人教版选修7Unit2动词不定式的被动语态ppt课件

.,Unit2RobotsGrammar,动词不定式的被动语态,.,一、复习各种时态的被动语态被动语态的基本结构:be+done（以thebook,publish为例）一般现在/过去时：Thebook_.一般/过去将来时:Thebook_.Thebook_.现在/过去进行时：Thebook_.现在/过去完成时:Thebook_.情态动词：Thebook_.,is/waspublished,will/wouldbepublished,is/was(going)tobepublished,is/wasbeingpublished,has/hadbeenpublished,can/could/may/mightbepublished,.,二、动词不定式的被动语态1.动词不定式的被动语态有两种形式：1）一般式（not/never）tobedone2）完成式（not/never）tohavebeendone（表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前）,.,2.动词不定式的被动语态在句子中的作用1)做主语（常用it做形式主语）Tobeofferedsympathybyarobotisridiculous.被邀请参加这个亚运会开幕式，是一大荣幸。2)做表语ThepartyistobeheldnextSaturdayevening.明年,这种新药将在500个过度肥胖的人上进行试验。,Itisridiculoustobeofferedsympathyby.,ItisagreathonortobeinvitedtoattendtheopeningceremonyofAsianGames.,Thenewdrugistobetestedoutonthe500overweightpeoplenextyear.,.,3)做宾语Shedidntliketobetreatedasachild.Hepretendedtohavebeenbeatenbyhisstep-father.这位职员不希望被她的顾客嘲笑。,Theclerkwouldntliketobelaughedatbyhercustomers,4)做宾语补足语Tonyexpectedthehousetobecompletelytransformed.这个残疾的孩子期望由这个首席建筑师来设计这座电影院。,Thedisabledchildexpectedthecinematobedesignedbythechiefarchitect.,有些动词，如want,require,need作“需要”讲时，常接不定式的被动语态或者动名词的主动形式作宾语；例如needdoing=needtobedonewantdoing=wanttobedone,.,5）做定语TheEnglishareproudoftheOlympicGamestobeheldinLondon.,6）做状语AllthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediatelysoastobereceivedintimeforChristmas.他匆忙赶到订票处（bookingoffice）却被告知所有的票都卖完了。,Hehurriedtothebookingofficeonlytobetoldthatalltheticketshadbeensoldout.,.,3.在下列情况中用不定式的主动形式表示被动意思。1)不定式作后置定语，与被修饰的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，但又与该句主语（或另一名词/代词）构成逻辑上的主谓关系时,Hehasnothingtoeat.分析：eat动nothing宾/he主eat谓Iwillgiveyouabooktoread.分析：_动_宾/_主_谓这个优雅的女人有事情要宣布。,read,abook,you,read,Theelegantladyhadsomethingtodeclare.,.,比较：Ihavealotofletterstotype.(我有很多信件要打印：Iwilltypetheletter)Ihavealotofletterstobetyped.(意思为：Igetsb.totypetheletter)1)IllgotoNewYork.Haveyouanything_(take)toyourwifethere?2)Haveyouanyclothes_(wash),sir?”askedthemaid.3)IcannotgooutnowasIhavealotofclothes_(wash),tobetaken,tobewashed,towash,注意：若句子的主语并非不定式的逻辑主语时，不定式则必须用被动式。,.,3在某些“形容词+不定式”的结构中，常用主动表被动。,如：n.+be+adj.+todon.+be+too+adj.+todon.+be+adj.+enoughtodo这项工作很容易做。Thejobiseasytodo.这东西太小，看不见。Thethingistoosmalltosee.这东西很轻，可以搬动。,.,注意：如果动词为不及物动词，则要注意介词的搭配。Johnisdifficulttodealwith.如：这扶手椅坐起来很舒服。这题目很难算出来。,Thearmchairiscomfortabletositin,Thequestionisdifficulttoworkout,.,4.Therebe结构中，用不定式的主动和被动式来修饰主语，区别不大。Thereisalotofworktodo/tobedone.(多用主动形式)没有什么可担心的。,Thereisnothingtoworryabout.,.,5某些动词不定式与be连用时用主动形式表被动意义。,如：betoblamebetolet此房出租。Thehouseistolet.那个年轻人觉得这次的交通事故应该怪他。Theyoungmanfeltthathewastoblameforthetracfficaccident.,.,Exercise,Edwardisapromisingyoungmaninourcompanyandhisjobidtodesignrobots.Hedesireshisrobots_(use)bythecustomersaroundtheworld,hoping_(envy)byothers.ButsometimesEdwardcanbereallystubborn.Onceheurgedhisteamtocarryonhisdesignworkthoughthereisadesinfaultinhisrobot.Therobotwastobetested_soon.Hethoughthewoulddeserve_(praise).Butthefactwasthattherobotwas_failure.,.,Afterthetest,heset_sometimethinkingabouthisdesignandasked_(leave)alonewithoutbeingdisturbed.Herealizedthathehimselfwas_(blame)forthefailureofthetest.Atthecompanysconference,Edwardstatedthathehadsomthing_(say).Hesaid_(accompany)byhiscolleaguesgavehimmuchcomfortandcourage.Hewouldworkhardertorealizehisdream.,.,1.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains_whethertheywillenjoyit.A.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.seen,B,.,2.Ihurriedtothemeetinghall,only_thatthemeetinghadbeenputoff.A.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.told,B,.,3.Doletyourmotherknowallthetruth,sheappears_everything.A.totellB.tobetoldC.tobetellingD.tohavebeentold,D,.,4.LittleTomshouldlove_tothetheaterthisevening.A.tobetakenB.totakeC.beingtakenD.taking,A,.,5.Itissaidthatplasticscanbeusedto_manythings.Nowpeopleareusedto_plasticsproducts.A.make;usingB.making;usingC.making;useD.make;use,A,.,6.Withalotofproblems_,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.A.settledB.settlingC.tosettleD.beingsettled,C,.,7.He_andwasmadetorepeatit.A.didntunderstandB.didntbeunderstoodC.wasntunderstandD.wasntunderstood,D,.,9.Visitors_nottotouchtheexhibits.A.willrequestB.requestC.arerequestingD.arerequested,D,.,10.Insomepartsoftheworld,tea_withmilkandsugar.A.isservingB.isservedC.servesD.served,B,.,1.Itwilltakeseveralweeksforyourcomputerto_(repair).2.Iknewhim_(catch)bythepolice.3.Avoteisrequired_(take)inourcompanyatonce.4.Whensomemoneywentmissingfromthebank,Thomaswasbelieved_(steal)it.,berepaired,tohavebeencaught,tobetaken,tohavestolen,练习,.,7.Ihope_(admit)toZhongshanUniversity.8.Thebookissaidto_(translate)intoseverallanguages.9.Ifeelgreatlyhonored_