高中英语强调句和形式主语

-教育精选- 能力提升6强调句和形式主语（宾语）句型知识点1：强调句：强调句型：It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其余成分（被强调部分是人可用that或who，其余一律用that；it不能更换，it is/was 与其余部分时态一致，is/was的数不受被强调部分单复数的影响）例如I happened to meet Tom in the street the day before yesterday.我前天碰巧在街上遇见汤姆。 (1)强调主语I:(2)强调宾语Tom：（3）强调地点状语：（4）强调时间状语：强调动词：_(1)I study English. _(2)I studied English._(3)He studies English_对一般疑问句的强调：Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+句子其余成分 e.g. Was it Oliver who was locked in a room。对特殊疑问句的强调：疑问词+is/was +it+ that+句子其余成分(陈述语序) e.g. When was it that he go home? Why is it that.?对not. until结构进行强调时，构成It is/was not untilthat结构It was not until he finished all his homework that he went to bed last night。知识点2：形式主语句型：结构一：It当形容词是：possible, impossible, necessary, difficult, hard, easy等，我们可以用：It is +adj. + for sb. to do sth., 如：It is important for us to learn English well. 对于我们来说，学好英语很重要。It is dangerous for the children to swim in the river. 对于孩子们来讲，在河里游泳很危险。结构二：当形容词是表示行为者的性质、品质特征的，如：kind, good, nice, right, wrong, clever, polite, foolish等，我们可以用介词of，即：It is +adj. +of sb. to do sth. 如：It is very kind of you to help me.你来帮助我，你真好。It is very clever of you to work out the problem. 你把这道题解出来了，你真聪明。结构三：特殊情况，Its no good / no use/ useless doing sth 考试作弊是没有用的_结构四It is + adj. +that +从句这是主语从句常见的句型，it代替that引导的主语从句，形容词可以是：clear, possible, natural, obvious, important, necessary, strange, good 等。It is clear that the man is telling a lie.很明显，这人在撒谎。It is necessary that we should learn English well.我们应当学好英语，这是必要的。It is true that he will come to see me.他要来看我，这是真的。结构五：It + be + 过去分词 + that .该句型常见动词有：say, hope, think, suppose, expect, report, know, believe, decidee.g. It is said that they have invented a new type of computer.区分是强调句还是形式句型，只需要把It is/was.that/who这个结构去掉，如果去掉后能成句，就是强调句，如果成分不齐或不能成句，就是形式句型。知识点3：形式宾语其基本结构为“动词it宾语补足语不定式（动名词或从句）”。如： I find it difficult to do the job well 我发现做好这件事不容易。 I think it best that you should stay here 我认为你最好住这儿。 We think it no use complaining 我们认为抱怨是没有用的。特殊结构： 当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在复合宾语结构中作某些动词的宾语时 (如think, make, find, consider, feel, suppose等)； e.g. They found it pleasant that they worked with us Chinese. (他们发现与我们中国人一起工作很愉快。) I dont feel it difficult to understand the Special English. (我觉得理解英语特别节目并不难。) 某些表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”的动词，如like, enjoy, love, hate等，往往不能直接接宾语从句；e.g. I dont like it that hes so lazy.(我不喜欢他那么懒惰。)I hate it when my mother asks me to eat eggs. (我讨厌母亲要我吃鸡蛋。练习一：误用形式主语的几种情形(1) Is _ necessary to tell his father everything? A. it B. that C. what D. he(2) _ must be something wrong with the machine. A. There B. It C. He D. That（3）_ is known to us all, the earth turns around the sun._ is known to us all that the earth turns around the sun.A. It B. Which C. As D. That（4）_ is difficult to persuade her to stay._ is difficult is to persuade her to stay.A. It B. What C. He D. That练习二：（1）It was with great joy _ he received the news that his lost daughter had been found. A. because B. which C. since D. that （2）. It was _ back home after the experiment. A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didnt go C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didnt go （3）. Why! I have nothing to confess. _ you want me to say? A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that （4）. It was because of bad weather _ the football match had to be put off. A. so B. so that C. why D. that （5）It was how the young man had learned five foreign languages _ attracted the audiences interest. A. so that B. that C. what D. in which （6）. Was _ that I saw last night at the concert? A. it you B. not you C. you D. that yourself （7）. It is _ who _ reasonable. A. me; am B. me; is C. I; am D. I; is （8）. Tom could not say what it was _bothered him. A. that B. who C. what D. which (9). It was in Beihai Park _ they made a date for the first time _ the old couple told us their love story. A. where; that B. that; that C. where; when D. that; when (10). It was _ I met Mr. Smith in London. A. many years that B. for many years since C. since many years ago when D. many years ago that (11). Was _ Bill, _ played basketball very well, _ helped the blind man across the street. A. that; that; who B. it; that; that C. it; who; that D. this; who; who练习三 1. Its easier _ than _. A. say, do B. to say, to do C. says, does D. saying, doing2. It takes me 30 minutes _ to school by bike every day. A. going B. to go C. goes D. go3. Its not easy _ us _ a foreign language. A. for; learning B. of; learning C. of; to learn D. for; to learn4. Children find_ interesting to play computer games. A. that B. which C. it D. its5. Do you think it important _ computer well?A. play B. plays C. to play D. playing6. I dont think _ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.A. this B. that C. its D. it7. Does _ matter if he cant finish the job on time?A. this B. that C. he D. it8. Toms mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but _ didnt help.A. he B. which C. she D. it9. _ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A. There B. This C. That D. It10. I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full.A. it B. that C. these D. them11. I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.A. this B. that C. it D. one 12. We took _ for granted that they would accept our advice.A. that B. this C. it D. them13. _ that the scientist will give us a talk next month?A. Is true B. Is it true C. Its true D. Its truly14. Its no use forward to from her soon. A. to look; to hearB. looking; hearingC. looking; hear D. look; hear15. It took the workmen only two hours to finish _ my car.A. repairing B. repair C. to repair D. repaired16. _ is going to America for further study.A. He is said that B. People said that he C. It was s