeoplelikehimoftheirnativecountryandculture.,Comprension,WhydoestheauthorhangtheAmericanflagfromhisfourth-floorbalconyinParis?(Paragraph1)Hedoesitfortworeasons.,Comprension,Theauthorhaskepttheoldflagforalongtime.Whydidnthegetanewone?,Americanflag,June14,1777-TheContinentalCongresspassedthefirstFlagAct:“Resolved,ThattheflagoftheUnitedStatesbemadeofthirteenstripes,alternateredandwhite;thattheunionbethirteenstars,whiteinabluefield,representinganewConstellation.”,Thesymbolofthenationsstrengthandunity.Asourceofprideandinspirationformillionsofcitizens.,Todaytheflagconsistsofthirteenhorizontalstripes,sevenredalternatingwithsixwhite.Thestripesrepresenttheoriginalthirteencolonies,thestarsrepresentthefiftystatesoftheUnion.Thecolorsoftheflagaresymbolicaswell:RedsymbolizesHardinessandValor,WhitesymbolizesPurityandInnocenceandBluerepresentsVigilance,PerseveranceandJustice.,Paraphraze,butinmymindseyeanAmericantouristmaynoticeitandsmile.(Paragraph1)Inonesmindseye:ifyoucanseesthinyourmindseye,youcanimagineorrememberwhatitlookslike.butIimaginethatanAmericantouristmaynoticeitandshowhisappreciationofmyactionwithasmile,Paraphrase,thedateandtheoccasionthatpromptitsappearance:TheeventofthethirteensatesofBritishcoloniesdeclaringtheirindependenceonJuly4,1776broughtabouttheappearanceofthisflag.,Languagework,Foldaway:makesomethingintoasmaller,neatershapebyfoldingit,usuallyseveraltimesThesecampingchairscanbefoldedawayandputinthetrunk.Thepieceofpaperwasfoldedawaycarefullyandputintoherpurse.foldawaybed/ironboard,Translation,这种蚊帐可以折叠起来放在人的衣服口袋里。Thiskindofmosquitonetmaybefoldedawayinsidesomeonespocket.,Regulation,onlybeforenounaccordingtorulesorcustom:规定的adoctorsregulationwhitecoatThegirlswereallwearingregulationshoes.按规定速度行驶driveataregulationspeed,prompt:v.,causeorbringaboutanactionorfeeling(mainlyjournalism)mptlyad.TheTimesarticlepromptedhimtocallameetingofthestaff.Mychoicewaspromptedbyanumberofconsiderations.,Paraphrase,suppresssuchoutwardsignsoftheirheritage(Paragraph2)donotgivemanifestations(expression,indication)oftheirtraditionalculturehandeddown遗留下来fromtheirancestors,Paraphrase,July4isoneofthetimeswhentheAmericaninmefeelsatwingeofuneaseaboutthegreatlacunaeinourchildrensunderstandingofwhotheyareandispromptedtotrytofillthegaps.(Paragraph3)TheAmericaninme:thefeelingofbeingAmericanwhichisdeeplyrootedinmymind.atwingeofunease:asuddenfeelingofslightpain,Paraphrase,July4isoneofthetimeswhentheAmericaninmefeelsatwingeofuneaseaboutthegreatlacunaeinourchildrensunderstandingofwhotheyareandispromptedtotrytofillthegaps.(Paragraph3)July4isoneofthetimesI,asanativeAmerican,feelindistinctivelyuneasyaboutthegreatgapsinourchildrensunderstandingoftheirAmericanidentity,andthusIammotivatedtodosomethingtofillthegaps.,Lacuna（pl.),lacunae/-ni/orlacunas(formal)Anemptygapormissingpart.缺失lacunasinonesletter信中的几处空白,Detailedreading,PartIIparagraph4-9Theauthortellsuswhatisgoodandwhatisbadinlivinginaforeigncountry.Hesupportshisargumentswiththeexperienceofhisownfamilyandthedifferencebetweenhisgenerationandthegenerationofhisownchildren.,PartIIparagraph4-9,Whatdoyouthinkaretheadvantagesanddisadvantageofstudyingorlivingabroad?Whatarethecostsandbenefitsofraisingchildreninaforeignculture?Findoutevidencesinthetext.,Para.4-Paraphrase,Andourphysicalseparationfromournativelandisnotmuchofanissue.