新概念2第15课课件.ppt

,Attheteachers,Lesson15Goodnews,secretary,Youarewantedbytheboss.,businessisbad,Itsmyturn.,Iwantamealandaglassofbeer.,？,？,Whatreallyhappened?,afford,a)(=tobeabletobuyorpayfor)买得起，付得起,通常和can,could,beableto连用1）他买得起轿车。2）Thankstobuythesuccessofthebusiness,wecanaffordacottage.3)你买得起这个样品。不是很贵。,Hecanafford(tobuy)acar.,多亏了生意兴隆，我们今年能够买一幢别墅。,Youcanaffordthismodel.Itsnotveryexpensive.,b)(=tobeabletospendtime,give,do,etc,withoutseriouslossordamage表示“抽出时间，能够常和can,beableto,could连用,1）我抽不出三周休假时间。2）我最近没有去看过电影。我抽不出时间。,Icantaffordthreeweeksawayfromwork.,Ihaventbeentothecinemarecently/lately.Icantaffordthetime.,nervous,(=restlessoruneasy)紧张的；害怕的1）考试使我感到紧张。2）他害怕陌生人。3）别紧张大夫不会弄痛你的。4）她对乘飞机旅行感到紧张。,Examinationsmakemenervous.,Hesnervousofstrangers.,Dontbenervous-thedoctorwonthurtyou.,Shewasnervousabouttravellingbyair.,Lookup,a)(=toraiseoneshead)抬头我抬起头来看时，见到有学生静静地看着我。b)(=tosearchorconsult)查阅，查找你应该在字典上查一下这个单词。,WhenIlookedup,Isawfivestudentswatchingmequietly.,Youshouldlookthewordupinthedictionary.,interrupt,(=stopormakeabreak)打断，停止1）他打断了我的话。2）他们停止了工作，以便吃午饭。3）你打断了我的思路。,HeinterruptedmewhileIwasspeaking.,Heinterruptedhisworktoeathislunch.,Youinterruptedmythoughts.,secretary秘书,nervous紧张的,afford负担得起,weak弱的,interrupt打断、插话,1、ThesecretarytoldmethatMr.Harmsworthwouldseeme.,Directspeechandindirectspeech直接引语和间接引语,例如：约翰说：“我喜欢看故事书。”（直接引语）,Johnsaid，“Ilikereadingstorybooks.”,约翰说他喜欢看故事书。（间接引语）,Johnsaidthathelikedreadingstorybooks.,他说：“我非常喜欢它。”,Hesaid，“Ilikeitverymuch.”,他说他非常喜欢它。,Hesaidthathelikeditverymuch.,定义,A.直接引述别人的话，叫,“直接引语”。,B.用自己的话转述别人的话，叫,“间接引语”。,间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。直接引语一般前后要加引号，间接引语不用引号。,(一)人称的转变,Hesaid，“Iamverysorry.”Hesaidthathewasverysorry.,直接引语中的第一人称，一般转换为第三人称，,“Youshouldbemorecarefulnexttime,”myfathertoldme.MyfathertoldmethatIshouldbemorecarefulthenexttime.,直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对转述人说的，转换为第一人称,Shesaidtoherson,“Illcheckyourhomeworktonight.”Shesaidtohersonthatshewouldcheckhishomeworkthatnight.,直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对第三人称说的，转换成第三人称。,Heaskedme,“Willyougotothestationwithmetomeetafriendofminethisafternoon?”HeaskedmewhetherIwouldgotothestationwithhimtomeetafriendofhisthatafternoon.,人称的转换包括人称代词、物主代词和名词性物主代词等，,总之，人称的转换不是固定的，具体情况，具体对待，要符合逻辑。,Practice:,1.Hesaid,”Iamreadyfortheinterview.”2.“Youcantelephonethepolice,”Itoldhim.3.“Ihaventbroughtmyresume,”thestudentsaid.4.Hesaid,”Ihaveleftmyresumeinyourroom.”,Hesaid(that)hewasreadyfortheinterview.,Itoldhimthathecouldtelephonethepolice.,Thestudentsaid(that)hehadntbroughthisresume.,Hetoldmethathehadlefthisresumeinmyroom,Summarize:,状语变化有其内在规律，时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”;指示代词由“此”改为“彼”.,时间,nowtodayyesterdaytomorrowlastweek(month)nextyeartwodaysago,then,thatday,thedaybefore,thenext(following)day,theweek(month)before,thenextyear,twodaysbefore,Shesaid,“Illfinishtheworkthismorning.”Hesaid,“Itsnineoclocknow.”Hesaid,“Ihaventseenhertoday.”Shesaid,“Iwentthereyesterday.”Shesaid,“Illgotheretomorrow.”Shesaid,“Heleftt30minutesago.”,（二）状语及某些对比性的指示代词的变化,Changthefollowingdirectspeechintoindirectspeech.,Shesaidthatshewouldfinishtheworkthatmorning.,Hesaidthatitwasnineoclockthen.,Hesaidthathehadntseenherthatday.,Shesaidthatshehadgonetherethedaybefore.,Shesaidthatshewouldgotherethenextday.,Shetoldmethathehadleft30minutesbefore.,地点状语：,here,there,指示代词,thisthese,that,those,动词：,comebring,go,take,Practice:,Changthefollowingsentencesintoindirectspeech.,Shesaid,“Iwontgothereanymore.Hesaid,“Thiswillbefinishedtomorrow.”Paulsaid,“IvisitedChinalastyear.”Hesaid,“Mysisterwashereoneweekago.”,Shesaidshewouldntcomehereanymore.,Hesaidthatwouldbefinishedthenextday.,PaulsaidhehadvisitedChinatheyearbefore.,Hesaidthathissisterhadbeenthereoneweekbefore.,时态的变化,直接引语改为间接引语时，主句中的谓语动词如果是过去时，从句(即间接引语部分)的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化，原则是把直接引语的时态推后一个过去时,Summarize:,(三)时态的转换,Shesaid.Wehopeso.”Shesaidtheyhopedso.Shesaid.Ihavelostapen.”ShesaidshehadlostapenShesaid.Hewillgotoseehisfriend.”Shesaidhewouldgotoseehisfriend.Hesaid，“Imusingtheknife.”Hesaidthathewasusingtheknife.Hesaid，“Ihadfinishedmyhomeworkbeforesupper.”Hesaidthathehadfinishedthehomeworkbeforesupper.,变宾语从句须注意,都有引导词,语序正常,时态对应,肯定句否定句,一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,陈述句语序,that,If/whether,特殊疑问词,注意：当主句是过去时时,exercises,确定从句的时态(根据主句时态),主句时态,从句时态,连接前,连接后,一般现在时,时态保持不变,一般过去时,一般现在时,一般过去时,一般过去时,过去完成时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时,过去完成时,由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略,e.g.Ihear(that)_.（一小时后他会回来）Hesaid(that)_.（他非常想念我们）Theteachertoldus(that)_.（地球围着太阳转）,hewillbebackinanhour,hemissedusverymuch,theearthmovesaroundthesun,注意：当从句是客观真理的时候，无论主句什么时态，从句一律用一般现在时,由连接代词what,whom,whose,which,what及连接副词when,where,how,why引导的宾语从句,whenwellhaveameeting,whereheis,howIcangettothestation,whythetrainislate,whocouldanswerthequestion,whosehandwritingwasthebestintheclass,whomtheyarewaitingfor,由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句,e.g.1.Iwanttoknow_.（他是否跟我们一起去公园）2.Askhim_.（他是否能来）3.Idontknow_.（是否要下雨）,if(whether)hewillgototheparkwithus,whether(if)hecancome,whetheritisgoingtorainornot,当句末为ornot时，引导词只能用whether而不能用if.,将下列句子合并为一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyousayatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketomakefriendswithus?Heasked.4.“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.5.“Iwillcomeback.”Tomsaid.,Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.,Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillsayatthemeeting?,Heaskediftheylikedtomakefriendswiththem.,Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.,Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback.,6.“Ishedoinghishomework?”Jimasked.7.“Whenwillhecomeback?”Tomasked.8.“HowcanIgettothestation?”Couldyoutellme?9.“Whyisthetrainlate?”Wouldyoutellme?10.“WhereisTom?”Theyasked.,Tomaskedwhenhewouldcomeback.,CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?,Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?,TheyaskedwhereTomwas.,Jimaskedifhewasdoinghishomework.,If与whether的区别,Idontknow_hewillcomeornot.Idontcareof_heishandsome.Hewondered_tostayherethenextweek._hewillcomeisnotdecided.,与ornot连用只能用whether,介词后只能用whether,与todo不定式连用只能用whether,作主语只能用whether,宾语从句，是指由一个句子充当主句动词或动词短语的宾语。,E.g.Iknowthatthisisaninterestingbook.Couldyoutellmehowlongyouhavebeenhere?,2、IfeltverynervouswhenIwentintohisoffice.,“感觉”类:与五种感觉器官相关的动词.