高考英语一轮复习Unit2Healthyeating（讲）（含解析）新人教版必修3.doc

Unit 2 Healthy eating单元知识预览项目单词及其词性变化（语法填空必备）重点单词1burst vi.爆裂；爆发 n突然破裂，爆发2event n事件；大事3nation n民族；国家；国民national adj.国家的，民族的nationality n国籍4ruin n废墟；毁灭 vt.毁灭；使破产5suffering n苦难；痛苦suffer v受苦，遭受6extreme adj.极度的extremely adv.7injure vt.损害；伤害injured adj.受伤的injury n伤害，损害8destroy vt.破坏；毁坏；消灭9useless adj.无用的；无效的；无益的useful(反义词)use v. & n使用，利用10shock vt. & vi.(使)震惊；震动 n休克；打击；震惊11rescue n. & vt.援救；营救12trap vt.使陷入困境 n陷阱；困境13electricity n电；电流；电学electric adj.用电的；带电的；发电的electrical adj.与电有关的；电学的14disaster n灾难；灾祸15bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏16shelter n掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处17damage n. & vt.损失；损害18frighten vt.使惊吓；吓唬frightened adj.受惊的；受恐吓的frightening adj.令人恐惧的19judge n裁判员；法官 vt.断定；判断；判决judgement n判断，判决20express vt.表示；表达n.快车；速递expression n表达expressive adj.有表现力的重点短语1be/go on a diet 节食 2ought to 应当；应该3lose weight 体重减轻；减肥 4get away with 被放过；(做坏事)不受惩罚5tell a lie 说谎 6win.back 赢回；重新获得7earn ones living 谋生 8in debt 欠债9spy on 暗中监视；侦察 10cut down 削减；删节11before long 不久以后 12put on weight 增加体重13glare at 怒视 14benefit from 受益于15throw away 扔掉；丢弃经典句型（高考书面表达必备）1Nothing could be better. 再没有比这更好的了2He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies! 他可不能让咏慧哄骗人们后跑掉！3Why dont you sit down and try a meal? 你为什么不坐下来吃顿饭呢？必备语法（高级句型）情态动词（2）晨读范文背诵假定你是李芳，你的美国好友Jane数学学得不好，对自己失去了信心，产生了厌学情绪。请你给她发一封电子邮件开导她，要点如下：1没有必要过于伤心；2要振作起来，尽量减少焦虑心理；3和老师交流有助于改善自己的学习；4探索适合自己的有效的学习方法。注意：1. 词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear_Jane，I am sorry to hear that you dont do well in maths and have lost interest in schoolwork. Personally，maths is difficult for most students，so there is no need to feel too bad. At this moment，you should cheer up and find ways to reduce your anxiety. Why not go on an outing with your friends or find time to listen to your favourite music? If you can talk to the teachers who you respect most，they may give you some advice that helps you to improve. Probably its time for you to explore a new learning method which is better and more suitable for you.Anyway，I hope you can rebuild your selfconfidence soon!Yours，Li_Fang语言知识精析重点单词精讲考点1diet n日常饮食vi. 节食【教材原句】Everybody has to eat, but do you eat a healthy diet?每个人都得吃，但是你吃的是健康的饮食吗？【例句研读】(1) The doctor put me on a low-salt diet to reduce my blood pressure. 医生_来降低我的血压。(2) Mary thinks she is too fat that she has to go on a diet.玛丽认为她太胖了，得_。【答案】(1) 控制我的饮食 (2) 节食【归纳拓展】be/go on a dietput sb. on a diet用规定的食谱，控制饮食a diet of sth. 多得令人生厌的事物辨析：diet 指通常吃的食物，尤指规定的食谱，还可作动词“节食”。food 指人或动物所需的食物；或植物所需的养料。We cannot survive without food and drink.【即时巩固】1. _ _ _ _ is bad for your health.太油腻的食物对你健康不利。2. The doctors all suggested I _ _ _ _ .医生们都建议我节食。3. I mustnt have chocolateIm on a _.4. Correct _ is important.I agree. I dont eat sweets now, for Im on a _.A. diet; diet B. food; food C. diet; food D. food; diet考点2balance n.平衡v.平衡；权衡 【教材原句】What will happen to you if you dont eat a balanced diet?如果你不吃平衡的饮食会怎样呢？【例句研读】(1) We must _the good and evil of things.我们必须权衡事物的好坏两个方面。(2) The acrobat _ _ on the high rope.