构词法大全四种合成派生转化缩略

构词法,BarbaraShen,合成法转化法缩略法派生法,I.将所给的单词组成合成词.,onhomepostkeylivingnotextintersomedownunderwellfriendoutin,cardroombodylineboardstairslandnetstandbookknownthingshipdoorside,onlinehomeworkpostcardkeyboardliving-roomnothing/nobodytextbookinternetsomebody/somethingdownstairsunderstandwell-knownfriendshipoutdoorinside,选择适当的词用正确形式填空.(转化词),Couldyou_methepositionofthestationonthemap?Alotofancientthingsareon_inthemuseum.Flowersshouldbe_everyday.Itsimportantforourhumanbeingstosave_._inthecountrysideisverycomfortable.Theoldmanoftenhavea_aftersupper.Shestudies_thananyotherstudentsinherclass.Theproblemwastoo_forustoworkitout.Whatisthe_newstoday?Shecametoschool_thismorning.Herparentswereona_toXinjiang.TheGreatWallis_bymillionsofpeopleeveryyear.Therewasabigsmileontheteachers_.Thelittlegirlwascryingbecauseshewas_atiger.We_inononeofourfriendslastSaturday.A_ofinkfellontohisclothes.,water,drop,hard,show,face,walk,visit,late,show,show,watered,water,Walking,walk,harder,hard,latest,late,visit,visited,face,facing,dropped,drop,给出下列缩略词的汉语意思.,IDPLACPCWBAIFAFBIRMB,HKSARWHOIASAUFOCEOCIAVOA,身份证中国人民解放军中国共产党女子篮球协会国际足联联邦调查局人民币,香港特别行政区世界卫生组织美国航空航天局不明飞行物首席执行官中情局美国之音,IAEADIYBBCDJEECGDPSOHO,IMFIQEQOPECVASAPDINK,国际原子能机构自己动手英国国际广播迪斯科欧共体国民生产总值小型家庭办公,国际货币组织智商情商石油输出国组织胜利尽可能快地丁克,派生法在词根前面或后面加上词缀,构成新的单词,称为派生词.词缀称为前缀或后缀.,常用的前缀,及其意义如下表:,常用的后缀,及其意义如下表(I):,常用的后缀,及其意义如下表:,常用的几个前缀或后缀,1.re-,再,又，重新,Exercise:猜测下列单词的汉语意思.,readdressrebirthrecallrecollectrecoverreentryreissuerepayreproducerecount,redorefillremakeremindrenewreprintrethinkrepairreformreflect,更改地址复活,再生回忆,记起记得恢复再进入,重回再发行报答，回报再生,繁殖重计,再算,重做再装满改造提醒更新重印,再版再考虑修理改革反射,2.加在形容词,副词,动词，名词前,表示相反意义的前缀un,usual-like-certainly-able-beaten-born-comfortable-common-decided-cover-truth-,unusual不寻常的unlike不象uncertainly不确定unable不能unbeaten未输unborn未出生的uncomfortable不舒服的uncommon不一般的undecided未决定的uncover揭露,宣布untruth假象,3.加在形容词前表示“不，无”的前缀im/in,possible-mobile-movable-patient-perfect-polite-personal-proper-,impossible不可能的immobile固定的immovable不动的impatient不耐烦的imperfect不完美的impolite没礼貌的impersonal与个人无关的improper不恰当的,active-attentive-comparable-convenient-correct-dependant-direct-famous-,inactive不活跃的,消极的inattentive不集中精力的incomparable无可比拟的inconvenient不方便的incorrect不正确的independent依赖的indirect间接的infamous可耻的,4.用于某些动词,名词，形容词前表示“否定，相对,相反”意义的前缀dis,believe-agree-able-advantage-allow-appear-close-color-connect-,disbelieve不相信disagree不同意disable残疾的disadvantage不利之处disallow不准,不接受disappear消失disclose透露discolor使变色,褪色disconnect使断开,courage-cover-honest-like-obey-miss-pleasure-respect-similar-unity-trust-use-,discourage使泄气discover发现dishonest不诚实的dislike不喜欢disobey不服从,违抗dismiss解散displeasure不悦,不满disrespect无礼,不敬dissimilar不相似disunity不团结，分裂distrust不相信disuse不用,5.表示“错误”意思的前缀mis-,misbehaviormiscallmisdoingmisguidemisplacemisreadmisrule,misspendmistranslatemisusemisunderstandmisspellmispronouncemistake,行为不端误称,叫错恶行,罪行误导放错错读混乱,浪费误译误用误解误拼读错错误,6.动词变为名词加后缀tion,invent-create-pronounce-relate-produce-introduce-communicate-describe-compete-examine-,inventioncreationpronunciationrelationproductionintroductioncommunicationdescriptioncompetitionexamination,7.形容词的后缀-ful及其表示反义的后缀-less-ful“充满的.”-less“没有的.”,care-hope-help-use-thank-meaning-joy-pity-,careful细心的-careless粗心的hopeful有希望的-hopeless绝望的helpful有帮助的-helpless无助的useful有用的-useless没用的thankful感恩的-thankless忘恩的meaningful有意义的-meaninglessjoyful充满快乐的-joyless悲伤的pitiful可怜的-pitiless无怜悯心的,8.动词加后缀-able,表示“能够的，适合的”,use-think-enjoy-live-notice-believe-eat-like-change-count-,usable可用的thinkable可想象的enjoyable令人愉快的livable适合居住的noticeable易见的，显著的believable可信的eatable可吃的likable讨人喜欢的changeable易变的，多变的countable可数的,9.名词变为形容词的后缀-al,表示“的”,nature-person-medicine-magic-verb-nation