(Paragraph4)Andlivingawayfromournativecountrydoesnotmattermuch(inourchildrensacquisitionofournativelanguage).,Translation,吸二手烟的青少年长大以后患心脏疾病的机率比较高.(expose)Teensexposedtosecond-handsmokehaveahigherriskofdevelopingheartdiseaselaterinlife.,Objectlesson,astrikingpracticalexampleofsomeprincipleorideal,aneventorstorythatshowsyoutherightorwrongwayofdoingsomething实例Theyrespondedtodailyemergenciesinawaythatwasanobjectlessontousall.Thatwasanobjectlesseninhowtohandleadifficultcustomer.,Folly,averystupidthingtodo,especiallyonethatislikelytohaveseriousresultsSmitafolly在你找到新的工作前就辞职是不明智的。Itwouldbefollytoquityourjobbeforefindinganewone.,Para.5Comprension,Whydotheauthorandhisfamilygobackhomeforthesummer?(Paragraph5),AesopsFables,TheAesopsFablesreferstoacollectionoffablescreditedtoAesop(620-560BC),aslaveandastory-tellerthatlivedinAncientGreece.,Thefablesremainapopularchoiceformoraleducationofchildrentoday.,LaFontainesFables,ItisacollectionofancientfableswhichhavebeenreorganizedbyLaFontaine,asuperficialwriterofmorallessonsforchildren.,ItisregardedasamirrorofthesociallifeofFranceinthe17thcenturyontheperceptiveviewofhumannature.,TakeprideinbeingAmerican,haveafeelingofgreatpleasureorsatisfactionofbeinganativeAmerican.Theteamhasachievedunprecedentedsuccessthisseason.Alltheplayerstakeprideinbeingamemberofthisteam.Afteryearsofhardwork,shetakesprideinwritingbeautifully.她对自己三个孩子的成就感到万分自豪。Shetookgreatprideinthesuccessofherthreechildren.,Para.6-Comprehension,HowmuchdoyouknowaboutAmericanrevolution?,Para.6-Comprehension,DidtheauthorachievethepurposeofhissummertravelintheU.S.?,Re-enact,toperformtheactionsofastory,crimeetcthathappenedinthepastAtthechurch,childrenre-enactedtheChristmasstory.are-enactmentofthecrimeEnact:establish,performSeveralbillswereenactedattheendofthissessionofParliament.,Skirmish,afightbetweensmallgroupsofsoldiers,shipsetc,especiallyonethathappensawayfromthemainpartofabattle-usedinnewsreports小冲突skirmishwith/between/overashortargument,especiallybetweenpoliticalorsportsopponents小争论在争论开始之前的关于规则的小争论askirmishovertherulesbeforethedebatebegan.,Goggle-eyed,gas-protectiongogglesprotectivegogglessafetygogglesskiinggogglessnowgoggles,Make-believe:whenyouimagineorpretendthatsomethingisrealortrueHeseemstobelivinginaworldofmake-believe.childreninthemiddleofamake-believeadventureTheymakebelievetheywereprincesandprincesses.,Translation,让我们来假扮成医生.Letsmakebelievewearedoctors.,Para.7,Swell-swelled-swollentobecomelargerthannormal,usuallybecauseofliquidcollectinginside:MyanklestendtoswellwhenItravelbyair.Moisturecausesthetimbertoswell.beswollenwithsomething:Theriverwasswollenwithrain.,Gulliver,GulliversTravels(1726,amended1735),isanovelbyIrishwriterandclergymanJonathanSwift,anEnglishmanwhotravelstotheimaginarylandsinJonathanSwiftssatireGulliversTravels.,Para.9,frameofreference:aparticularsetofbeliefs,ideas,orobservationsonwhichonebaseshisjudgement.Theobserverinterpretswhatheseesintermsofhisownculturalframeofreference.