PE2_U05_Appt课件

PracticalEnglish,BookII,Unit5PartA,MyAdvicetoStudents:GetaSound,BroadEducation,TextAPractice,Unit5:PartA,Unit5:TextA,Text-relatedInformationIntensiveStudy,BillGatesandMicrosoft,Text-relatedInformation,William(Bill)H.GatesischairmanandchiefsoftwarearchitectofMicrosoftCorporation,theworldwideleaderinsoftware,servicesandInternettechnologiesforpersonalandbusinesscomputing.MicrosofthadrevenuesofUS$32.19billionforthefiscalyearendingJune2003,andemploysmorethan55000peoplein85countriesandregions.,BornonOct.28,1955,GatesgrewupinSeattlewithhistwosisters.Theirfather,WilliamH.GatesII,isaSeattleattorney.Theirlatemother,MaryGates,wasaschoolteacher,UniversityofWashingtonregent,andchairwomanofUnitedWayInternational.GatesattendedpublicelementaryschoolandtheprivateLakesideSchool.There,hediscoveredhisinterestinsoftwareandbeganprogrammingcomputersatage13.,Text-relatedInformation,In1973,GatesenteredHarvardUniversityasafreshman,whereheliveddownthehallfromSteveBallmer,nowMicrosoftschiefexecutiveofficer.WhileatHarvard,GatesdevelopedaversionoftheprogramminglanguageBASICforthefirstmicrocomputer-theMITSAltair.Inhisjunioryear,GatesleftHarvardtodevotehisenergiestoMicrosoft,acompanyhehadbegunin1975withhischildhoodfriendPaulAllen.Guidedbyabeliefthatthecomputerwouldbeavaluabletooloneveryofficedesktopandineveryhome,theybegandevelopingsoftwareforpersonalcomputers.GatesforesightandhisvisionforpersonalcomputinghavebeencentraltothesuccessofMicrosoftandthesoftwareindustry.,Text-relatedInformation,UnderGatesleadership,Microsoftsmissionhasbeentocontinuallyadvanceandimprovesoftwaretechnology,andtomakeiteasier,morecost-effectiveandmoreenjoyableforpeopletousecomputers.Thecompanyiscommittedtoalong-termview,reflectedinitsinvestmentofmorethan$6.8billiononresearchanddevelopmentinthecurrentfiscalyear.,Text-relatedInformation,In1999,GateswroteBusinesstheSpeedofThought,abookthatshowshowcomputertechnologycansolvebusinessproblemsinfundamentallynewways.Thebookwaspublishedin25languagesandisavailableinmorethan60countries.BusinesstheSpeedofThoughthasreceivedwidecriticalacclaim,andwaslistedonthebest-sellerlistsoftheNewYorkTimes,USAToday,theWallStreetJournalandA.Gatespreviousbook,TheRoadAhead,publishedin1995,heldtheNo.1spotontheNewYorkTimesbestsellerlistforsevenweeks.,Text-relatedInformation,Gateshasdonatedtheproceedsofbothbookstonon-profitorganizationsthatsupporttheuseoftechnologyineducationandskillsdevelopment.Inadditiontohisloveofcomputersandsoftware,Gatesisinterestedinbiotechnology.HesitsontheboardofICOS,acompanythatspecializesinprotein-basedandsmall-moleculetherapeutics,andheisaninvestorinanumberofotherbiotechnologycompanies.GatesalsofoundedCorbis,whichisdevelopingoneoftheworldslargestresourcesofvisualinformation-acomprehensivedigitalarchiveofartandphotographyfrompublicandprivatecollectionsaroundtheglobe.,Text-relatedInformation,PhilanthropyisalsoimportanttoGates.Heandhiswife,Melinda,haveendowedafoundationwithmorethan$24billiontosupportphilanthropicinitiativesintheareasofglobalhealthandlearning,withthehopethataswemoveintothe21stcentury,advancesinthesecriticalareaswillbeavailableforallpeople.Todate,theBillandMelindaGatesFoundationhascommittedmorethan$3.2billiontoorganizationsworkinginglobalhealth;morethan$2billiontoimprovelearningopportunities,includingtheGatesLibraryInitiativetobringcomputers,Internet,Text-relatedInformation,Accessandtrainingtopubliclibrariesinlow-incomecommunitiesintheUnitedStatesandCanada;morethan$477milliontocommunityprojectsinthePacificNorthwest;andmorethan$488milliontospecialprojectsandannualgivingcampaigns.GateswasmarriedonJan.1,1994,toMelindaFrenchGates.Theyhavethreechildren.Gatesisanavidreader,andenjoysplayinggolfandbridge.,Text-relatedInformation,IntroductionOutlineoftheTextLanguagePointsSummaryoftheText,IntensiveStudy,BillGate,oneofthefoundersoftheworld-famousMicrosoftCompany,wasonceadrop-outofHarvardUniversity.HissuccessgivesrisetoaseriesofinterestingquestionsamongstudentsandtheirparentssuchaswhetheritisOKforstudentstodropoutofhighschoolorcollege,whateducationwillleadchildrentosuccess,andhowtostrikeabalancebetweendeepinterestsinasubjectandwideacademicinterests.Inthispassage,BillGatesgivesusadviceabouteducationandanswerstotheabove-mentionedquestions.,IntroductiontoTextA,I.Generaladviceabouteducation.,II.AdviceaboutwhetheritisOKtodropoutofhighschoolorcollege.,III.Adviceaboutreceivingbroadeducationinhighschoolandcollege,OutlineoftheText,IV.Adviceaboutwhentochooseaspecialty.,V.Adviceaboutwhathighschoolstudentsshouldlearn.,Thewriterspersonalexperiencetoshowtheimportanceofhavingwideacademicinterestsinhighschoolandcollege.,Transitionalparagraph.,III.Adviceaboutreceivingbroadeducationinhighschoolandcollege.,Themistakeofthe15-year-oldhighschoolstudentwhofailedtolearnbroadly.,Thewrongideaofsomechildrenwholimitthescopeoftheirinterests.,OutlineoftheText,Whatwillcollegeeducationbringtoyou?,Questiontothinkabout,KnowledgeMethodstodothingsConfidencebetterunderstandingofsocietyIndependenceabilitytocommunicateAbilitytolearnanewwayofthinkingInterestacollegediplomaNewhorizonfriends,MyAdvicetoStudents:GetaSound,BroadEducation1Hundredsofstudentssendmee-maileachyearaskingforadviceabouteducation.Theywanttoknowwhattostudy,orwhetheritsOKtodropoutofcollegesincethatswhatIdid.2Asmallernumberofparentssendmessages,oftenpoignant,seekingguidancefortheirsonordaughter.Howcanwesteerourchildtowardsuccess?theyask.3Mybasicadviceissimpleandheartfelt:Getthebesteducationyoucan.Takeadvantageofhighschoolandcollege.Learnhowtolearn.,IntensiveStudy,4ItstruethatIdroppedoutofcollegetostartMicrosoft,butIwasatHarvardforthreeyearsbeforedroppingout-andIdlovetohavethetimetogoback.AsIvesaidbefore,nobodyshoulddropoutcollegeunlesstheybelievetheyfacetheopportunityofalifetime.Andeventhentheyshouldreconsider.5KathyCridland,asix-gradeteacherinOhio,wrotetosay,Severalofmystudentsclaimthatyouneverfinishedhighschool.Sinceyouareasuccess,mystudentsperceivethatasareasonnottocaremuchaboutgettingagoodeducation.,IntensiveStudy,6Ifinishedhighschool!7Thecomputerindustryhaslotsofpeoplewhodidntfinishcollege,butImnotawareofanysuccessstoriesthatbeganwithsomebodydroppingoutofhighschool.8Inmycompanysearlyyearswehadabrightpart-timeprogrammerwhothreatenedtodropoutofhighschooltoworkfull-time.Wetoldhimno.9Quiteafewofourpeopledidntfinishcollege,butwediscouragedroppingout.Havingadiplomacertainlyhelpssomebodywhoislookingtousforajob.,IntensiveStudy,10Collegeisnttheonlyplacewhereinformationexists.Youcanlearninalibrary.Butsomebodyhandingyouabookdoesntautomaticallyfosterlearning.Youwanttolearnwithotherpeople,askquestions,tryoutideasandtestyourability.Itusuallytakesmorethanjustabook.Educationshouldbebroad,althoughitsfinetohavedeepinterests,too.11InhighschooltherewereperiodswhenIwashighlyfocusedonwritingsoftware,butformostofmyhigh-schoolyearsIhadwide-rangingacademicinterests.Myparentsencouragedthis,andImgratefulthattheydid.,IntensiveStudy,12AlthoughIattendedalotofdifferentkindsofclassesincollege,Isignedupforonlyonecomputerclassthewholetime.Ireadaboutallkindsofthings.13Oneparentwrotetomethather15-year