杂技演员在高处的绳子上使自己保持平衡。(3) It is difficult to _ _ _ on an icy pavement.人行道上结了冰，要想不摔倒可不容易。【答案】(1) balance (2) balanced himself(3) keep ones balance【归纳拓展】balanced adj. 平稳的，安定的，和谐的in the balance 悬而未决the balance of forces 力量对比out of balance 失去平衡keep ones balance 保持平衡，保持镇静lose ones balance 失去平衡，失去镇静throw sb. off the balance 使某人失去平衡，使某人慌乱【即时巩固】(1) How long can you _ on one foot?你能单脚站立多久？(2) Try to achieve_ _ _between work and play. 争取把工作和娱乐更好地结合起来。(3) Try to_ _ _ by eating more fruit and less protein. 多吃些水果, 少摄入些蛋白质, 使饮食均衡合理。(4) While standing on a moving bus, youre supposed to hold onto the bar in order not to _.A. in balance B. keep balance C. lose balance D. hold the balance【答案】(1) balance (2) a better balance (3) balance your diet (4) C考点3lie n谎话；谎言 vt.&vi.说谎；躺，处于(某位置)【教材原句】He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!他不能让雍慧哄骗人们却不受到惩罚。【例句研读】(1) The man must be a spy and was _ _ _.这名男子一定是个间谍且在说谎。(2) You are _ and _ cannot cover up facts.你在说谎，但谎言掩盖不了事实。(3) The factory _ _ the west of the town.工厂在镇的西边。【答案】(1) telling a lie (2) lying ；lies (3) lies to【归纳拓展】tell a lie/lies 说谎tell the truth 说实话a white lie 善意的谎言a big lie 弥天大谎lie to sb.向某人撒谎lie in 在于；处于lie down 躺下；屈服lie on ones side/back/stomach 侧卧/仰卧/俯卧There lies. 某地有提示：易混词形变化：lie撒谎liedlied躺laylainlyinglay 放；产卵laidlaidlaying【即时巩固】(1) Dont _ your coat on the bed.不要把你的外衣放在床上。(2) What makes Tom unpopular with his fellows?_.-什么使汤姆不受同事欢迎？-说谎。(3) I really regret _to you, but at that time, I had no choice. A. to tell a lie B. telling a lie C. tell a lie D. telling a lie【答案】(1) lay (2) Telling lies (3) B.考点4consult vt.&vi. 向咨询；查阅 【教材原句】She did not consult a doctor but lived on a diet of rice, raw vegetables,bananas and lemons.她没有咨询医生，但是吃谷物，蔬菜，香蕉和柠檬。【例句研读】(1) Youd better _ a doctor _ your illness.你最好找医生咨询一下你的病情。(2) When you take a geography exam, you may _.参加地理考试时，你可以查阅地图。【答案】(1) consult about (2) consult a map【归纳拓展】consultant n会诊医生；顾问consulting adj. 咨询的；顾问的consult sb. about sth. 向某人请教某事consult a book (a dictionary )查书(字典)consult with sb. 同某人商量a consulting engineer 顾问工程师【即时巩固】(1) Before a decision has been made, youd better _. 在作决定之前，最好找你父亲商量一下。(2) )He is _ his advisor.他正同他的顾问磋商事情。 【答案】(1) consult your father(2) consulting with考点5limit n界限；限度v限制；限定【教材原句】 But I found your menu so limited that I stopped worrying and started advertising the benefits of my food.但是我发现你菜谱上的菜太少了，所以我也就不着急了，开始宣传我的餐馆食物的好处。【例句研读】(1) Ive _ _ _ 1 000 calories a day to try to lose weight.我试着减肥，限定自己每天摄入1 000卡的热量。(2) The speed _on this road is 70 mph. 这条路的车速限制是每小时70英里。(3) There s _ _ _how much I m prepared to spend. 我准备花多少钱是有限度的。【答案】(1) limited myself to (2) limit (3) a limit to 【归纳拓展】limited adj. 有限的 limitless adj. 无限制的limitation n. 限制；限制条件，不足之处go beyond/over the limit 超过限度within limits 在一定范围内；有限度的within the limits of 在的范围内without limit 无限(制)地set a limit to sth. 对规定限度be limited to sth. 受限制于limit sth. to sth. 把限定在的范围内【即时巩固】用limit的短语或其适当形式填空。(1) Ones energy is _.一个人的精力是有限的。(2) _ _ _ _ (没有止境) what you can do if you try.如果你尝试的话，你能够做到的是没有止境的。(3) We must _ our weekly expenses _ ten pounds.