简单句和并列句

简单句和并列句专题复习,简单句是什么样的句子?,英语句子都可以由简单句合并或扩展而来，因此掌握简单句的六个基础句型是写好英语句子的第一步。,主语+谓语,主语and主语+谓语,主语+谓语and谓语,注意：各个成分都只是单词和短语,结构1：,结构2：,结构3：,判断下列哪些句子属于简单句1.NotonlyTombutalsohistwosisterstakegreatinterestinpiano.()2.Themangotup,putonhiscoat,hurrieddownstairsandrunoutintothestreet.()3.Theleadersofourschoolandsomeguestswalkedinandsatinthefirstrow.()4.Hearingthegoodnews,hejumpeduphappily.()5.Whatimpressedhimmostisthedaystheyspenttogether.(),句子最重要的部分是主语和谓语。除祈使句外一般句子都应有主语和谓语。主谓结构是简单句的骨架，共有五种句型，这五种句型是写作学习的核心内容，因为所谓的复杂的句子（并列句、主从复合句）全部是简单句组合或相套而来。,简单句五种句型,一、主谓结构本结构是_+_如：Thesunrises.主语可有修饰语-：Theredsunrises.谓语可有修饰语-：Theredsunrisesintheeast.此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。,主语,不及物动词,定语,状语,主谓,请翻译下列句子。1.我头痛。(ache)Myheadaches.2.我的计划已经改变了。(change)Myplanhaschanged.3.这趟班机晚上九点半起飞。(takeoff)Theplantakesoffat9:30p.m.,翻译句子,4.我来自一个受过良好教育的家庭。(come,well-educated)Icomefromawell-educatedfamily.5.我2016年2月8日上午抵达上海。(getto)IgottoShanghaionthemorningofFebruary8,2016.,本结构是+，此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。,主语,系动词,表语,二、主系表结构,系动词分为三类：（1）二“似乎”，三“保持”（2）五“是”,五“看起来”（3）八“变得”,seem,appear,remain,stay,keep,become,get,turn,go,run,fall,come,grow,be(am,is,are,was,were),look,sound,smell,taste,feel,主系表,请翻译下列句子。1.我是一名高三学生。(be)Iamasenior3student.2.没有什么不可能！(be)Nothingisimpossible!3.我越来越担心即将到来的高考。(become,increasingly,用现在进行时)Iambecomingincreasinglyanxiousaboutthecomingcollegeentranceexamination.,翻译句子,4.我的担心被证明是完全错误的。(fear,completely，用过去进行时)Myfearwasprovingcompletelywrong.5.我的脸在炎热的太阳下变得通红。(gored，用过去完成时)Myfacehadgoneredinthehotsun.,6.前途看起来不错。(lookgood,用现在进行时)Thefutureislookinggood.7.我所有的愿望会成真。（cometrue）Allmywisheswillcometrue.,此结构是由+。其中的谓语动词是，宾语须是。,主语,谓语动词,宾语,及物动词或动词短语,名词或相当于名词类的东西,三、主谓宾结构,主谓宾,请翻译下列句子。1.遗憾的是，我没能看到那景象。（miss）Unfortunately,Imissedseeingthesight.2.我希望在一周内返回广州。(expect)IexpecttoreturntoGuangzhouwithinaweek.3.我总算按时完成了作业。(manage)Imanagedtofinishmyhomeworkontime.,翻译句子,4.我不能忍受失去一个亲密的朋友。（cantstand）Icantstandlosingaclosefriend.5.我正计划下个月去欧洲旅行。(plan,goonatrip)WeareplanningtogoonatriptoEuropenextmonth.,6.我一见到我以前的数学老师就不禁想到了过去。（canthelp，atthesightof）Icouldnthelpthinkingaboutthepastatthesightofmyformermathsteacher.7.为了省钱，我建议步行去那里。（suggest）TosavemoneyIsuggestedgoingthereonfoot.8.我想听听其他人的看法。(wouldlike)Iwouldliketohearothersviews.,9.我不想冒上学迟到的风险。（want,risk,belate）Ididntwanttoriskbeinglateforschool.10.我不能再推迟去看牙医了。(putoff,notanylonger)Icantputoffgoingtothedentistanylonger.,此结构由_+_+_+_组成。Hebringsmecookieseveryday.Shemademeabeautifuldress.但若要先说出直接宾语（事物），后说间接宾语（人），则要借助于介词_或_。