英语语法-定语从句

Unit4,Grammar,TheAttributiveClause1专题一健康减肥网,Thekindsofattribute(定语):,1.Heisanhonestboy.2.Weloveourcountry.3.Whatsyourtelephonenumber?4.MarxfounditimportanttostudythesituationinRussia.,定语：对句中名词或代词起修饰,限定作用的句子成分，常翻译为“-的”。,形容词,代词,名词,介词短语,5.adevelopingcountryadevelopedcountry,分词,1.TheforeignerpresentatthemeetingisfromAmerica.,6.Themangivingaspeechisourheadmaster.,7.HeiswritingabookwrittenbyLuXun.,8.Ihavealotofaffairstodealwith.,9.TheforeignerwhovisitedourschoolyesterdayisfromCanada.,现在分词短语,过去分词短语,不定式,从句,5.theswimmingpoolthedininghall,动名词,10.Thegirl,whoisdressedinred,isLucy.,whoisinred,inred,Whoisstandingthere,standingthere,dressedinred,Thepositionsoftheattribute:（定语的位置）,单个的词作定语时要常放于被修饰词的前面，短语或从句作定语时要放于被修饰词的后面。再例如：,Sheisthegirl(whocanspeakEnglishverywell).（定语从句）TheforeignerpresentisfromAmerica.,1.定义：,又称形容词性从句，在复合句中修饰名词或代词，起定语作用。,2.先行词：,被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。,3.引导词：关系代词关系副词,引导定语从句的词。,定语从句,关系代词,关系副词,which,that,who,whom,whose等,where,why,when,在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语和表语,在定语从句中作状语,Relativepronouns,Relativeadverbs,Themanwholivesnexttoussellsvegetables.,先行词,放置于名词之_，修饰名词的从句,关系词,连接作用，引导定语从句，连接着主句和定语从句；,1.,3.,在定语从句中充当主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语成分。,后,Theman,wholivesnexttous,who,2.,代替主句中的先行词，或主句的一部分或整个主句。,关系词,关系代词,关系副词,who指人，主语，宾语whom指人，宾语,that指人，物，主语，宾语，表语which指物，可代替先行词、主句或主句的一部分，主语，宾语,whose可指人或物，定语,whenwherewhy,注：绝对没有what，how,as可指人或物，可代整个主句。主语，宾语，表语。,关系代词的用法,人；物,物或整个主句,人,人,(人/物)的,主语,宾语，表语,主语,宾语,主语,宾语,宾语,定语,作宾语可省,作宾语可省,作宾语可省,可省,不可省,不可省,1.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。1)Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.2)Helikestoreadbookswhicharewrittenbyforeignwriters.3)Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.4)Thefilm(which)theywenttoseelastnightwasnotinterestingatall.,2.that指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?2)Thepersonthat/whomyouintroducedtomeisverykind.3)Theseasonthat/whichcomesafterspringissummer.4)YesterdayIreceivedaletterthat/whichcamefromAustralia.,3.who指人，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.4.whom指人，作宾语(作宾语可省略，如介词提前则不能省)Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomItalkedisMr.Li.,5.whose在定语从句中作定语，与后面的名词为所属关系。whose多指人，也可指物，先行词是人或物,“-的”。指物时可与ofwhich互换使用。1)Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.2)Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.=Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.3)Doyoulikethebookwhosecoverisyellow?=Doyoulikethebookthecoverofwhichisyellow?,注：关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格,Doyouknowthegirlwhosehairisveryshort?,HeisthestudentwhosepencilIbrokeyesterday.,合并句型：,1.Theroom_windowfacessouthismine.2.Thisisthesinger_nameisknowntousall.3.Hehaswrittenabook_nameIveforgotten.,whose,whose,whose,Hehaswrittenabook(_nameIveforgotten).=Hehaswrittenabook(thenameof_Iveforgotten).