我们必须把我们每周的花费限制在十英镑范围呢。(4) Only a _ number of places are available.只有有限的地方可以到达。【答案】(1) limited (2) There s no limit to (3) limit; to (4) limited考点6curiosity n. 好奇心 【教材原句】 Curiosity drove Wang Peng inside.好奇心驱使王鹏走了进去。【例句研读】(1) He opened the letter _ _ _.处于好奇，他打开了那封信。(2) Children are _ _ _ the world around themselves/孩子对周围世界充满好奇。(3) _ enough, he didnt appear at the meeting.令人好奇地，他没有在会议上出现。【答案】(1)out of curiosity (2) curious to know (3) curiously【归纳拓展】curious adj. 好奇的 curiously adv. 好奇地out of curiosity 出于好奇with curiosity = curiously好奇地 be curious about sth. 对某事好奇 be curious to do sth. 好奇地做某事【即时巩固】用curiousity的短语或其适当形式填空。(1) Margaret looked at him _ _.玛格丽特好奇地看着他。(2) She decided to try a cigarette _ _ _.她出于好奇决定试一只香烟。(3) _ drove Mary to open her husband s letter though she knew it was wrong.好奇心驱使她打开了她丈夫的信，尽管她知道这是错的。【答案】(1) with curiosity (2) out of curiosity (3) Curiosity 考点7benefit vt. 有益于 vi. 得益于（常与from, by连用） n. 利益，好处；津贴【教材原句】But I found your menu so limited that I stopped worrying and started advertising the benefits of my food.但是我发现你菜谱上的菜太少了，所以我也就不着急了，开始宣传我的餐馆食物的好处。【例句研读】 (1) The rain _the plants. = The plants _ _the rain. 这场雨有益于植物。(2) This dictionary will be _ _ _ _ me. 这本字典将对我有很大的好处。(3) The warning sign was put there _ _ _ _ the public.这个警示牌被放在那里为了提醒公众。【答案】(1) benefits (2) benefit from (3) of great benefit to (4) for the benefit of【归纳拓展】benefit sb./someplace 使某人/某地受益benefit from/by sth.receive/gain benefit from sth.得益于某事be of great/much benefit to sb.be very beneficial to sb. 对某人有好处for the benefit of.为了帮助；为了的利益【即时巩固】(1) The new hospital will _the entire community.这所新医院将使整个社区受益。(2) I _much _ my fathers advice.我从父亲的建议中获益颇多。(3) Moderate exercise will be _ _ _ _ you.适度运动对你有很多益处。(4) She went there _ _ _ _ her health.她为了健康而去了那里。【答案】(1) benefit (2) benefited from (3) of much benefit to(4) for the benefit of考点8combine vt. & vi. (使)联合；(使)结合【教材原句】 Perhaps we ought to combine our ideas and provide a balanced menu with food full of energy and fibre.或许我们应该把我们的想法结合起来，做出一份富有热量和纤维的均衡食谱。【例句研读】(1) Some films _ education _ recreation.有些电影把教育与娱乐结合起来。(2) Circumstances have _ _ruin our plans for a holiday. 各种情况凑在一起破坏了我们的假日计划。【答案】(1) combine with (2) combined to 【归纳拓展】combination n. 结合；联合；化合(物) combined adj. 联合起来的combine into. 联合成combine.with. 把与结合起来a combination of. 一种的结合(物)in combination with 与联合起来【即时巩固】(1) The two small shops _ to make a large one.这两个小店合并起来成为了一个大商店。(2)Pink is _ red and white.粉红色是红色与白色的混合色。【答案】(1) combined (2) a combination of重点短语精讲考点1lose weight体重减轻；减肥【教材原句】Want to lose weight?想减肥吗？【例句研读】(1) She is trying _ _ _. 她在努力减肥。(2)You had better _ _by exercising . 你最好要通过锻炼来减肥。(3)You can keep fit by_ _.你可以通过减肥来保持健康。【答案】（1）to lose weight(2)lose weight(3) losing weight【归纳拓展】(weight短语及lose短语：put on weight（指人）增加体重，长胖be/take a weight/load off sb s mind使自己/某人如释重负lost heart 泄气；灰心lose one s heart (to sb/sth): fall in love 爱上；锺情於lose one s life 丧生；遇害lose one s balance 失去平衡lose one s breath气喘嘘嘘；上气不接下气lose one s head 昏了头，张皇失措，冲动lose one s temper发脾气lose one s job 失业lose one s way: become lost 迷路lose touch (with sb/sth) 失去和某人/事物的联系lose interest in sth/sb 对某事物/人失去兴趣lose sight of sb/sth 看不见某人/物；忽略或未考虑某事物 lose face 丢脸【即时巩固】(1) No matter what I do, my efforts _always end in failure. 