高中英语unit1 Grammarthe subjunctive mood课件 人教新课标选修6.ppt

2020/5/5,虚拟语气(一)subjunctivemood(i),grammer语法,monet,canyoumatchthepaintingsandthepainters?,ifyouwereanartist,whatkindofpictureswouldyoupaint?,ifiwereanartist,iwouldpaint,陈述语气陈述事实或提出看法,有肯定,否定,疑问或感叹等形式iwenttothetheatreyesterday.jackhadntcomebackhomeyet.祈使语气请求,邀请,命令,警告或劝告等letsgo.donttouchanythingonthetableuntilthebellrings.,一.语气的分类,虚拟语气不是事实,而是假设,愿望,怀疑或推测等ifiwereyou,iwouldnotleaveheralone.ourteachersuggestedthatwegotothelibrarythisafternoon.,2020/5/5,条件句表示主句的条件,分真实条件句和虚拟条件句两种。,a.真实条件句表示条件是真的或有可能实现的,采用陈述语气。b.虚拟条件句表示条件是无法实现或几乎无法实现的,采用虚拟语气。,二.if虚拟条件句的概念,由if引导的虚拟条件句叫作if虚拟条件句icouldeasilyrecognizeifihadseenhimbefore.其他虚拟条件句withoutyourhelp,icouldnthavefinishedmyworkontime.,三.ifsentencestructureif虚拟条件句的结构,a.表示与现在事实相反的假设b.表示与过去事实相反的假设c.表示与将来事实相反的假设,1.虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中(1)表示与现在事实相反的假设,条件状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去式(be动词的过去式用were)”,而主句中的谓语动词“would/should/could/might+动词原形”。,虚拟语气,ifiwereaboy,iwouldjointhearmy.,whatwouldyoudoifyouwonthelottery?ifiwonthelottery,iwould,ifiwonthelottery,iwouldbuyanexpensivecar.,ifihadalotofmoney,iwouldbuyavilla.,ifitwerefinenow,iwouldgoshopping.,a.ifthey_(be)here,they_(take)youradvice.b.iftheworld-war_(burst)outagain,what_(happen)toourpeopleonearth?,were,wouldtake,burst,wouldhappen,practice1:fillintheblanks.,c.ifthepoliceman_(benot)inthatroom,it_(be)verydangerous.d.ifi_(be)inyourposition,i_(ask)forteachershelp.,werenot,couldbe,were,wouldask,2.与过去的事实相反,从句的谓语用had过去分词,构成ifi(we,you,he,they)had过去分词的形式；主句的谓语用should(第一人称)/would(第二、三人称)/could/mighthave动词过去分词。,ifhe_morecarefully,he_thecaraccidentyesterday.,haddriven,wouldnothavehad,ifi_howtoswim,i_trappedinthisisland.,hadlearnt,wouldnothavebeen,a.iftom_(be)morecarefulintheexam,he_(pass)italready.b.ifyou_(get)upearlier,you_(catch)thefirsttrain.,hadbeen,wouldhavepassed,hadgot,wouldhavecaught,practice2:fillintheblanks,c.ifi_(meet)youyesterday,we_(go)totheconcerttogether.,hadmet,wouldhavegone,3.与将来事实相反,从句的谓语用ifi(we,you,he,they)动词过去式或weretodo或shoulddo形式,主句谓语用should(第一人称)/would(第二、三人称)/could/might动词原形。,ifhegotupearly,hewouldbeontime.,假如他来了,我们对他说什么呢？,ifheweretocome,whatshouldwesaytohim.,假如他看见我,就会认识我。,ifheshouldseeme,hewouldknowme.,a.ifthere_(be)nonaturalresourceanymore,we_(make)useofnuclearpower.b.what_(happen)ifyou_(getup)toolatetomorrow?,shouldbe,shouldmake,wouldhappen,shouldgetup,practice3:fillintheblanks,c.ifrobots_(control)theworldsomeday,here_(be)nofriendship.,weretocontrol,wouldbe,主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间,这时主从句位于动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同,这叫做混合条件句。例句中从句与过去事实相反,主句与现在事实相反ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday,youwouldknowwhattodonow.,ifthestaffhadbeenmorecareful,themallwouldnotbeonfirenow.,过去时(were),would/could/should/might+v.(原),虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。,过去完成时,would/could/should/might+have+p.p.,1.过去时2.should+v.3.weretodo,would/could/should/might+v.(原),二.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法,1.在动词wish后的宾语从句中,表示与现在或过去的事实相反,或对将来的主观愿望,从句通常省略连词that。,表示对现在情况的虚拟:从句动词用过去式(be动词一般用were)。,iwishiwereastallasyou.,iwishiwereabird.,iwisheverydayweremybirthday.,iwish/wishedihadnteatensomuchwatermelon.,(2)表示对过去情况的虚拟:从句动词常用“had过去分词”。,thepartywasterrible,iwishihadnevergonetoit.,(3)表示对将来的主观愿望:从句动词形式为“wouldcouldmight动词原形”。,注意:主句的主语与从句的主语不能相同,因为主句的主语所期望的从句动作能否实现，取决于从句主语的态度或意愿。但愿你立刻来。iwishyouwouldcomesoon.,iwishitwouldraintomorrow.,asif/asthough,由asif(asthough)或eventhough(eventhough)引导的状语从句表示比较或方式时,从句谓语形式为动词的过去式(be用were)或“had过去分词”。,hebehavesasifheownedthehouse.,hetalksaboutromeasthoughhehadbeentherehimself.,.hewalksasifheweredrunk(其实并没醉）,注意:如果表示的事情可能会发生或事实如此,那么状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。,hewalksasifheisdrunk.（确实醉了）,关于虚拟语气辩析1,ishouldntdothatifiwasyou.ishouldntdothatifiwereyou.表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，从句谓语动词不能用was只能用were.ifmyfatherwereherenow,hewilltellmewhattodo.ifmyfatherwereherenow,hewouldtellmewhattodo.表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,主句的的助动词只能用would,might等,3.ifiknewhertelephonenumber,iwouldhavecalledher.ifihadknownhertelephonenumber,iwouldhavecalledher.表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，从句的动词要用过去完成时,4.idontthinkthatishallfail.butififail,iwouldtryaga