=Hehaswrittenabook(of_thenameIveforgotten).,whose,which,which,注：whose+n=,the+n+ofwhich,ofwhich+the+n,Thisisthesinger(_nameisknowntousall).Thisisthesinger(thenameof_isknowntousall).Thisisthesinger(of_thenameisknowntousall).,whose,whom,whom,注：whose+n=the+n+ofwhom或ofwhom+the+n,综合：whose+n=the+n+ofwhich/whom或ofwhich/whom+the+n,一.当先行词是人时,引导词可用who,whom,that.who在从句中作主语或宾语，whom在从句中作宾语，that在从句中作主语，宾语或表语,who,whom,that作宾语时，可省略。,1.Letsasktheman（_isreadingthebookoverthere）.2.Thegirl（_wesawyesterday）isJimssister.3.Tomisnolongertheperson（_heusedtobe）.,who/that,主语,that/who/whom/省略,宾语,that,表语,二.当先行词是物时，引导词可用that/which.that在从句中作主语,宾语或表语，which在从句中作主语或宾语,that/which作宾语时可省略。,1.Aplaneisamachine（_canfly).,that/which,(主语),2.Thefish（_weboughtthismorning）werenotfresh.,which/that/省略,(宾语),3.Tangshanisnolongertheplace(_itusedtobe).,that,（表语）,1.Kevinisreadingabook_istoodifficultforhim.2.Theboy_isgoodatEnglishiscalledTom.3.Thisisabasket_Iwanttoputflowersin.4.Iknowtheboy_youarelookingfor.,Practice:,which/that,who/that,which/that/省略,that/who/whom/省略,注意：当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。上面,Ishethemanthat_(want)toseeme?2.Thebooksthat_(be)borrowedfromhelibraryareinteresting.,wants,were,主语、宾语、表语,物/人,主语/宾语,物；主句（的一部分）,主语/宾语,人,宾语,人,定语,人/物,1.Everything_canbedonehasbeendone.2.Doyouhaveanything_youdontunderstand?,that,that,一.先行词是物，不用which仅用that的情况,1.当先行词是all(指物时),everything,nothing,anything,something,none等不定代词，引导定语从句用that。,3.HaveyoutakendowneverythingMr.Lisaid?4.Thereseemstobenothingisimpossibletohimintheworld.5.Thatisall_Iwanttosay.,that,that,2.先行词被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,修饰时,引导定语从句用that。,Ivereadallthebooks_youlentme.Thereislittletime_wecanuse.,that,that,that,1）.ThisisthebestTV_ismadeinChina.2）.Thefirstmuseum_hevisitedinChinawastheHistoryMuseum.,that,that,仅用that的情况,3.先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that。,3）Thisisthefirstbookhehasread.4）ThisisthebestfilmIhaveeverseen.5）ThisisthefirsttimeIhavebeeninBJ.,(that),(that),(that),仅用that的情况,that,4.先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast，just,right修饰时。,Thisistheverybook_belongstohim.,that,Theonlything_Icandoistohavearest.,5.当先行词既有人又有物。Theytalkedaboutthepersonsandthingstheyrememberedatschool.Lookatthemanandhisdonkeyarewalkingupthestreet.,that,that,6.先行词是who或which的问句中。Whoisthegirlthatdrovethecar?Whichisthebookthatyouboughtlastweek?Whothatbrokethewindowwillbepunished?Whoisthemanthatisreadingthenewspaperoverthere?7.在therebe句型中，句子的主语是先行词，而且又是物。ThereisabookonthedeskthatbelongstoTom.Thereisaroomthathastwowindows.8.先行词在主句中作表语,关系词在从句中作表语时.Sheisntthegirlthatshewas10yearsago.Tangshanisnttheplacethatitusedtobe.Chinaisnolongerthecountrythatitusedtobe.Isthisthebookthatyouborrowedinthelibrary?,(1)紧跟介词作宾语ThisistheroominwhichIoncelived.(2)在非限制性定语从句中Thebook,whichyouboughtforme,waslost.(3)作定语Hemaybelate,inwhichcase,weshouldwaitforhim.(4)一个句子若有两个定语从句，一个用that引导，为了避免与that重复，另一个用which引导。Heboughtabookthatcouldgivehimmuchknowledgeandwhichcouldhelphimtokillthetime.(5)当先行词本身是that时(6)如先行词和定语从句之间被其它较长的成分分隔,常用which.LarrytoldherthestoryoftheyoungairmanwhichInarrate(叙述)atthebeginningofthisbook.,先行词是物时，一般用which而不用that的情况。