我们每个人都以其独特的、有局限性的判断标准来看待这个问题。Eachofusviewstheproblemfromhisparticularandlimitedframeofreference.,Detailedreading,PartIIIparagraph10-12,WhydoestheauthorrecallhisownexperienceasachildinParagraph10?,Whatarethedifferencesbetweentheauthorandhischildrenasexpatriatesataboutthesameage?Whatcausesthedifferences?(Paragraph910),Resonate,re-(=back)+son(=sound)+-ate(V.)回声ifsomethingsuchasaneventoramessageresonates,itseemsimportantorgoodtopeopletosharethesamefeeling.with,fullwith:anideathatresonateswithmanyvotersShemakesasimplestoryresonatewithcomplexthemesandemotions.(充满）,resonate,tomakeasoundthatisproducedasareactiontoanothersoundHissoundresonatedthroughthehall.Resonantadj.Theairwasresonantwiththeshoutsofthechildren.Theresonantnoteofabell.Resonancen.Theresonanceofisvoice,Translation,她的声音在剧院里回荡.Hervoiceresonatedthroughthetheatre.她使一部情节简单的小说充满了复杂的主题和情感。Shemakesasimplestoryresonatewithcomplexthemesandemotions.,liveoutsth.,dosth.thatyouhavethoughtordreamedofdoing.Theinheritancewouldallowhertoliveoutherfantasies.,personify,tohavealotofaparticularqualityorbeatypicalexampleofsomething是的典型Carterpersonifiesthevaluesofself-relianceandhardworkkindness/generosityetcpersonifiedBerthawaskindnesspersonified.tothinkoforrepresentaqualityorthingasapersonpersonifysomethingassomebodyTheriverwaspersonifiedasagoddess.,Translation,诗歌中常把日、月拟人化。Thesunandthemoonareoftenpersonifiedinpoetry.常把蒙著眼睛手持天平的女人当作正义的象徵Justiceisoftenpersonifyasablindfoldwomanholdingapairofscales,paraphrase,CowboysandIndianswereanAmericanclichthathadalreadyreachedparisthroughthemovies,andIaskedagrandparenttosendmeaDavyCrockethatsothatIcouldliveoutthatfairytaleagainstthebackdropofgraypostwarofMontparnasse.CowboysandIndiansweretypicalimagesofAmericanlifeandsociety,whichpeopleinparishadalreadyseenenoughfromthemovies,andIaskedagrandparenttosendmeahatofDavyCrokettsstylesothatIcouldrealizethatfairytaleinthesomber(忧郁的）atmosphereofpostwarMontparnasse.,Para.11,InmydaylittleFrenchkidslookedlikenothingotherthanlittleFrenchkids.(Paragraph11)onlyTheyweregivennothingotherthandrybreadandwaterfortheireveningmealInthedayswhenIlivedinFranceasanexpatriatedchild,FrenchchildrenweredressedintheuniqueFrenchstyle,thuslookingquitedifferentfromtheircounterpartsinothercountries.,Para.12comprension,Whydoestheauthorsaythedevelopmentissad?(Paragraph12),paraphrase,ourchildrenareconfrontingamuchlessjarringculturaldividethanIdid(Paragraph12)ourchildrenarefacedwithamuchlessshockingculturaldifference,immerse,toputsomeoneorsomethingdeepintoaliquidsothattheyarecompletelycoveredCollocation:immersesb./sth.inimmerseoneselfin/beimmersedinImmerseyourfootinicecoldwatertoreducetheswelling.Heleftschoolat16andimmersedhimselfintheLaborparty.Heimmersedhimselfinworksoastostopthinkingabouther.,Translation,克莱尔和菲尔在角落里深谈。ClareandPhilwereimmersedinconversationinthecorner.,paraphrase,Re-entry,whenitcomes,islikelytobesmoother.(Paragraph12)Itseemstobeeasierfor