非谓语动词之分词作状语(公开课)ppt课件

.,Welcometoourclass！,.,非谓语动词作状语,.,了解谓语动词与非谓语动词区别（引）掌握非谓语作状语（学）高考非谓语真题尝鲜（练）如何在写作中运用非谓语动词,Aims:,.,Task1.学会判断非谓语动词,一、考一考判断下列句子里的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。1.HeisteachingEnglish.2.HisjobisteachingEnglish.二、定义谓语动词就是指在句子中充当谓语的动词非谓语动词指的是在句中不是谓语的动词。谓语是对主语动作或状态的陈述或说明，指出“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”。,.,过去分词,不定式,-ing形式,非谓语动词,.,非谓语动词做状语的形式：doing/havingdonedone/havingbeendonetodo/tobedone二.做题方法：析句子结构，找逻辑主语，辩逻辑关系，判动词先后三.高考易混点,.,三、非谓语使用条件,一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下,Shegotoffthebus,butleftherhandbagonherseat.Shegotoffthebus,leavingherhandbagonherseat.,.,四、分析句子结构,辨别“谓与非谓”,1._manytimes,buthestillcouldntunderstandit.,2._manytimes,hestillcouldntunderstandit.,A.HavingbeentoldB.Hewastold,B,_,A,.,3.It_ahotday,wedbettergoswimming.,4._arainyday;wedecidednottogothere.,isB.tobeC.beingD.ItbeingE.ItwasF.been,C,E,注意标点符号,.,五、填词：用studying或者study1）_(study)hard,youwillpassthefinalexam.2)_(study)hard,andyouwillpass,Studying,Study,.,Task2：掌握非谓语作状语,.,1.Seeingfromthespace,theastronautcannotdiscovertheGreatWall.2.Thelawyerlistenedwithfullattention,tryingnottomissanypoint.3.Nothavingreceivedareply,hedecidedtowriteagain.4.Havingwaitedinthequeueforhalfofanhour,theoldmansuddenlyrealizedhehadleftthechequeinthecar.,一.doing/havingdone做状语主语与非谓语动词为主动关系，havingdone强调动作发生在主句谓语动词之前。,Aftertheoldman_inthequeueforhalfanhour,hesuddenlyrealizedhehad,hadwaited,.,_theirhatsintotheair,thefansofthewinningteamletoutloudshoutsofvictory.A.TothrowB.ThrownC.ThrowingD.Havingthrow,doing,havingdone,区别,非谓语动词动作早于主句主语，有明显的先后顺序,非谓语动词动作与主句主语几乎同时发生,.,AfterIhadfinishedthework,Iwentoutwithmyfriends.(变成非谓语动词作状语)_,Iwentoutwithmyfriends.2._inthequeueforhalfofanhour,theoldmansuddenlyrealizedhehadleftthechequeinthecar.A.WaitingB.TowaitC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaited3.（09四川）_manytimes，hefinallyunderstoodit.A.toldB.tellingC.havingtoldD.havingbeentold,Havingfinishedthework,.,4.非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致.1）.Facedwithabillfor$10,000，_.（2006陕西卷）A.JohnhastakenanextrajobB.thebosshasgivenJohnanextrajobC.anextrajobhasbeentakenD.anextrajobhasbeengiventoJohn2).Whilewatchingtelevision，_.（2005全国卷III）A.thedoorbellrangB.thedoorbellringsC.weheardthedoorbellringD.weheardthedoorbellrings,watching,Facedwith,.,1.Seenfromthetopofthemountain,thecitylooksbeautiful.2.Comparedwiththosewholivedintheslums,Childrenherearereallylucky.3.Havingbeenseparatedfromothercontinentsformillionsofyears，Australiahasmanyplantsandanimalsnotfoundinanyothercountriesintheworld.4.HavingbeenshownaroundtheWaterCube,wewerethentakentoseetheBirdsNestforthe2008OlympicGames.,二.done/havingbeendone做状语主语与非谓语动词之间为被动关系；havingbeendone发生在主句谓语动词之前,.,1.Nottofailtheexamination,allthestudentsarestudyinghard.2.Hehurriedtothestation,onlytobetoldthatthetrainhadleft.3.Hehurriedtothebookingofficeonlytofindthatalltheticketshadbeensoldout.4.Ifeelgreatlyhonoredtobewelcomedintotheirsociety.,三.todo做目的，原因，结果状语,目的状语,结果状语,结果状语,原因状语,.,3.