,当先行词是人时，用who不用that的情况：先行词是one,ones,anyone,anybody,all,those,he,she等时，2.在therebe开头的句子里，主语是人时；引导非限定性定语从句。4.一个句子若有两个定语从句，一个用that引导，为了避免与that重复，另一个用who引导。5.在分隔式定语从句中。,1.Anyone_breaksthelawshouldbepunished.2.Thereisanoldman_wantstoseeyou.3.Anewteacherwillcometomorrow_willteachyouGerman.4.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.5.Mybrother,whois18,isasoldier.6.ThemanthatistalkingtoTomisourclassteacherwhoisverykindtous.,who,who,who,四。as引导限制性定语从句先行词前常被such,thesame,so,as修饰，即构成suchas,thesameas,soas,as-as结构。as在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、宾语。,1.Heisnotsuchaman_wouldleavehisworkhalfdone.2.Ihavethesamedictionary_youboughtyesterday.,as,主语,as,宾语,3.Thehouse_theybuiltin1987wasntdestroyedintheearthquake.,Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,that,whichorwhose.,1.Theearthquake_hitthecityin1906wasthebiggestinAmericanhistory.,2.Wedontknowthenumberofpeople_losttheirhomesin1906earthquake.,that/which,that/who,which/that/省略,6.Harryistheboy_motherisourmathsteacher.,4.Ahouse_isbuiltonsandmayfalldowninaearthquake.,5.Luckilythepeople_Iknowwerentkilledintheearthquake.,which/that,who/whom/that/省略,whose,All_weneedistobesuppliedwithfoodandclothing.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.whom2.Theman_talkedtoyoujustnowisanengineer.A.whoB.whoseC.whichD.what,Exercises:,3.Canyoutellmethenameofthefactory_youvisitedlastweek?A.whatB.inwhereC./D.when4.Idontliketheway_youspeaktoher.A.thatB.inthatC.whoD.whose,5.Themostimportantthing_weshouldpayattentiontoisthefirstthing_Ihavesaid.A.which;thatB.that;whichC.which;whichD.that;that,6.Shespentthewholeeveningtalkingaboutthethingsandpersons_noneofushaseverheardof.A.whichB.whoC.whomD.that,7.Whoistheperson_istalkingabouttheaccident_happenedonHighway104?A.which;whichB.who;whatC.that;thatD.what;what,Correctthesentences:,1.Imusingthepenwhichheboughtityesterday.2.ThemanwhomIspokeisfromCanada.3.July1,1999isthedaywhenwellneverforget.,to,that,4.ThosethathaventbeentotheWestLakewill,gatherattheschoolgate.,who,5.(1)MissChenistheonlyoneofthefewteacherswhogiveuswonderfullessonsinourschool.(2)MissChenisoneofthefewteacherswho_uswonderfullessonsinourschool.,gives,give,1Thewomanisateacher.2Thewomanlivesnextdoor.,Thewomanwholivesnextdoorisateacher.,1Thenurseiskind.2Thenurselooksaftermysister.,Thenursewho/thatlooksaftermysisteriskind.,QuizII:合并下列句子。,1Kevinisreadingabook.2Thebookistoodifficultforhim.,Kevinisreadingabookwhich/thatistoodifficultforhim.,1Ihaveafriend.2Helikeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.,Ihaveafriendwho/thatlikeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.,1Manypeoplewereafraidtoswiminthesea.2TheysawthefilmJaws.,Manypeoplewho/thatsawthefilmJawswereafraidtoswiminthesea.,1Itisaboutabigwhiteshark.2Itattacksswimmers.,Itisaboutabigwhitesharkwhich/thatattacksswimmers.,1Iknowthedoctor.2Hisdaughterstudiesabroad.,Iknowthedoctorwhosedaughterstudiesabroad.,1Haveyouseenmybook?2Thebookscoverisred.,Haveyouseenmybookwhosecoverisred?,Grammar:Attributiveclause专题二1.介词关系代词2.关系副词,1.定义：,又称形容词性从句，在复合句中修饰名词或代词，起定语作用。,2.