商务英语入门第九章-外教社修订版

高等学校英语拓展系列教程,主编：任书梅王璐,副主编：曹颖,外语教学与研究出版社,Chapter9,电子商务,ElectronicCommerce,LectureOutline,WhatIsE-Commerce?什么是电子商务？,BenefitsofE-Commerce电子商务的好处,TypesofE-Commerce电子商务的类型,ElectronicDataInterchange(EDI)电子数据交换,B2BE-Commerce企业间的电子商务,B2CE-CommerceOnlineShopping企业与消费者间的电子商务网上购物,E-Learning电子学习,GoingGlobalwithInternetMarketing利用因特网营销走向全球,Lead-inactivities,Shoppingonlinenowseemstobeverytrendybecauseofitsspeedinessandconvenience.Youcanshopathomewithoutgoingoutside.Inspiteofthis,therearestillsomepeoplewhomaygetonlinequitefrequently,eveneveryday,butnevershoponline.,Lead-inactivities,HaveyoueverboughtanythingthroughtheInternet?Ifyouhave,whydoyoudecidetoshoponline?Ifyouhavenot,whatarethereasonsforyounottryingtodoso?,Lead-inactivities,Possiblereasonsfornotdoingso,AdditionalInfo,Donttrustwebsitesspeedflowofinformation;increaseinventoryturnsandcustomersatisfaction;improveproductandsalesforecasting,time-to-market,andcashflow;integratesupplychain,andresultinimprovedrelationshipwithtradingpartners.,ElectronicDataInterchange(EDI),EDImayseemdifficulttodistinguishfrome-mailasbothinvolvethetransmissionofelectronicmessagesbetweencomputersystems.WhatdifferentiatesEDIfrome-mailistheinternalstructureandcontentofthedatamessage.Thecontentofane-mailmessageisnotintendedtobeprocessedinanywaybythereceivedsystem,whereasEDImessagesareintendedforandarethereforestructuredforautomaticprocessing.,EDIhasbeeninuseintheU.S.formorethan25yearsbutitsscopehasmainlybeenlimitedtolargecompanies.GartnerGroupestimatesthatlessthanonepercentofU.S.businessuseEDI.Theprimarybarrieriscost,includingthecostofimplementingEDIsoftwareandthecostofcommunication.,Internet-basedEDI,ElectronicDataInterchange(EDI),WiththepopularityoftheInternet,conductingEDIovertheInternetoffersalow-costalternativethatisespeciallysuitableformedium-andsmall-sizecompanies.BeforeInternet-basedEDIcanspread,however,companieswillneedtoovercomeanumberofobstacles.,Internet-basedEDI,ElectronicDataInterchange(EDI),SupportofMultipleTechnologies:SomecompetingEDIdevelopersarebuildingincompatibletechnologies.Unlessadominantprovideremergesorcompaniesestablishcommonstandards,suppliersandretailerswillneedtosupportseveralInter-basedEDIsystems.Thus,theincompatibilityofEDIproductsfortheInternetmaycontinuetoposechallengesforcompanies.,Internet-basedEDI,ElectronicDataInterchange(EDI),SecurityMaintenanceandCoordination:ElectronicmessagesflowingoveritarenotassecurefrominterceptionandtamperingasmessagestransmittedwithinaproprietaryEDInetwork.MembersofInternet-basedsupplychainswillneedtoevaluatetheirsecurityneedsandemployencryptiontechnologiesandotherelectronicsecuritytoolstoprotectconfidentialdata.,Internet-basedEDI,ElectronicDataInterchange(EDI),OperationalResponsibility:TheresponsibilityforthesuccessfulmanagementofaprivateEDInetworkclearlyfallstothenetworkoperator.Bycontrast,inanInternet-basedsystem,responsibilityforseriousproblemssuchaslostorlatemessagesmaynotbeeasilytracedtoaparticularsourcetheInternetserviceprovider,thesupplierofthebrowser,orthecompanyprovidingtheEDItechnology.,Internet-basedEDI,ElectronicDataInterchange(EDI),Iftheseproblemscanbeovercome,largevolumesofB2BelectronicmessagescouldbeprocessedovertheInternetatverylowcost.Then,EDIcouldbemadeavailabletobusinessesofallsizes.,Internet-basedEDI,ElectronicDataInterchange(EDI),WhatisEDI?WhatisthemostpronouncedbenefitofEDI?WhatobstacleswillcompaniesneedtoovercomebeforeInternet-basedEDIcanspread?Illustratehowcanalargemanufacturerfacilitatetheelectronicexchangeofinformationwithsuppliers?,QuestionsforDiscussion,ElectronicDataInterchange(EDI),B2BE-CommercereferstothetransactionsbetweenbusinessesconductedelectronicallyovertheInternet,extranets,intranets,orprivatenetworks.ThebasictypesofB2Btransactionsandactivitiesincludesell-side,buy-side,exchanges,supplychainimprovementsandcollaborativecommerce.,B2BE-Commerce,AdditionalInfo,Oneimportantobstacleisthehightechnologicaldemandsthatcompaniesfaceintransferringdatatoelectronicnetworksfromcomputers.Evenforcompaniesthatpossesssuchexpertise,theconversiontoafullyelectronicsystemisrelativelyexpensiveunlesslargevolumesoftransactionscanbeprocessedtooffsetthehighinitialfixedcosts.,B2BE-Commerce,ObstaclestotheSpreadofB2BE-Commerce,Forindividualcompanies,thebenefitsofcomputerizingthedataexchangesalongthesupplychainwillfullyemergeonlywhenthemajorityofretailersandsuppliersbeginacceptingelectronictransmittalfromexternalsources.WiththeuseoftheInternetexploding,theabilityofcompaniestoconductbusinesselectronicallycouldgrowsignificantlyintheyearsahead.,B2BE-Commerce,ObstaclestotheSpreadofB2BE-Commerce,IftheInternetleadstothespreadofB2BE-Commerce,companieswillrealizecostsavingsatmanypointsinthemanufacturinganddistributionprocess.Intheorderingprocess,cyclesthattookweeksinpaper-basedsystemscanbereducedtojustafewdaysandthisshortturnaroundtimehasthepotentialtoimprovetheefficiencyofthepurchasingandprocurementprocess.,B2BE-Commerce,TheEffectofB2BE-Commerce,Byspeedinguptheflowofinformationamongsuppliers,manufacturersandretailersandbyincreasingtheefficiencyofsupply-chainmanagement,electronicdatainterchangecouldhelpcompaniesproducegoodsmoreefficiently.,B2BE-Commerce,TheEffectofB2BE-Commerce,WhyhaventsmallerbusinessesusedEDInetworksextensively?HowcantheB2Belectroniccommercerealizecostsavingsinthemanufacturinganddistributionprocess?,QuestionsforDiscussion,B2BE-Commerce,B2CE-Commercereferstobusinessbetweencompaniesandconsumersonlineshopping，includingcustomersgatheringinformation;purchasingphysicalgoodssuchasbooksandclothes;andreceivingproductsoveranelectronicnetwork.,B2CE-CommerceOnlineShopping,AdditionalInfo,Peoplecanshoponlineforavarietyofproductsincludingsoftware,clothing,andbooks.,B2CE-CommerceOnlineShopping,E-Commerceismorethanshoppingonline.E-Commerceaffectsthreeareasofactivities:directselling,integratingthesupplychainandprocurement.SmallcompaniesespeciallycanbenefitfromthereachandflexibilityE-Commercebringstobusiness,enablingthemtocompeteeffectivelywithlargerplayers.,B2CE-CommerceOnlineShopping,InternetShoppingIsOnlytheTipoftheIceberg,Internetpopulationisverylarge.Nowadays,moreandmorepeoplehaveaccesstotheInternet.Therearenogeographicboundaries.ThroughInternet,amanufacturerordealerinGrimsbycanselltobuyersinMississippi,SardiniaandSingaporewithoutopeningbranchoffices.,B2CE-CommerceOnlineShopping,WhyInvestinE-Commerce?,Entryandoverheadcostsarerelativelylow.ItscheapertolaunchafunctionalE-Commercesitethantoopenanewsalesofficeorretailstore.Effectivecashflowmanagementisthekeytobusinesssuccess.WithE-Commercesolutions,youcanspeeduppaymentsfromcustomersbytakingcreditcardordersovertheInternet.,B2CE-CommerceOnlineShopping,WhyInvestinE-Commerce?,Knowyourmerchantandfindthecompanysphysicallocation.Findoutrefundandreturnpolicy.ProtectyourInternetpasswords.Protectyourprivacy.Onlyprovideyourcreditcardorsocialsecurityinformationon-lineinasecureenvironment.Keepaccuraterecords.Knowyourconsumerrights.,B2CE-CommerceOnlineShopping,AdditionalInfo,TipsforSafeOnlineShopping,Haveyouboughtanythingonline?Whatdoyouthinkaretheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofshoppingonline?WhatdoyouthinkaboutthefutureofshoppingontheInternet?WhyistheInternetshoppingonlythetipoftheicebergaccordingtotheabovesection?,QuestionsforDiscussion,B2CE-CommerceOnlineShopping,E-Learningisthetrainingthattakesplacethroughanetwork,usuallyovertheInternetoracompanyintranet.,E-Learning,E-Learningappearedintheearly1980sandusedCD-ROMstoteachmostlytechnicalskillstotechnicalpeople.Lately,E-Learninghasevolvedintoatoolwidelyusedinboththecorporate&academicworlds.E-learningallowspeopletotakeonlineclassesofferedbyuniversitiesinavarietyofsubjects.StanfordandHarvardoffernon-degreecoursesovertheWebandsomeotheruniversitiesofferentiredegreeprogramsonline.,E-Learning,SynchronousE-Learningimitatesaclassroomcontext,whichmeansclassestakeplaceinreal-timeandconnectinstructorsandstudentsviastreamingaudioorthroughachatroom.AsynchronousE-Learningpermitsastudenttoaccessprepackagedtrainingonhisorherowntime,workingathisorherownpaceandcommunicatingwiththeinstructororotherstudentsthroughe-mails.,E-Learning,AdditionalInfo,E-Learningfallsintotwocategories,TheadvantagesofE-Learningistimeandmoney.ThechallengesofE-Learningislackofteambuildingandsociabilitybecauseofitsphysicalisolationofstudents.,E-Learning,WhatisE-Learning?Howdoesitwork?WhataretheadvantagesofE-Learning?WhatarethechallengesofE-Learning?Haveyouevertakenonlineclassesinsomesubjects?Ifso,shareyourexperienceswithyourclassmates.,QuestionsforDiscussion,E-Learning,TheInternettrulyflattenstheworldafactthatbringsopportunitiestomarketerswithinternationalcomponentstotheirbus