Hebringscookiestomeeveryday.Shemadeabeautifuldressforme.,主语,谓语,直接宾语,间接宾语,to,for,四、双宾语结构,用to侧重指动作的方向，表示“朝着，向着，对着”。用for侧重指动作的受益者，表示“为了某人，替某人”。常跟双宾语的动词有：（需借助to的）（需借助for的）,bring,give,lend,hand,offer,pass,pay,promise,return,send,show,teach,tell,write,ask,sell,leave,refuse,buy,call,cook,choose,draw,find,get,make,order,sing,save,spare,do,paint,主谓间宾直宾,请翻译下列句子。1.我的英语老师给了我几本英文小说。(give)MyEnglishteachergavemeseveralEnglishnovels.2.我姑妈在我生日那天给我买了一个MP3播放器。(buy)MyauntboughtmeanMP3playeronmybirthday.3.我昨天晚上给李明发送了一封电子邮件。(send)IsentLiMingane-maillastnight.,翻译句子,4.我给我的父母写了一封长信。(write)Iwrotemyparentsalongletter.5.我前天将新英汉字典借给了我表弟。(lend)IlentmycousinthenewEnglish-Chinesedictionarythedaybeforeyesterday.,主谓宾宾补,请翻译下列句子。1.我外祖父给我取了个英文名字叫萨拉。(name，Sarah)MygrandfathernamedmeanEnglishnameSarah.2.我发现这本体育杂志非常有趣。(find，interesting)Ifoundthesportsmagazineveryinteresting.,翻译句子,3.爷爷奶奶鼓励我好好学习。(encourage，inonesstudies)Mygrandparentsencouragedmeinmystudies.4.我建议外祖母卧床休息。(advise,stay)Iadvisedmygrandmothertostayinbedandrest.5.我能感觉到自己的心脏在快速跳动。(beat)Icouldfeelmyheartbeatingfast,6.我从未听人唱过这首歌。(hear,sung)Iveneverheardthesongsung7.我父亲希望我做到最好。(doonesbest)Myfatherexpectsmetodomybest.8.我的表亲邀请我与他们共度周末。(cousin)Mycousinshaveinvitedmetospendtheweekendwiththem.,简单句综合练习,一、先划分句子成份，再按要求分类。ThenewtermbeginsinSeptember.Wesawyoujustnow.Shealwayslookshappy.Mymotherboughtapenforme.Wefounditveryuseful.Suchthingsoftenhappen.Imissedthetrain.Theweatheriscoldhere.Willyoulendmeyourbike?Theysawthecarparkingoutside.句型1：主语谓语：_句型2：主语系动词表语：_句型3：主语谓语宾语：_句型4：主语谓语双宾语：_句型5：主语谓语宾语宾补：_,二、先判断简单句的句型再翻译1.在公共汽车上,他经常把座位让给老人。2.这个男孩在地板上找到了他的钢笔。3.新式机器将会为你节省许多劳动。4.他们设法扑灭了那场大火。,Onthebus,heoftengiveshisseattoanoldperson.,Theboyfoundhispenonthefloor.,Thenewmachinewillsaveyoualotoflabor.,Theymanagedtoputoutthebigfire.,5.十岁以上的小孩需要买票。6.他的勤奋(diligence)弥补了他的经验不足。7.解放以来，中国发生了许多巨大的变化。,Thechildrenover10yearsoldneedtobuytickets.,Hisdiligencemadeupforhislackofexperience.,ManygreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChinasinceliberation.,8.外面有一辆小汽车等着。9.不久，杰克就成为了一名熟练的出租车司机。10.我认为花更多的时间练习口语是必要的。,Thereisacarwaitingoutside.,Jackbecameaskilledtaxi-driversoon.,IconsideritnecessarytospendmoretimepracticingspokenEnglish.,Therebe句型难点解析,therebe句型又称为存在句型，表示“有，存在”的意思。其中there起引导作用没有实际意思，therebe后面的名词是主语。注意therebe的变化形式：therehavebeen,therehappenedtobethereislikelytobetheremustbe,一、therebe两大句型结构Thereisabigtreeinourschool.(therebe主语状语)Thereisatruckcollectingrubbishoutside.(therebe主语定语),请翻译下列句子。1.主教学楼后面有一座实验楼。(classroombuilding)Thereisalabbuildingbehindthemainclassroombuilding.2.