英语句子成分讲解(附练习和答案)PPT课件

.,英语句子成分,.,4种基本成分+2种修饰成分,基本成分主语谓语动词宾语补足语修饰成分状语（用来修饰动词状语修饰对象不限于动词）定语（用来修饰名词）,.,关系图,句子成分,基本成分,修饰成分,核心成分,谓语成分,主语,谓语,宾语,补语,直接宾语,间接宾语,主语补足语（表语）,宾语补足语,定语（修饰名词）,状语（修饰动词）,.,.,5种基本句型-动词决定句型,Herlovedied.Shelovedme.Shegavemeakiss.Shemademehappy.Sheislovable.,.,动词决定句型，但动词决定不了状语和定语的存在与否，或者说，状语和定语填补动词的语义空缺。,.,给下列短文划分句子成分。,LosersLookforQuickFixesTherearetwowaysofgettingridofweedsinyouryard:theeasywayandthenot-so-easyway.(1)Theeasywaymaybetorunalawnmowerand(2)theyardlooksfineforawhile,butthatisatemporaryanswer.Soontheweedsareback.But(3)thenot-so-easywaymaymeangettingdownonyourhandsandkneesandpullingouttheweedsbytheroots.Itistime-consumingandpainful,but(4)theweedswillstayawayforalongertime.(5)Thefirstsolutionappearedeasy,but(6)theproblemremained.Thesecondsolutionwasnotsoeasy,buttookcareoftheproblemfromtheroots.(7)Thekeyistogettherootoftheproblem.Thesamethingistrueofourattitudeinlife.Theproblemwithpeopletodayisthat(8)theywantinstantanswer.(9)Theyarelookingforone-minutesolutionstoeverything.Justlikeinstantcoffee,theywantinstanthappiness.Therearenoquickfixes.(10)Thisattitudeleadstodisappointmentorevenfailure.,.,Theeasywaymaybetorunalawnmowertheyardlooksfineforawhilethenot-so-easywaymaymeangettingdownonyourhandsandkneesandpullingouttheweedsbytheroots.theweedswillstayawayforalongertime.Thefirstsolutionappearedeasy,主,主,主,主,主,表/主补,表/主补,时间状语,表/主补,时间状语,谓,谓,谓,谓,谓,宾,.,theproblemremained.Thekeyistogettherootoftheproblem.theywantinstantanswer.Theyarelookingforone-minutesolutions（toeverything）.Thisattitudeleadstodisappointmentorevenfailure.,主,谓,主,主,主,主,谓,谓,谓,谓,表/主补,宾,宾,宾,宾补,定,.,主语谓语动作的执行者,主语可以省略。主语的形式结构：Thesunrisesintheeast.（名词）Helikesdancing.（代词）Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.(数词)Seeingisbelieving.（动名词）Toseeistobelieve.（不定式）Whatheneedsisabook.（主语从句）Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.,.,宾语动作的承受者,动宾IlikeChina.（名词）Hehatesyou.（代词）Howmanydoyouneed?Weneedtwo.（数词）Weshouldhelptheoldandthepoor.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.（动名词）Ihopetoseeyouagain.（不定式）Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?（宾语从句）介词后的名词、代词和动名词-介宾Areyouafraidofthesnake?Underthesnow,therearemanyrocks.双宾语-间宾（指人）和直宾（指物）Hegavemeabookyesterday.Givethepoormansomemoney.,.,谓语说明主语的动作、状态和特征,必不可少；决定句子结构；谓语的形式结构-动词WestudyEnglish.Helikesplayingthegames.,.,宾语动作的承受者,动宾IlikeChina.（名词）Hehatesyou.（代词）Howmanydoyouneed?Weneedtwo.（数词）Weshouldhelptheoldandthepoor.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.（动名词）Ihopetoseeyouagain.（不定式）Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?（宾语从句）介词后的名词、代词和动名词-介宾Areyouafraidofthesnake?双宾语-间宾（指人）和直宾（指物）Hegavemeabookyesterday.Givethepoormansomemoney.,.,补语补充说明名词的成分，通常出现在主语或宾语后边。,宾语补足语.