中考英语总复习 专题四 介词和介词短语课件.ppt

专题四介词和介词短语,1.概念：介词主要是用来表示它后面的名词或代词与句子中其他某个成分之间的关系。介词在句子中不能单独使用，必须与后面的宾语构成介词短语才能在句子中充当成分。,考点归纳,2.分类按意义英语介词可分为3类：（1）时间介词，如：at，on，in，during，from，over，for，until等。（2）地点介词，如：at，on，in，across，to，over，between，inside，outside等。（3）其它介词，如：by，with，about，except，insteadof，dueto等。,考点归纳,考点一：表示时间的介词,考点梳理,考点梳理,1.weusuallyhavethefirstclass8:00inthemorning.(2015北京市)a.ofb.inc.ond.at2.nanjinglishuistrawberryfestivalopenedmarchinfujiabianmodernagriculturalparkthisyear.(2014南京市)a.onb.atc.ind.to3.juniorhighschooldayswillbeoveraweek.howareyoufeeling？imtryingtokeepmycoolbecausewevebeentogetherthreeyears.(2016黄冈市)a.in；inb.for；inc.in；ford.for；for,考点自测,d,c,c,4.whenisyourbirthday?iwasbornseptember17.a.onb.atc.ind.by5.theyusuallygoshoppingtheirlunchbreak.(2014杭州市)a.againstb.amongc.betweend.during6.ijoinedtheleaguemay,2009.whataboutyou?ivebeenaleaguememberthreeyears.(2013滨州市)a.in；forb.on；inc.on；ford.in；since,考点自测,a,d,a,7.hurryup,orwellbelateforthemeeting.itsonlyhalfonebymywatch.wehaveenoughtimeleft.(2016湖北省)a.pastb.beforec.tod.after8.mr.brownwasbusywithhisworkyesterday.hedidntgobackhomemidnight.a.sinceb.untilc.ond.in9.letsplayfootball,jack.ok,butihavetogobackhome9:00.mypianolessonbeginsat9:15.a.byb.untilc.tod.after10.youmustcome7:00oclock.themeetingwillbeginthen.(2012佛山市)a.beforeb.inc.ford.after,考点自测,a,b,a,a,11.youdontwanttovisitanyothermountainifyouhaveseenwuyue,butyouwontwishtoseeevenwuyuereturningfrommounthuangshan.(2013德州市)a.aboutb.beforec.sinced.after12.ihavebeencollectingstampsnineyearsago.a.tillb.byc.sinced.for,d,c,考点自测,考点二：表示地理位置的介词in，on，to1.in指的是在某个范围之内（范围内），如：dongguanliesinthemiddleofguangdong.东莞在广东中部。2.on表示与某地接壤,如：hunanisonthenorthofguangdong.湖南与广东北部接壤。3.to表示某地以外的方位（范围外）,如：hainanliestothesouthofguangdong.广东在海南北部。,考点梳理,theplantcanbeseenonlythenorthofcanada.a.atb.inc.ond.for,考点自测,b,考点三：表示方位的介词1.at在里（地方小）如：atschool在学校2.in在处（地方大）如：inguangzhou在广州3.on在上（有接触）；靠近如：onthedesk在桌子上onyourright在你右手边4.under在下方如：underthetable在桌子下5.against靠着；倚着；对抗如：thepianoliesagainstthewall.那部钢琴靠着墙。,考点梳理,6.into进入（指定方向）如：hegoesintohisbrothersroom.他进入他哥哥的房间。7.infrontof在前面如：thereisaparkinfrontofourschool.我们学校对面有个公园。8.behind在之后如：maryissittingbehindme.玛丽坐在我后面。,考点梳理,考点梳理,9.among在（三者或三者以上）之中如：amongthemountainsthereisalake.在大山之间有个湖。10.between在两者之间如：lilyissittingbetweenjimandmary.莉莉坐在吉姆和玛丽的中间。11.across横过如：goacrossthestreet.横穿街道。,12.through贯穿如：gothroughtheparkandyouwillfindsomethingdifferent.穿过公园，你就会发现不一样的风景。13.for前往如：misschenwillleaveforhongkongtomorrow.陈老师明天去香港。14.to到达如：iwillcallyouassoonasigettoguangzhou.我一到广州就打电话给你。,考点梳理,1.iliveabigcity,butmysisterlivesasmalltown.a.at；inb.in；inc.in；atd.at；at2.cambridgeisasmallcitytheeastofengland.(2014天津市)a.betweenb.withc.ind.under,考点自测,b,c,3.couldyoutellmethewaytothesciencemuseum,please?yes,walkalongthisstreet.youllseeityourleft.a.onb.inc.ford.over4.mr.greensofficeisthe26thfloor.youcantaketheliftthere.(2014重庆市)a.atb.inc.ond.for,考点自测,a,c,5.jimlivesasmallvillageandtheairthereisveryfresh(2016重庆市)a.onb.inc.underd.from6.mr.wangisstronglykeepinganimalsinthezoo,becausehethinksanimalsshouldalsoenjoyfreedom.a.upb.forc.againstd.down7.whenwasshenzhou10sentspace?ontheafternoonofjune11,2013.a.intob.atc.ind.to,考点自测,b,c,a,8.ioftendreamofflyingaplanemountainsandoceans.a.onb.overc.ofd.to9.peter,canyoutellmethedifferencesthefourwords?sorry,idontknow.a.betweenb.amongc.ford.from10.thetrainrunsbeijingandnanning.a.onb.atc.betweend.among,考点自测,b,b,c,11.wewillbuildanothernewgreatgreenwallthenorthernpartofchina.a.amongb.acrossc.throughd.between12.themoonlightisshiningthewindow.everythingintheroomlookssonice.a.overb.acrossc.throughd.past13.whendidheleavechina?onasunnymorning.a.inb.atc.ond.for,考点自测,b,c,d,14.peoplefromdifferentpartsoftheworldwillgolondonfortheolympicgamesthissummer.a.inb.onc.tod.across15.canaplaneflytheatlanticocean?yes,butitneedstogothecloudsforhours.a.across；throughb.through；acrossc.across；acrossd.through；through,考点自测,c,a,考点四：介词with的用法1.