-oldsonlosthimselfintheholeofthecomputer.HegotanAinWebsitedesign,buthisothergradesweresinking,shesaid.,IntensiveStudy,14Thisboyismakingamistake.Highschoolandcollegeofferyouthebestchancetolearnbroadly-math,history,varioussciences-andtodoprojectswithotherkidsthatteachyoufirst-handaboutgroupdynamics.Itsfinetotakeadeepinterestincomputers,dance,languageoranyotherdiscipline,butnotifitjeopardizesbreadth.15Ithinkkidssometimestrapthemselvesintoanarrowidentity.Iwonderiftheyvejustdecided,OK,Imthepersonwhosgoodataccounting.16Afriendasks,Hey,whathaveyoubeenreading?,IntensiveStudy,17Well,Imreadingaboutaccounting.18Itsjusttheirsortofself-definition,anditsprobablycomfortableforthem.Butitsunfortunateifitcomesatthesacrificeoflearningaboutthebroaderworld,orlearningtoworkcooperatively.Imasimpressedasthenextpersoniswhenan11-year-oldcandocalculusandislearningtothinklogically.ButakidwhoisreadingaboutRobisonCrusoeisthinkinglogically,too.Itsnotcompletelydifferent.,IntensiveStudy,19Incollege,itsappropriatetothinkaboutspecialization.Gettingrealexpertiseinanareaofinterestcanleadtosuccess-unlessthespecialtyendsupbeingadeadendoryourenotgoodatit.Graduateschoolisonewaytogetspecializedknowledge,althoughextendedcollegeeducationisntalwaysagoodinvestmentfromapurelyeconomicstandpoint.,IntensiveStudy,20Choosingaspecialtyisntsomethinghigh-schoolstudentsshouldworryabout.Theyshouldworryaboutgettingastrongacademicstart.Theresnotaperfectcorrelationbetweenattitudesinhighschoolandsuccessinlaterlife,ofcourse.21Butitsarealmistakenottotaketheopportunitytolearnahugerangeofsubjects,tolearntoworkwithpeopleinhighschool,andtogetthegradesthatwillhelpyougetintoagoodcollege.,IntensiveStudy,dropout:1)(of)tostopgoingtoschoolbeforeyouhavefinishedit,Kellydroppedoutofhighschoolafteronesemester.Toomanystudentsdroppedoutofcollegeafteronlyoneyear.,e.g.,dropout:,toleaveanactivityorcompetitionbeforeyouhavefinishedite.g.Shewasinjuredinthefirstroundandhadtodropout.3)todecidenottohaveanordinaryjoborlifebecauseyoudonotwanttobepartofsocietye.g.Hedecidedtodropoutandspendhislifetraveling.,seek:toaskforsomethingortrytogetsomething,Seekmedicaladviceifyoursymptomslastmorethanaweek.Shewasencouragedtoseekcounselingforhermarriageproblem.Ithinkitstimewesoughtlegaladvice.Shemanagedtocalmhimdownandseekhelpfromaneighbor.,e.g.,steer(towards/awayfromsomething):toinfluencethewaysomethinghappensorthewaypeoplebehave,e.g.,Itrytosteermychildrentowardshealthierfoods.Themaintaskofthenewgovernmentwillbetosteerthecountrytowardsdemocracy.Thepoliceareconstantlysearchingfornewwaysofsteeringyoungpeopleawayfromalifeofcrime.,heartfelt:stronglyfeltandsincere.,Pleaseacceptmyheartfeltapologies.heartfeltsympathy/thanks,e.g.,takeadvantageof:tomakeuseofsomethingwell,properly,etc.;makeuseofanopportunity,Studentsshouldtakeadvantageofcomputerlabsoncampus.WetakeadvantageoftheInternettogetauthenticEnglishmaterials.Shetookadvantageofthechildrensabsencetotidytheirrooms.cf.Hetookadvantageofmygenerosity.,e.g.,美国大学排名,HarvardUniversityPrincetonUniversityYaleUniversityColumbiaUniversityUniversityofPennsylvaniaStanfordUniversityCaliforniainstituteofTechnologyMassachusettsinst.ofTechnologyDartmouthCollegeDukeUniversity,as练习,1._isreported,aforeigndelegationwillvisitourcollege.A.WhichB.ThatC.WhatD.As2.Thisisoneofsuchquestions_areoftenaskedbyschoolboys.whichB.asC.thatD.what3.WhathasmadeChina_sheistoday?A.thatB.whatC.whichD.as,D,B,D,4.Much_shelikeshim,shewouldneverconsidermarryinghim.whileB.asC.althoughD.despite5.Peoplefuilfilledthedreamoftravellingonthemoonjust_thewriterhadoncedescribed.A.whenB.likeC.asD.before,as练习,B,C,thechance,opportunity,etc.ofalifetime:awonderfulopportunity,etc.thatyouarenotlikelytogetagain,Winnersofthecompetitionwillreceivetheholidayofalifetime.