我们班有22个男生和23个女生。(class)Thereare22boysand23girlsinourclass.,翻译句子,3.明天下午，会议室里将会有一个讲座。(meetingroom)3.Therewillbealectureinthemeetingroomtomorrowafternoon.4.花园里曾经有过一口水井。(usedto)4.Thereusedtobeawellinthegarden.5.这房间里有一张床,一张桌子和两张椅子。(therebe)5.Theresabed,atable,andtwochairsinthisroom.,二、therebe与have的区别Therebe表示“某处存在某物或某人”，不强调此物归谁所有。have表示“某人拥有某物”。在表示“装备有、包括、存在”时可与therebe互换。花园里有一辆小车。Thereisacarinthegarden.()Thegardenhasacar.()我们的村庄只有一条街。Thereisonlyonestreetinourvillage.()Ourvillagehasonlyonestreet.(),翻译：1.小猫有一身干净而洁白的毛。2.冰箱有很多水果。3.这个国家有丰富的资源。,Thecathascleanandwhitehair.,Therearemanyfruitsinthefridge.,Thiscountryhasrichresources.=Therearerichresourcesinthiscountry.,三、Therebe句型有时态变化1.Thereissomeoneatthedoortoseeyou.门口有人找你。2.There_ameetingtonight.今晚有个会议。3.There_manysuchaccidentsbeforeyoucame.你来之前就有过很多起这样的事故。4.There_aknockatthedoorjustnow.刚才有人敲门。5.There_rainsoon.不久天就要下雨了。,isgoingtobe,hadbeen,was,willbe,四、therebe与情态动词连用theremustbe一定有Theremightbe可能有therecantbe不可能有thereoughttobe应该有1.Thereoughtnottobesomanypeople.不应该有这么多的人。2.There_somethingwronghere这儿肯定有问题。3.There_snowatnight.晚上可能有雪。4.There_anythinginthefridge.冰箱里不可能有东西。,mustbe,mightbe,cantbe,五、Therebe句型中be前面可用一些半助动词，如：thereiscertain/boundtobe(一定会有)therehappentobe(碰巧有)thereislikelytobe(可能有)thereusedtobe(过去一直有，曾经有)thereappear/seemtobe(似乎有),1.Thereareboundtobeobstaclesforustogetover一定会有障碍需要我们去克服。2.There_agrocerystoreonthecorner.以前在这个街口有家杂货店。3.There_anoldfriendofmineintheclub在那个俱乐部碰巧有我的一个老朋友。4.There_severalreasonsforchangingourplans看来改变我们的计划有几个理由。,usedtobe,happenedtobe,appeartobe,六、Therebe句型的就近原则：Thereisapenandtwobooksonthedesk.Therearetwobooksandapenonthedesk.Therestandsadogandtwowolves.Therestandtwowolvesandadog.,用be的适当形式填空1.There_onlyatable,fourchairsandasmallbedintheroom.2.There_somewaterinthebottle.3.There_somestudentsandateacherintheclassroom.4.There_ateacherandsomestudentsintheclassroom.,is,is,are,is,七、由therebe构成的固定句型1.Thereisnosense/use/gooddoing做某事没有意义/没有用Thereisnosenseinwaitinghere.在这里等候下去毫无意义。2.Thereisnoneedtodo没有必要做某事Thereisnoneedtoworry.没有必要担心。3.Thereisnodoing不可能做,无法做Thereisnojokingaboutsuchmatters.这种事情开不得玩笑。,综合练习,1.改错：Thereare48%oftheboyschoosesportsstars.,改法1：把choose改为choosing或whochoose,改法2：删除Thereare,Thereare48%oftheboyschoosing/whochoosesportsstars.,48%oftheboyschoosesportsstars.,2.填空：-Whatarainysummerwevehad!-Yes,there_(be)only3sunnyweekendsthewholesummer.Thereisnouse_(talk)alotwithoutdoinganything.Therearealotofpeople_(wait)forthebustocome.Thelittlegirlisafraidtoenterthehouse,becausethere_(lie)abigdogatthegate.Whatapity,mynewcomputerdoesntwork._mustbesomethingwrongwithit.,havebeen,taking,waiting,lies,there,3.