常见的有:look(看起来)，feel(摸上去)，smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来)，sound(听起来)等。例如:Whathesayssounds(like)agoodidea.Thoseorangestastegood.Shelooksmuchyoungerinherreddress.,feel作系动词的用法,1.表”某物体给人的感觉”,只用一般现在或过去时2.表”主语自身的感觉”,用于各种时态,-Howareyoutoday?-Oh,IhaventfeltasillasIdonowforalongtime.,Imfeelingalittlebettertoday.,Silkfeelssoft.,Choosethebestanswer,1.Thewater_coolwhenIjumpedintothepoolformorningexercise.A.wasfeltB.isfeltC.felt,Choosethebestanswer,2.Heshookhishead_andlooked_whenhewastoldthebadnews.A.sadly;sadlyB.sad;sadC.sadly;sadD.sad;sadly,Choosethebestanswer,3.Ilovetogototheforestinsummer.It_goodtowalkintheforestorsitintheshadeoftrees.A.doesB.feelsC.getsD.makes,Choosethebestanswer,4.-Iwaswonderingifwecouldgoskatingontheweekend.-_good.A.SoundB.SoundedC.SoundingD.Sounds,3、HedidnotlookupfromhisdeskwhenIentered.,Helooked_fromhisbookwhenheheardanoise.,up,lookup表示原先在埋头干什么，之后抬头看,Shelookedtheword_inadictionary.,up,英语里，表达“查词典”，常见的词语就是lookup,知识拓展,Dontlook_others.,downon/upon,lookdownupon/onsb.瞧不起某人,4、AfterIhadsatdown,hesaidthatbusinesswasverybad.,1、Itsmy_not_(you).这是我的事不是你的。,business,yours,2、Hehas_onforaweek.他已经出差一周了。,busibess事情,been,business,goonbusiness出差,5、Hetoldmethatthefirmcouldnotaffordtopaysuchlargesalaries.,such和so的用法,1、LasttimeIsawhimhewas_fat!2、Hewasnot_muchangryasdisappointed.,so,so,so是副词，意思为“这（那）么；这（那）样；如此地”，主要用来修饰形容词、副词和分词。,1、Howeverdidyoumake_amistake?2、Ihaveneverheardof_athing.3、Whyareyouin_ahurry?,such,such,such,直接跟名词时，用such；,1、_thingsoftenhappeninourdailylife.2、_peoplearedangerous.3、Whalesare_smartanimalsthattheycommunicatewitheachother.4、Hemade_stupidmistakesthattheteachertoreupthewholepaper.,Such,Such,such,such,后接可数名词的复数形式或集合名词，无论有无修饰语都用such，,1、Didyoueversee_weather?2、Youcantdrink_hotmilk.3、Shemade_rapidprogressthatshesoonbegantowritearticlesinEnglish.,such,such,such,后接不可数名词，无论有无修饰语都用such，,1、Ihaveneverseen_atallman.2、Ihaveneverseen_tallaman.3、Heisnot_acleverboyashisbrother.4、Heisnot_cleveraboyashisbrother.,such,so,such,so,跟带有形容词的名词时，既可以用such，也可以用so，但应注意冠词位置的不同，so+adj+a/an+n.such+a/an+adj+n.,6、Iknewthatmyturnhadcome.,1.Itsyourturn_(recite)thepassage.轮到你背诵这篇课文了。,torecite,Itsonesturntodo.表示“轮到某人做某事。”,1.Taketurns_(offer)eachotherthefoodinPart2inpairs.两人一组，轮流请对方吃第二部分列出的食物。2.Wetaketurns_(make)dinner.我们轮流做晚饭。,tooffer,tomake,taketurnstodo，表示“轮流做某事”,7、Mr.Harmsworth,Isaidinaweakvoice.,inavoice用的声音inaloud(大声)/low(低声)/weak(强调心里不踏实)/strong(理直气壮)voice,8、ThenhesmiledandtoldmeIwouldreceiveanextrathousandpoundsayear!,以下几个词都可表示“再,又”的意思,注意用法:anextrathousand(作名词看)数量+extra+名词再有多少OnSundays,Iusuallygetsomeextrasleep.Lastmonth,hewaspaidanextrahundredpounds.twoothers=twoother+名词twomoreGivemetwoextra/other/morebooks.再给我两本书。oncemore:再一次anotherthreedays另外三天（只有another的数词在后面）,Hetoldmethatthefirmcouldnotaffordtopaymuchlargesalaries.,affordf:dv.提供,供应得起,给予词形变化:动词过去式:afforded过去分词:afforded现在分词:affording第三人称单数:affords例句与用法:1.Icantaffordaholidaythissummer.今年夏天我无法度假。2.Thesetreesaffordapleasantshade.这些树提供了荫凉。3.Wewouldgivemoreexamplesifwecouldaffordthespace.假如我们能匀出篇幅来,就可以多举些例子了.4.IdlovetogoonholidaybutIcantaffordthetime.我倒想去度假,可是抽不出时间来.5.Televisionaffordspleasuretomany.电视给很多人带来乐趣.6.Theywalkedbecausetheycouldntafford(totake)ataxi.他们因为坐不起计程车而步行.,ThesecretarytoldmethatMr.Harmsworthwouldseeme.Ifeltveryner