表示“带着，随着”如：ourenglishteacherlooksatuswithasmile.我们的英语老师面带微笑地看着我们。2.表示“用，以，被”如：hecuttheapplewithaknife.他用刀切苹果。3.表示“有，带有”如：iwanttohavesomewaterwithhoney.我想喝加了蜂蜜的水。4.表示“伴随,和”如：comewithme.跟我来。,考点梳理,1.class,letsseewhocanspellthemostwordstheseletters.(2016河北省)a.atb.intoc.ond.with2.yousee,keviniswritinghislefthand.(2014河北省)a.atb.asc.ford.with3.wheneveryoumeetdifficulties,youcanaskthepolicemanforhelp.a.byb.inc.ford.with4.maryherparentswenttothechimelongwaterparkonnationalday.a.byb.forc.ind.with,考点自测,d,d,d,d,考点五：except和besides的用法1.except表示“除了”，不包括后面所指内容。如：everyoneishereexceptjim.除了吉姆，其他人都在这。2.besides表示“除之外”，包括后面所指的内容。如：fiftystudentsareherebesidesjim.除了吉姆，还有其他五十个学生。,考点梳理,1.allthepeoplewenthomemr.wang,forhehadtofinishhiswork.a.withb.besidesc.exceptd.beside2.alltheworkerswenthomeyesterdaymr.white.why?becausehewasonduty.a.exceptb.besidesc.exceptford.beside3.whatlanguagecanyouspeakenglish?french.butjustalittle.a.besidesb.exceptc.besided.in,考点自测,c,a,a,考点六：习惯性用法1.inthetree在树上(本身不属于树上的物体)，onthetree（树上长出来的果子枝叶）2.inthewall在墙上（嵌入墙里），onthewall(紧贴墙面)3.by，in与with表示“以，用”（1）by表示“使用某种方式（方法、手段）”，后接名词或动词-ing形式，或接表交通工具的单数名词。（2）in表示“使用某种方式,用某种语言（语调、颜色、笔墨等）”。（3）with表示“使用某种工具（手段）”，后接具体的工具或手段。,考点梳理,1.look!thereisabluekitetheappletree.a.onb.atc.ind.for2.jeffpleasedeverybodybymakinghisdogwalktwolegs.(2015绵阳市)a.byb.overc.fromd.on3.igotoschoolbuseverymorning,butiamneverlateforschool.a.inb.onc.atd.by4.jackwenthomehisfatherscaryesterday,buthewaslatefortheclassbecauseofthetrafficaccident.a.byb.onc.withd.in,考点自测,c,d,d,d,5.bonnielooksverysmartandisalwayspinkbecausepinkisherfavoritecolor.a.withb.onc.aboutd.in6.jane,anenglishgirl,nowcaneatchinesefoodchopsticks.a.byb.inc.withd.on7.youcanimproveyourenglishreadingmore.(2013鞍山市)a.inb.withc.byd.of8.allhispocketmoney,danboughtapresentforhismotheronmothersday.(2014丽水市)a.withb.forc.byd.in,考点自测,d,c,c,a,考点七：常见的介词短语详见书本p30,考点梳理,1.idlikeacupofblackcoffee.whataboutyou,maggie?iprefercoffeesugar.a.thanb.forc.withd.to2.theyarrivedshanghaiacoldmorning.a.in；inb.in；onc.at；ond.at；in,考点自测,c,b,3.whathappenedtomarco?hefellthebikeasnowymorning.a.off；inb.down；atc.off；ond.down；on4.doyouknowthatmr.zhangpassedlastweek?yes.hediedillness.a.away；ofb.on；fromc.by；withd.off；as,考点自测,c,a,5.freeeducation,moreandmorepoorchildrencangobacktoschoolinthemountain.a.withoutb.thankstoc.insteadofd.accordingto6.now,peopleregarddrinkingteaaculturemorethanahabit.(2014临沂市)a.asb.byc.ofd.with7.whydoyoualwayssleep?becauseimafraidofthedark.a.byyourselfb.withthedooropenc.withthewindowopend.withthelighton,考点自测,b,a,d,8.dontaskhimtostudytoolateintothenight.,heisonlyasmallchild.a.asaresultb.afterallc.bestofalld.forexample9.thedragonboatfestivaliscelebrateddifferentwaysthesametimeindifferentplaceseveryyear.a.on；inb.in；atc.on；atd.by；on,考点自测,b,b,10.nickisneverlateforwork.healwaysgetstotheoffice.a.ontimeb.intimec.attimesd.fromtimetotime11.danielisaboyoffewwords.but,heiswarm-hearted.(2014金华市)a.inahurryb.infactc.intheendd.aboveall,考点自测,a,b,12.whatsyourteacherlike?sheisalwaysstrictus.a.inb.withc.tod.