先行词：,被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。,3.引导词：关系代词关系副词,引导定语从句的词。,定语从句,关系代词,关系副词,which,that,who,whom,whose等,where,why,when,在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语和表语,在定语从句中作状语,Relativepronouns,Relativeadverbs,Attributiveclause专题二,复习.,Themanwholivesnexttoussellsvegetables.,先行词,放置于名词之_，修饰名词的从句,关系词,连接作用，引导定语从句，连接着主句和定语从句；,1.,3.,在定语从句中充当主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语成分。,后,Theman,wholivesnexttous,who,2.,代替主句中的先行词，或主句的一部分或整个主句。,主语、宾语、表语,物/人,主语/宾语,物,主语/宾语,人,宾语,人,定语,人/物,that,一.先行词是物，不用which仅用that的情况,1.当先行词是all(指物时),everything,nothing,anything,something,none等不定代词，引导定语从句用that。,2.先行词被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,修饰时,引导定语从句用that。,Ivereadallthebooks_youlentme.,that,Doyouhaveanything_youdontunderstand?,3.先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that。,4.先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast，just,right修饰时。,Thisistheverybook_belongstohim.,that,5.当先行词既有人又有物。Theytalkedaboutthepersonsandthingstheyremembered.,that,6.先行词是who或which的问句中。,7.在therebe句型中，句子的主语是先行词，而且又是物。ThereisabookonthedeskthatbelongstoTom.,8.先行词在主句中作表语,关系词在从句中作表语时.,Sheisntthegirlthatshewas10yearsago.,(1)紧跟介词作宾语ThisistheroominwhichIoncelived.(2)在非限制性定语从句中Thebook,whichyouboughtforme,waslost.(3)作定语Hemaybelate,inwhichcase,weshouldwaitforhim.(4)一个句子若有两个定语从句，一个用that引导，为了避免与that重复，另一个用which引导。Heboughtabookthatcouldgivehimmuchknowledgeandwhichcouldhelphimtokillthetime.(5)当先行词本身是that时(6)如先行词和定语从句之间被其它较长的成分分隔,常用which.LarrytoldherthestoryoftheyoungairmanwhichInarrate(叙述)atthebeginningofthisbook.,先行词是物时，一般用which而不用that的情况。,当先行词是人时，用who不用that的情况：先行词是one,ones,anyone,anybody,all,those,he,she等时，2.在therebe开头的句子里，主语是人时；引导非限定性定语从句。4.一个句子若有两个定语从句，一个用that引导，为了避免与that重复，另一个用who引导。5.在分隔式定语从句中。,1.Anyone_breaksthelawshouldbepunished.2.Thereisanoldman_wantstoseeyou.3.Anewteacherwillcometomorrow_willteachyouGerman.4.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.5.Mybrother,whois18,isasoldier.6.ThemanthatistalkingtoTomisourclassteacherwhoisverykindtous.,who,who,who,1.Sheisntthegirlthatshewas10yearsago.Tangshanisnttheplacethatitusedtobe.,注：当关系词在定语从句中作表语时,先行词是人或物,只能用that。,2.Thereisabookonthedesk_belongstoTom.Therearesomepeople_dontlikeeatingfish.,that,who,3.Anyone_breaksthelawshouldbepunished.Anything_canbedonehasbeendone.,who,that,4.whose+n=the+n+ofwhich/whomofwhich/whom+the+n,Thebookwhosecover=,thecoverofwhichofwhichthecover,Thegirlwhosename=,thenameofwhomofwhomthename,3).ItisthesamepenthatIlost.ItisthesamepenasIlost.,同一个,相同，不是同一个,注意：当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。上面,6.1)Thebooksthat_(be)borrowedfromhelibraryareinteresting.2)Ishethemanthat_(want)toseeme?,wants,were,7。as引导限制性定语从句先行词前常被such,thesame,so,as修饰，即构成suchas,thesameas,soas,as-as结构。as在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、宾语。,1).Heisnotsuchaman_wouldleavehisworkhalfdone.2).Ihavethesamedictionary_youboughtyesterday.,as,as,主语,宾语,二.比较：5.Heisthedoctor_yourmotherspoketo.Thisisthehouse_Ioncelivedin.,that/who/whom/省略,which/that/省略,当介词放在末尾时，可用that，which指物；用who,whom,that指人，还可省略。,6.Heisthedoctorto_yourmotherspoke.Thisisthehousein_Ioncelived.,whom,which,当介词放在关系代词前面时，关系代词只能用which指物，用whom指人。,注意：1.不能用that;2.which/whom不能省略,Prep.+,whom(人）,which(物）,Tips,总结：当介词放在末尾时，可用that，which指物；用who,whom指人，还可省略。当介词放在关系代词前面时，关系代词只能用which指物，用whom指人。注意：1.不能用that;2.which/whom不能省略,关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时,从句常由介词+关系代词引导.,如何确定关系代词前的介词问题？,1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请体会：Isthatthenewspaper_youoftenwritearticles?2.根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，如：Thecar,_Ipaidalotofmoney,isnowoutofdate.3.根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，请体会：1949wastheyear_theP.R.C.wasfounded.,4.表示所属关系或整体中的一部分时用of.Hegothisfirstsalary，_hegavetohisparents.其中一半5.根据句意需要来确定介词。Water,_which,wewoulddie.,without,forwhich,forwhich,inwhich,halfofwhich,用适当的介词补充完整下列定语从句。1.Idisagreewiththefacts_whichyourwordsarebased.2.Thesong,_whichhewasinterested,willneverbeheardagain.3.Thisisthereason_whichheoftencomestoschoollate.4.Iwillneverforgettheway_whichmyteachertaughtme.5.Thisisthehero_whomweareproud.,on,in,for,in,of,6.Theyarethestudents_whomourteachersarealwaysthinkinghighly.7.Itisimportanttochoosegoodfriends_whomyoucanshareyourfeelingsandthoughts.,of,with,1.Doyoulikethebook_shespent$10?2.Doyoulikethebook_shepaid$10?3.Doyoulikethebook_shelearnedalot?4.Doyoulikethebook_sheoftentalks?5.Thisismypairofglasses,_Icannotseeclearly.6.Theman_Iboughttheoldpictureisovereighty.,onwhich,forwhich,fromwhich,aboutwhich,withoutwhich,三、介词+which,fromwhom,含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用：如lookfor,lookafter,takecareof;Thisisthebook(which/that)Imlookingfor.(T)ThisisthewatchforwhichIamlooking.(F)2.介词+关系代词前可有some,any,none,bothAll,most,few,each等代词，数词或者名词。,1)Hehastwosons,bothof_aredoctors.2)Helivesintheroom,thewindowsof_facetothesouth.3)Iboughtmanybooks,threeof_arewrittenbyLuXun.,whom,which,which,4).Theyaskedmealotofquestions,many_Icouldntanswer.,ofwhich,5.Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,80%_aresoldabroad.6.Theyaskedmealotofquestions,many_Icouldntanswer.Twomen,_Ihadeverseenbefore,cameintomyoffice.我以前从未见过他们,neitherofwhom,ofwhich,ofwhich,9.Ourcountryhasmanyislands,_isTaiwan.其中最大的,thelargestofwhich,填上合适的关系词并分析原因：1.Theway_heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.2.Theway_heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.,that/which/不填,that/inwhich/不填,缺状语,缺宾语,考点：theway用做先行词,Theway作先行词，作主语或宾语时，用that/which,作状语时，用that/inwhich/不填.,3.Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut_hesaidit.（04湖北）A.thewayB.inthewaythatC.inthewayD.thewaywhich,做题思路：看先行词；是人还是物。2.判断成分：分析从句句子结构，先找准定语从句中的谓语动词，判断是vt/vi。看其前后是否有主语或宾语。常考的vt:visit,buy,spend,see,like,接宾语；tell,give,call接双宾语Vi:go,work,live,speak,talk,stay,不缺宾语,主语，宾语，表语都不缺时，这时就有可能缺状语。,1.Istillremembertheday_mybrotherjoinedthearmy.2.Istillremembertheplace_Istayed.3.Idontknowthereason_hewaslate.,when,where,why,when,where,why属于关系副词，都在其引导的定语从句中充当状语。其具体用法如下：,TheAttributiveClause(II)(where,when,why,prep.