无论我做什么，我减肥的努力最终以失败告终。(2) He s _ _ _ since he gave up smoking. 自从他戒烟后他长胖了。(3) The news took _ _off his mind .这个消息使他如释重负。【答案】(1) to lose weight (2) put on weight (3)a weight off考点2get away with 偷携某物潜逃；受到（较轻的惩罚）或逃避惩罚【教材原句】He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!他不能让雍慧哄骗人们却不受到惩罚。【例句研读】(1) They raided the bank and got away with a lot of money. 他们抢劫银行, _了大批现款。(2) If you cheat in the exam youll never get away with it. 考试作弊必予_。(3) Nobody gets away with insulting me like that. 这样侮辱我的人, 我是不会_的.【答案】(1) 掠走(2) 追究(3) 放过【归纳拓展】get in 收获；插话get in touch with 与取得联系get into the habit of 染上的习惯get into trouble 陷入困境get out (of.) (使)出去；离开；逃脱；摆脱get over 爬过(墙等)；克服(困难等)；从中恢复过来get through 办完；花完(钱、时间等)；(使)通过；接通电话get down to 认真地静下心(工作)get on well with 相处融洽；(工作的) 进展好【即时巩固】(1)I wont have you _ cheating in the exam.我不能容忍你考试作弊而不受惩罚。(2)He was so lucky to _ only a fine for such a serious mistake.他犯了如此严重的错误，侥幸只被罚款了事。(3)How can I _ the flies in the kitchen？我怎样才能把厨房里的苍蝇消灭掉？(4)Hes not very good at _ his ideas _.他不太善于清楚地表达自己的思想。【答案】(1) getting away with (2) get rid of (3) get away with(4) getting across考点3in debt 欠债【教材原句】He did not look forward to being in debt because his restaurant was no longer popular.他不希望由于餐馆不受欢迎而负债。【例句研读】(1) You saved my life: I am forever in your debt. 你救了我的命: 我永远感恩不尽。(2) The couple worked hard day and night in order to _.为了还清所有的债务，这对夫妇夜以继日地拼命干活。 (3)Quantities of water _ (be) polluted now.(4)A great deal of oil _ (be) poured into the sea and did great harm to creatures in the water.(5)Many a famous writer _(be) an alumnus(撰搞人) of a local newspaper. 【答案】（1）are（2）was；were（3）are（4）was（5）is【归纳拓展】be in heavy debt负债累累be in debt to sb.欠某人债pay off all the debts还清债务(动作)be out of debt不欠债(状态)get/run into debt陷入债务run up huge debts高筑债台 “in + n.” 表示“在（情况、状况、状态）中”：in danger 在危险中 in trouble陷入困境，倒霉in order 井井有条in surprise 吃惊in public 当众，公开in ruins 呈废墟状态in sight 看见in silence沉默着【即时巩固】根据句子意思用debt短语和 “in + n.” 结构填空。(1). He _ _ _ after he was out of work. (2). He did all he could to _ _ _ _ in five years.(3). He was _ _ when he was young, but has been _ _ _ since he got rich.(4). James was _ _, but I dont know how to help him out.(5). After the war, the whole city was _ _.【答案】(1). ran/got into debt (2). pay off his debts (3). in debt; out of debt (4). in trouble ( 5). in ruins考点4. before long 不久以后【教材原句】Their balanced diets became such a success that before long WangPeng became slimmer and Yong Hui put on more weight.他们的均衡食谱非常有效，王鹏很快就瘦了，而雍慧却胖了。【例句研读】(1). That happened _ _.(2). I ve seen that film _ _.(3). His plan seemed to be too difficult, but _ _ it proved to be practicable.【答案】(1). long ago (2). long before (3). before long【归纳拓展】long before 很久以前long ago 很久以前【即时巩固】(1)_ he stayed in Germany for half a year and he will go to Germany _again.A. Before long; before long B. Long before; long beforeC. Before long; long before D. Long before; before long【答案】D考点5. cut down，使倒下；削减，压缩；减价【教材原句】In this way they cut down the fat and increased the fibre in the meal.