考察（be）过去分词+介词1)._withsomuchtrouble,wefailedtocompletethetaskontime.(四川2006)A.FacedB.FaceC.FacingD.Toface2)._somuchtrouble,wefailedtocompletethetaskontime.(选项同上)3)._inthemountainsforaweek,wewerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice.A.HavinglostB.LosingC.BeinglostD.Lost4)._inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor,（dress）,Facing,Dressed,.,_bythebeautyofnature,thegirlfromLondondecidedtospendanothertwodaysonthefarm.A.AttractingB.AttractedC.TobeattractedD.Havingattracted2._writingthearticle,MrsCurieevenforgotherdinner.A.AbsorbedinB.AbsorbinginC.HavingabsorbedbyD.Toabsorbin,.,3.taste,feel,smell,taste，为感官动词，常用现在分词做定语或状语。没有被动语态。1._delicious,theapplessellswell.A.TastedB.TastingC.TotasteD.Havingbeentasted2._sweet,theflowersinthebotanicgardenattractedthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.A.TosmellB.SmellingC.SmeltD.Tobesmelt,.,连词+分词（状语从句的省略）1.Hewontattendhisweddingevenif_.A.beinginvitedB.invitedC.tobeinvitedD.havinginvited2.When_help,oneoftensays,“CanIhelpyou?”A.offeringB.toofferC.tobeofferedD.offered3.Theflowershisfriendgavehimwilldieunless_everyday.(四川2007)A.wateredB.wateringC.waterD.towater,.,2.with的复合结构,with+名词+,doingtododone,.,1.Icouldntdomyhomeworkwithallthatnoise_.A.goingonB.goesonC.wentonD.togoon2_andnowaytoreduceherpainandsufferingfromtheterribledisease,thepatientsoughtherdoctorshelptoendherlife.AHavinggivenuphopeofcureBWithnohopeforcureCTherebeinghopeforcureDInthehopeofcure,.,permitting,welldoanothertwoexercises.如果时间允许，我们将做另两个练习。,GuidanceandExploration3:1)现在分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与主句中主语一致.,2)否则分词必须有自己的主语。这种带主语的分词结构叫做分词的独立结构。在句中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件等。,Time,.,_Sunday,Ishallhaveaquietdayathome.A.BeingB.ItisC.TherebeingD.Itbeing,.,分词作状语,状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分。,.,一起来造句,让步,尽管学生们都看到老师很失望的表情，但是他们还是不顾老师，自己做自己的事情。,1.Notice2.Ignore3.disappoint-ment3.Doonesownbusiness,.,因为他在公共场合吸烟，所以被罚款了,1.Smokeinpublic2.fine(v.罚款),原因,.,你来造个句,1.Themanontheleft/right2.Planttree3.sweat(v.出汗)4.Smoke5.Stand6.Thebird7.Fly/stareat（盯）。,伴随,.,.,被动,主动,语态,doing,havingdone,done,beingdone,havingbeendone,.,1.Becauseshewasmovedbythehero,shedecidedtostudyharder.,.,2.Whenhefoundthedoorlocked,hewenthome.,.,_(see)blackcloudscoveringthesky,hestoppedhisworkandwenthome.,Seeing,.,_(bury埋)inthebook,hedidntnoticethesound.,答案：Buried,.,1.doing或者beingdone几乎同时发生2.Havingdone或者havingbeendone先于谓语动词之前发生3.Done已经发生了的，过去的,.,“Whatabeautifulgardenitis!”saidthegirl,_outofthewindow.A.lookingB.havinglookedC.tolookD.looked_alongway,BobbegantofeeltiredA.WalkingB.HavingwalkedC.TowalkD.walked,.,_inthequeueforhalfanhour,IsuddenlyrealizedthatIhadleftmywalletathome.A.TowaitB.WaitingC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaited,.,过去分词与现在分词被动完成式的比较在句中作状语时，一般情况下可互换。但不强调时间先后，只强调动作的被动时，用过去分词，不用现在分词的被动完成式。如：Caught(Havingbeencaught)intherain,hewasallwet.Havingbeenfoundbythepoliceman,thethiefranawayhurrily.