+which/whom),时间n,时间状语,地点n,地点状语,原因reason,原因状语,关系副词引导定语从句时，既引导定语从句，又在定语从句中充当状语。相当于介词+which，其中which是指代先行词.,Illrememberthedaywhen/onwhichwestayedtogether.theday,关系副词where引导定语从句，修饰表示地点的先行词,只能跟在表地点或场合的名词（如place,school,factory,room等具体地点名词后。相当于in/at/on+which。在从句中作地点状语。1.Whatisthenameofthetownwhere(inwhich)westayedlastnight?2.Thinkofaplacewhere(inwhich)wecangoforadinner.,3.Pleaseleavethebookattheplacewhere(inwhich)itwas.,4.Thisistheofficewhereheworked.5.WevisitedthehousewhereLuXunoncelived.,1).IvecometothepointwhereIcantstandhim.2).Thecountryisinthesituationwhereawarwillbreakoutatanytime.,我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。,国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。,2.如果定语从句分别修饰point,situation,stage,spot,condition和case等表示抽象意义的词，常用where引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中”。,再如：journey,family,work,等，也常用where,表示“在-”.,3).Icanthinkofmanycases_culturaldifferencesreallyexist.,where,4).Herillnesshasdevelopedtothepoint_nobodycancureher.,where,2.when表示时间，只能跟在表时间的名词（如：time,day,week,year,month等）后。相当于on/in/during+which。在定语从句中充当时间状语。1)Iwillneverforgetthedaywhen/onwhichIjoinedtheLeague.2)July,when(=inwhich)wecangohomeforarest,iscomingsoon.,3)ThetimewhenIfirstmethimwasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.,4)Westillrememberedthedayswhenwetravelledtogether.,=,inwhich(=inthedays),3)Idontknowthereasonwhy(forwhich)helefthere.4)Thisisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)hecried.5)Thereasonwhyhewaslateforschoolwasthathewasill.,关系副词why引导限定性定语从句修饰先行词reason，在定语从句中充当原因状语。相当于forwhich1)Idontknowthereasonwhyhecamesolate.2)ThatisthereasonwhyIdontwanttogo.,关系副词why,由关系副词when,where,why引导的定语从句。,1.Shestillremembertheday_shewasattackedbyabear.2.Thisistheplace_wesaidgoodbye.3.Thereason_hewaslateforschoolwasthathismotherwasill.4.Thatwastheyear_Ifirstwentabroad.,when/onwhich,where/inwhich,why/forwhich,(when),Themines_Iworkedwere9kmformmyhouse.Thereason_Igotajobwasbecauseofmyhardwork.Thetime_Iarrivedwaslateatnight.Thegovernmentbuilding_wevotedwasverytall.Thedate_IjoinedtheANCYouthLeaguewasthe5thofAugust.,where,why,when,where,when,很多情况下关系副词用“介词which”来代替，其中的介词由先行词或定语从句中谓语动词的形式来决定，例如：IshallneverforgetthoseyearswhenIlivedwithher.=IshallneverforgetthoseyearsduringwhichIlivedwithher.我将永远不会忘记我跟她生活的那些岁月。,要注意以下几点：,2.并非先行词表示时间或地点时都分别用when或where来引导相应的定语从句，若关系词在修饰表示时间或地点的先行词的定语从句中充当主语、宾语等而不是状语时，需用which或that引导相应的定语从句。,Theplace_wevisitedyesterdayisaschool.,(which/that),Doyoustillrememberthedayswhich/thatwespenttogetherinschool?你还记得我们一起在学校度过的那些日子吗？,先行词thedays表时间，但是其定语从句的引导词在定语从句中作宾语而不是状语，因此不能用when而应该用which或that。,Thisisthetime(when/that)hearrived.这是他到达的时间。,3.that有时可以代替定语从句中的关系副词when,where,why,且that常可以省略。,一.关系代词与关系副词的区别,1).a.Thereason_hemissedthespeechisthatheforgotthetime.b.Thereason_hegaveussoundedreasonable.2).a.Illneverforgettheday_wespenttogetherinParis.b.Illremembertheday_westayedtogetheratthattime.,why,(which/that),when,(which/that),解题点拨:看引导词在定语从句中充当什么成分；若是作状语,就用where,when,why等关系副词；若是作主语、宾语或定语或表语，则用关系代词that,which,whom,whose等。,3).a.Isthisthefactory_wevis