(=Winnersofthecompetitionwillreceivethebestholidaytheywilleverhave).theexperience/holiday/vacation/tripofalifetimeWhenshewasofferedthejobsheknewitwasthechanceofalifetime.,e.g.,claim:tosaythatsomethingistrueorisafactalthoughyoucannotproveitandotherpeoplemightnotbelieveit,HeclaimstohavemetthePresident,butIdontbelievehim.Bothpartieshaveclaimedsuccessinyesterdayselections.,perceive:tounderstandorthinkofsomethinginaparticularway,Thisdiscoverywasperceivedasamajorbreakthrough.Asciencedegreeandartisticinterestsareoftenperceivedasincompatible.,e.g.,(be)awareof:knowingaboutasituationorafact,Theyreawareofthedangersofsmoking.Doctorswanttomakepeopleawareoftherisks.,e.g.,beginwith:tobethefirstthingthathappensinanactivityorprocess,Allmealsbeginwithashortprayer.Eachchapterbeginswithaquotation.Thecompetitionbeganwithoneoftheteamsbeingdisqualified.,e.g.,discourage:totrytopreventsomethingfromhappening,especiallybecauseyoudonotapproveofitorthinkitisharmful,Someparentsdiscouragetheirchildrenfromgettinginvolvedinextracurricularactivities.Measureshavebeentakentodiscouragetheuseofcarsindowntownareas.,e.g.,diplomadegreecertificate,diploma:adocumentshowingthatyouhavecompletedacourseofstudyorpartofyoureducationAdegreeisusuallythequalificationthatyougetbycompletingacourseofstudyatacollegeoruniversity:abachelorsdegreeIgotmydegreein1987.InBritishEnglish,itcanalsomeanthecourseitself:Shesdoingaphysicsdegree.,diplomadegreecertificate,Diplomaandcertificatearebothwordsforofficialdocumentsthatshowyouhavedoneorachievedsomething.Diplomaisusedfordegreesandothercoursesofstudybutcertificatecanbemoregeneral:aHighSchooldiplomaadegreecertificateacertificateofattendanceaswimmingcertificate.InBritishEnglish,thequalificationorcourseofstudycanalsobecalledadiplomaoracertificate:atwo-yeardiplomacourseImstudyingfortheFirstCertificateinEnglish.,lookto/towardsomeoneforsomething:tohopeorexpecttogethelp,advice,etc.fromsomeone,Citiesarelookingtostategovernmentsforaid.Asyoungchildren,welookedtoourparentsforguidance.,e.g.,foster:toencouragethedevelopmentorgrowthof(ideasorfeelings),Thisapproachwillfosteranunderstandingofenvironmentalissues.Theclubsaimistofosterbetterrelationswithinthecommunity.Theywerediscussingthebestwaytofosterdemocracyandprosperityinthecountries.,e.g.,tryout:totestsomeoneorsomethingtoseewhattheyarelikeorwhethertheyaresuitableoreffective,Johnhopestotryouthisnewrunningshoesthisweekend.Icouldhardlywaittotryoutmynewbike.Theyretryingoutanewpresenterfortheshow.,e.g.,focuson:togiveattention,effort,etc.tooneparticularsubject,situationorpersonratherthananother,Schoolsshouldnotfocusexclusivelyonexamresults.Eachexercisefocusesonadifferentgrammaticalpoint.Attentionhasbeenfocusedonthedangersofnuclearreactors.,e.g.,wide-ranging:includingordealingwithalargenumberofdifferentsubjectsorareas,e.g.,wide-rangingtalks,awide-ranginganddeep-goingtransformation,wide-rangingandin-depthdiscussion,begratefultosb.forsth./that:tofeelthatyouwanttothanksb.becausetheyhavegivenyousth.ordonesth.foryou,Imverygratefulforallyourhelpwithmyresearch.YoushouldbegratefulthatIdidnttellyourwifeyoursecret.,e.g.,signupfor:toagreetodosomethingortojoinacourseororganization,Shedecidedtosignupformusicschool.Over30peoplehavesignedupfortheself-defenseclass.,e.g.,loseoneselfinsth.:tobecomesointerestedinsomethingthatittakesallyourattention;becometotallyabsorbedinsomething;besointerestedinsomethingthatyoudonotnoticewhatishappeningaroundyou,Isoonlostmyselfintheexcitementofthestory.Smallchildrenhavetheabilitytolosethemselvesinimaginaryworlds.,e.g.,Ifyouarenotgoodathistory,youdbetterchooseanotherdiscipline.Thisarticlecoversthevariousdisciplinesofphysicalscience.,discipline:abranchoflearning,e.g.,jeopardize:torisklosingorspoilingsomethingimportantorvaluable,Cutsinfundingcouldjeopardizethisvitalresearchwork.Threewomenrefusedtotestify,fearingitwouldjeopardizetheircareers.,e.g.,trap:(usu.passive)tobeunabletochangeawayofthinkingorabadsituation,Ifeeltrappedbymymarriage.Theyaretrappedinacycleofviolence.,e.g.,itisunfortunatethat:usedtosayyoudonotapproveofsomethingoryouwishithadnothappenedorhadhappeneddifferently,Itisunfortunatethatsofewpeoplearewillingtohelp.Itisunfortunatethatsomepeoplehavecriticizedthefilmwithoutevenseeingit.,e.g.,atthesacrificeof:attheexpenseof;atthecostof,Hedidnotwanttodevotemoretimetohisbusinessatthesacrificeofhisfamily.,e.g.,Igetasangryasthenextpersonwhencompaniessendmejunkmailseveryday.Icanenjoyajokeaswellasthenextman,butthisisgoingtoofar.,asthenextperson/man/woman:usedwhenyouaresayingthatyouarenodifferentfromanyoneelseinaparticularway,e.g.,Thereisnodoubtthatstresscanleadtophysicalillness.Arewardhasbeenofferedforinformationleadingtothearrestofthecriminals.,leadto:havesomethingasaresult,e.g.,endupinsth./doingsth.:inaparticularplaceorstateafterdoingsomethingorbecauseofdoingit,Ifyoucontinuetostealyoullendupinprison.Atfirstherefusedtoacceptresponsibilitybutheendedupapologizing.,e.g.,adeadend:asituationinwhichnofurtherprogressispossible,Withthefailureoftheexperiment,wehadreachedadeadend.Wehadcometoadeadendinourresearch.,e.g.,ManystudentsaswellastheirparentswrotetoBillGatestoseekadviceaboutwhatstudentsshouldlearnandwhetheritisOKtodropoutofhighschoolorcollege.Inresponse,BillGatesstatesthatstudentsshouldfinishcollege,atleast,highschool.Healsopointsoutthatitisamistakeforhighstudentstodevelopdeepinterestsinacertainsubjectattheexpenseofreceivingabroadereducation.Instead,studentsshouldtakeadvantageofhighschoolandcollegeeducationtolearnbroadlyandcooperativelyandstartconsideringchoosingaspecialtyatcollegeorgraduateschool.,SummaryofTextA,ExerciseCheck-upExercisesinClassListeningPractice,Practice,ExerciseCheck-up,AssignmentCheckExercise2(P.93)Exercise3(P.94),Bothstudentsandtheirparentswrotetothewritertoseekadviceabout_.A.howtochoosecoursesatcollegeB.howtotakeadvantageofschoollibrariesC.howtogetgoodscoresinhighschooloratcollegeD.howtogetagoodeducation,Ex.2Choosethebestansweraccordingtothepassage.,AssignmentCheck,实用英语IIUnit5Exercise2,P.93,Bothstudentsandtheirparentswrotetothewritertoseekadviceabout_.A.howtochoosecoursesatcollegeB.howtotakeadvantageofschoollibrariesC.howtogetgoodscoresinhighschooloratcollegeD.howtogetagoodeducation,AssignmentCheck,Weknowfromthepassagethatthereislittlechanceofsuccessinthecomputerindustryforpeoplewho_.A.dropoutofcollegeB.havenohighschooldiplomasC.failtoseizeopportunitiesD.workasparttimeprogrammers,Weknowfromthepassagethatthereislittlechanceofsuccessinthecomputerindustryforpeoplewho_.A.dropoutofcollegeB.havenohighschooldiplomasC.failtoseizeopportunitiesD.workasparttimeprogrammers,AssignmentCheck,Collegeprovidesabetterlearningenvironmentthanalibrarybecause_.A.itmeasuresacademicprogressconstantlyB.itprovidesgreatamountsofinformationC.itpromotescooperativelearningD.itfosterslearningautomatically,Collegeprovidesabetterlearningenvironmentthanalibrarybecause_.A.itmeasuresa