(强调时间先后、完成),补,.,直接在分词前面加not_areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.NotreceivingReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived,.,._thathewasingreatdanger,Ericwalkeddeeperintotheforest.A.NotrealizedB.RealizingnotC.NotrealizingD.Nottohaverealized,.,过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语，此时应注意人称一致。,1）Seenfromthetopofthehill,thecitylooksmorebeautifultous.2）Seeingfromthehill,wefindthecityverybeautiful.,.,_foralongtime,thebooklooksold.1.由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧._thebook,Ifindituseful.2.在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用._(look)ather,hejumpedwithjoy._(look)atbyher,hejumpedwithjoy.,Used,Using,Looking,Looked,.,六.分词短语作状语须注意的问题:,练习:判断正误并改正,1.Standingatthetopofthehill,wecanseeShiyanTown.,(),*现在分词所表示的动作由句子的主语发出,=Whenwestandatthetopofthehill,wecanseeShiyanTown.,.,2.Seenfromthetopofthehill,wecanseeShiyanTown.,(),*Seenfromthetopofthehill,ShiyanTowncanbeseenclearly.,*过去分词表示的动作由句子的主语承受,=whenitisseenfromthetopofthehill,ShiyanTowncanbeseenclearly.,.,3.Moveddeeplybywhathesaid,sohedecidedtohelpthepoorgirl.,(),*去掉so,*分词短语作状语,不能和连词连用.,Becausehewasmoveddeeplybywhathesaid,sohedecidedtohelpthepoorgirl.,(),.,4.Whenvisitedatnight,youmustmakesurethevisitorisreallyyourfriend.,(),=Whenyouarevisited,youmustmakesurethevisitorisreallyyourfriend.,.,5.Theteachercameintotheclassroom,followingbysixstudents.,(),Theteachercameintotheclassroom,followedbysixstudents.,*过去分词的动作由主语承受,而现在分词的动作有主语发出.,.,6.Althoughlaughedatbyothers,hedidntgiveuphishope.,(),=Althoughhewaslaughedatbyothers,hedidntgiveuphishope.,.,解题步骤，我们一起来总结,1、根据句子结构确定分词的语法成分2、找准逻辑主语3、判断主、被动关系4、指出非谓语的动作是发生在句子谓语动作之前还是之后，从而确定考虑用完成式还是一般式。5.最后选定现在或过去分词。,.,今年高考卷尝鲜,32.Filmhasamuchshorterhistory,especiallywhen_suchartformsasmusicandpainting.（2012高考全国卷）A.havingcomparedtoB.comparingtoC.comparetoD.comparedto,.,27._withcare,onetinwilllastforsixweeks.(2012北京)A.UseB.UsingC.UsedD.Touse31._atthedoorbeforeyouentermyroom,please.（2012北京）A.KnockB.KnockingC.KnockedD.Toknock,.,11.Hegotuplateandhurriedtohisoffice,_thebreakfastuntouched.(2012天津)A.leftB.toleaveC.leavingD.havingleft23._toworkovertimethatevening,Imissedawonderfulfilm.（重庆）A.HavingbeenaskedB.ToaskC.HavingaskedD.Tobeasked,.,33Havingfinishedherproject,shewasinvitedbytheschooltothenewstudents.（2012江西）AspeakingBhavingspokenCtospeakDtohavespoken31.Thelecture,_at7:00pmlazenight,wasfollowedbyanobservationofthemoonwithtelescopes.（2012湖南）A.startingB.beingstartedC.tostartD.tobestarted,.,34.Pressedfromhisparents，and_thathehaswastedtoomuchtime,theboyisdeterminedtostopplayingvideogames.（2012福建）A.realizingB.realizedC.torealizeD.beingrealized11.Itssuchaniceplace,Mothersaidasshesatatthetable_forcustomers.（2012浙江）A,tobereservedB,havingreservedC,reservingD,reserved,.,听到你成功戒烟了我非常高兴。面的着巨大的压力，很多人用吸烟来放松自己。吸烟不仅危害了我们的健康，而且对那些不吸烟的人也造成了伤害。意识到吸烟的潜在危害性，现在越来越多的人开始重视他们的身体健康。,Translateashortparagraph.(Firstly,translateitbyyourselves.Youdbetterusethesentencepatternsweh