翻译：有一半的女生选择把电影明星作为偶像。这条河过去有很多水。只剩一个月的时间就要期中考试了。,Halfofthegirlschoosefilmstarsasidols.,Thereusedtobeplentyofwaterinthisriver.,Therearehalfofthegirlschoosingfilmstarsasidols.,Thereareonlyonemonthleftbeforethemid-termexamination.,毫无疑问，他已经意识到自己的错误了。有两个原因可以解释(accountfor)这种现象。没有必要为自己所做的事情找借口。,Thereisnoneedtomakeexcusesforwhatyouhavedone.,Thereisnodoubtthatheisawareofhismistakes.,Therearetworeasonsthataccountforthephenomenon.,并列句,基本句型：简单句+连词+简单句,Itriedtospeakloudlybutnobodyheardme.,一、把下列句子改写成并列句1.Englishiswidelyusedintheworld.MostbusinesslettersarewritteninEnglish.2.Thesportfirstappearedin1896.Itwassuspendedduringthe1904and1928Games.,EnglishiswidelyusedintheworldandmostbusinesslettersarewritteninEnglish.,Thesportfirstappearedin1896,butItwassuspendedduringthe1904and1928Games.,3.Idliketostudylawatuniversity.Mycousinprefersgeography.4.Wouldyoulikeacupofcoffee?Shallwegetdowntobusiness?5.Johngotthefirstplace,whichmadehisparentsveryhappy.,Idliketostudylawatuniversitywhilemycousinprefersgeography.,Wouldyoulikeacupofcoffeeorshallwegetdowntobusiness?,Johngotthefirstplaceanditmadehisparentsveryhappy.,二、翻译1.我没出去，呆在家里看书。2.中国是发展中国家，而美国是发达国家。3.孩子们非常高兴，或者至少看起来很高兴。,Ididntgoout,instead,Istayedathomeandread.,Chinaisadevelopingcountry,whiletheUnitedStatesisadevelopedone.,Thechildrenareveryhappyoratleasttheylookhappy.,4.30%的学生陪父母走亲访友；45%的学生在家做功课。,30%ofthemspentmostoftheirtimewiththeirparentsvisitingrelativesandfriendswhile40%ofthemstayedathometodohomework.,四、语法填空ALastweekIwenttothetheatre1Ihadaverygoodseat.Theplaywasveryinteresting2Ididnotenjoyit.Ayoungmanandayoungwomanweresittingbehindme3theyweretalkingloudly.Igotveryangry,4Icouldnotheartheactors,5Iturnedroundandlookedatthemanandthewomanangrily,6theydidnotpayattention.Intheend,Icouldnotbearit.Iturnedaroundagain.“Icanthearaword.”Isaidangrily.“Itsnoneofyourbusiness,”theyoungmansaidrudely.“Thisisaprivateconversation!”,and,but,and,for,so,but,BManypeoplekeepssmallfish1pet.Theykeeptheminatank2alotofwaterandsmallplantsinit.Thetankismadeofglasssothatpeoplecanseeinsidethetankandwatchthefish.Thefishneedroom.Theymustntbecrowded.Theyneedoxygentobreathe.3mustbeenoughwaterforallfish,4thesizeofthetankisveryimportant.Inthetankpeopleputsmallplants5aregoodforfish.Theygiveoxygentothewater.Plantshelpthefishinotherways,too.Theycanhideamongtheplants,sleep6layeggsthere.,as,with,There,so,that/which,and,Thefish7bekeptinw