主语补足语（表语）；补足语的形式结构：Weelectedhimmonitor.（名词）Weallthinkitapitythatshedidntcomehere.（名）Wewillmakethemhappy.（形容词）Wefoundnobodyin.(副词)Pleasemakeyourselfathome.介词短语）Dontlethimdothat.（省to不定式）Hisfatheradvisedhimtoteachthelazyboyalesson.（to不定式）Dontkeepthelightsburning.（现在分词）Illhavemybikerepaired.（过去分词）Hewaselectedmonitor.Shewasfoundsinginginthenextroom.Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.,.,系动词,befeel,look,sound,taste,smell,seem,appear,become,grow,get,turn,fall,go,comecontinue,remain,stay,keep,.,状语-状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句，说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让步、方向、程度、目的等。,Theboyneedsapenverymuch.（程度状语）Theboyneedsverymuchthepenboughtbyhismother.（宾语较长则状语前置）Theboyreallyneedsapen.（程度状语）Theboyneedsapennow./Now,theboyneedsapen./Theboy,now,needsapen.（时间状语）Intheclassroom,theboyneedsapen.（地点状语）Beforehismother,Tomisalwaysaboy.(条件状语)OnSundays,thereisnostudentintheclassroom.(时间状语)Hesitsthere,askingforapen.（表示伴随状态）Havingtofinishhishomework,theboyneedsapen.（原因状语）Frightened,hesitstheresoundlessly.（原因状语）Theboyneedsapentodohishomework.（目的状语）Tomakehisdreamcometrue,Tombecomesveryinterestedinbusiness.（目的状语）,.,定语修饰名词,TheboyThecuteboyThecuteboyinbluejeansThecuteboywearingbluejeansThecuteboywhoiswearingbluejeans,ismybrother.,.,同位语名词短语的补语成分,名词才有同位语；同位语即名词补足语；省略同位语，句子意思完整。Myuncle,mymothersbrother,diedofcancerwhenhewas47.Ihavenoideawhentheywillbebackandsettledown.,.,Moreexercise划分句子成分。,1.Ourschoolisnotfarfrommyhome.2.Itisagreatpleasuretotalkwithyou3.Allofusconsideredhimhonest.4.Mygrandfatherboughtmeapairofsportsshoes.5.Hebrokeapieceofglass.6.Hemadeitclearthathewouldleavethecity7.-Iloveyoumorethanherchild8.Teesturngreenwhenspringcomes.9.Theypushedthedooropen.10.Grandmatoldmeaninterestingstorylastnight.,.,Moreexercise划分句子成分。,11.Hewrotecarefullysomeletterstohisfriends.12.Allthestudentsthinkhighlyofhisteaching13.Weneedaplacetwicelargerthanthisone.14.HeaskedustosinganEnglishsong.15.Dontgetnervous，helpyourselftowhatyoulike16.Wewillmakeourschoolmorebeautiful.17.HedidntcomeThatiswhyhedidntknow18.Sheshowedushermanyofherpictures.19.Theoldmanlivesalonelylife.20.Luckilythe1989earthquakedidnothappeninthecenteroftown.,.,Moreexercise划分句子成分。,21.ThecarsmadeinJapanarebetterthanthoseinGermany22.Therearesomanypeopleinthehallthatitshardformetofindhim23.Nomatterhowdifficultthetaskmaybe,wemustfulfilitthismonth.24.Gobackwhereyoucamefrom.25.Wemustdowhateverthepeoplewantustodo.26.Atlasthegothome,tiredandhungry.27.Wouldyoupleasepassmethecup?28Maryhandedherhomeworktotheteacher.29.Doyouknowthelatestnewsabouthim?30.Illgetmyhaircuttomorrow.,.,Key答案,分析下列句子成分1.主语系动词表语2.主语系动词表语3.主语动词宾语宾语补足语4.主语双宾动词间接宾语直接宾语5.主语及物动词宾语6.主语动词形式宾语it宾语补足语+宾语7.主语及物动词宾语8.主语系动词表语9.主语动