就这样，他们在饭菜中减少了脂肪而增加了纤维。【例句研读】(1). He used to cut down trees, but he plants trees now.他过去_，而现在植树。(2). )I have to cut down smoking.我得_抽烟。(3). He was asking $100 for the vase, but I cut him down to$75.这个花瓶要价100美元，但我_75美元。【答案】(1).砍树(2). 减少，削减 (3).砍到了【归纳拓展】cut across走捷径，穿过去cut in插话；让某人分享利润cut off中止，切断；隔绝cut out删除；裁剪cut up劈碎，切碎；使难过；(严重地)割伤cut short突然停止，中断(活动)cut through穿过；克服；避开；剪断【即时巩固】(1)It is a great pleasure for a woman to _ the price while shopping.A. cut in B. cut down C. cut off D. cut up(2). For the Turner sisters and their classmates，taking a parttime job might _ their time for study. Acut off Bcut into Ccut down Dcut away【答案】（1）B（2）C经典句型剖析考点1. Nothing could be better.【教材原句】Nothing could be better. 没有什么比这更好的了。【句法分析】此句中形容词(或副词)的比较级 better与否定词 nothing连用，表达最高级的含义。常用的否定词有 no, not, never, nothing, nobody, hardly等与比较级连用，表示最高级的含义。【例句研读】(1)I think nothing is more pleasant than travelling.我想没有什么比旅行更令人愉快的了。(2)Nobody loves money better than he.没人比他更贪财。(3)Did you sleep well last night? 你昨晚睡得怎样？Never better, like a rock. 从来没这么好过，像块石头【拓展归纳】下列结构也可表示最高级的含义：(1)否定词soadj./adv.(原级)suchadj.(原级)n.(2)adj./adv.(比较级)thanany othern. (单数)any of the othern. (复数)You havent done such a foolish thing!你从没有做过这么傻的事！(这是你做过的最傻的事。)Bill runs faster than any other boyany of the other boys in his class.在班里比尔跑得比别的男孩快。【考点聚焦】考查最高级的表达法。【即时巩固】1. Did you listen to Mr Jacksons lecture?Yes, I have never heard a _ one.Amore excitingBmore excitedCmost exciting Dmost excited【答案】A 2. -Are you pleased with what he has done?-It couldnt be _. Why didnt he put more effort into his work?A. any worse B. much better C. so bad D. the best【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：你对他的所作所为满意吗？一点儿也不满意。简直糟糕透了。他为什么不更加努力地工作呢？根据上文的回答“一点儿也不满意”说明“他的工作”不好，故排除BD选项。比较级用于否定句中往往有肯定的最高级含义。用B项的话，意思正好相反，即“他的工作十分令人满意”。选A。考点：考查形容词的辨析和比较等级的用法3. - Our trip to Xinjiang is like tasting a thick book of Xinjiang history and culture. - Absolutely! Ive never had one before. A. a pleasant B. a more pleasant C. a most pleasant D. the most pleasant【答案】B考点：考查形容词用法。考点2 have sb doing/done / do sth .结构【教材原句】He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies! 他不可能让咏慧哄骗人们后跑掉！【句法分析】(1)have sb. do sth. “使某人做某事”，不定式做宾补省略 to，但其被动式(sb. be made to do sth.)不能省略 to。含此种“使得”意义的其他动词还有 make, let, lead, drive等，如： No one can have Tom do this. 没人能使汤姆做这件事。(2)have sth. done 包含两层意思：一种是“请别人做某事”；另一种为“承担外界或别人做某事的后果”。(3)have sb. (sth.) doing 有两层含义：一种是“使处于某种状态或作出某种反应”；另一种是“允许、听任某种事情发生”，这种用法一般用于否定句中。(4)have sth. to do 意为“有某事要做”，have 意为“有，拥有”。不定式 to do是宾语 sth.的定语，句子的主语是不定式动作的执行者。如果是 to be done做定语时，说明该不定式是由别人发出的。【例句研读】（1）She had her bag stolen.她的包被偷了。（2）He had his audience listening attentively.他吸引住了听众的注意力。（3）No one can have me leave the office.没有人能使我离开办公室。【考点聚焦】考查have +宾语+宾补 结构【即时巩固】1. We cant have people _ late all the time.Aarrive Bto arriveCarriving Darrived【答案】C【解析】用于否定句中 cant have sb. doing 意为“不能允许”。2. Is this TV set _ you wish to have _？Athe one; repaired Bwh