九年级新目标英语：Unit-3-语法：宾语从句-课件

Unit3Couldyoupleasetellmewheretherestroomsare？,人教版九年级英语,Ms.Ding,Grammar,Grammar,一、宾语从句的概念：在复合句子中由一个句子充当宾语时，这个句子叫做宾语从句。WeknowthegirlcalledCandy.WeknowthegirliscalledCandy.（主句）（宾语从句）Iwonderedifhehadgottonsofattentionthen.CouldyoupleasetellmewhereIcangetthepostcards?,宾语从句Objectclauses,（简单句）,（复合句）,二、宾语从句三要素,引导词（连接词）语序-陈述句时态,主句若为现在时，从句时态随句意；主句若为过去时，从句时态变过去；宾从若是表真理，时态不变无质疑。,时态口诀,同时要掌握：宾语从句中人称的变化记住“一随主，二随宾，第三人称不用变”的原则。a,Ihavealreadyfinishedit.Hesaid.Hesaidthathehadalreadyfinishedit.(I随he)b,Whatareyouthinkingabout?Heaskedme.HeaskedmewhatIwasthinkingabout.(you随me)c,IshetalkingKate?Doyuoknow?DoyuoknowifheistalkingtoKate?(he不变）,考点1,考点2：连词that不能省略的几种情况,1.从句的主语是that。如：Hesaysthatthatisarealkingshat.,2.that从句中含有主从复合句。如：Imafraidthatifyouvelostit,youmustpayforit.3.主、从句之间有插入语时。如：Itsayshere,onthiscard,thatitwasusedinplays.,4.若出现两个或两上以上的由that引导的宾语从句，且由并列连词连接时，只有第一个连词that可以省略。如：Shesaid(that)shewouldcomeandthatshewouldalsobringherson.,考点3，宾语从是由what引导的陈述句eg.Itakeback_Isaid.(A.thatB.what)Imsure_yousaidistrue.Imsure_thewordyousaidistrue.,B,what,that,2.宾语从句与ornot直接连用时，应用whether不能用if。如：Idontknowwhetherornothewillcomesoon.HisfatherwantedtoknowwhetherJhonhadpassedtheexamornot.,考点4if和whether的区别1.宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，应用whether，不用if。Whetherthisistrueornot,Icantsay.,）.当if和whether引导宾语从句时，意为“是否”常用动词wanttoknow,wander,ask，dontknow等或主是问句或祈使句。二者可互换，语序为陈述句语序。如：Millieaskedif/whetherhelikedthissweater.,3.与动词不定式连用时，只能用whether。如：Shecantdecideif/whethershewillgotoAmreca.(改为简单句）ShecantdecidewhethertogotoAmerica.4.宾语句作介词宾语时，只能用whether。如：IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeeling.,5.宾语从句的谓语动词是否定形式时，只能用if，不能用whether。如：Tomwantstoknowifshewontcomeheretomorrow.6.if意为“假如，如果”时，可以引导条件状语从句，而whether没有这个用法。如：IdontknowifSimonwillcometomorrow.Ifhecomesheretomorrow,Illcallyou.,whether,III，由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句及语序,1.特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用原句的特殊疑问词；引导词后要用陈述句语序。（考点）,Eg:a.Whereareyoufrom?HeasksAnnie.(改成复合句）HeasksAnnie_.b.Howlonghaveyouplayedgames?Janeaskedme.(改成复合句）Janeaskedme_.,wheresheisfrom,howlongIhadplayedgames.,注在宾语从句中特殊疑问词作主语时，则语序不再变化。如a.Pleasetellme.Whowillcometohelpus？(合并为一句)Pleasetellme_.,whowillcometohelpus,b.Whatsthematterwithyou?Couldyoutellme?(合并为一句)Couldyoutellme,2,宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。如：,whatsthematterwithyou?,考点5,1.若主句是一般现在时，从句用任何所需时态。如,Hewantstoknowif/whethertheyhadagoodjourneyhome.(从句是一般过去时态）Shesays(that)shehasneverbeentoMountEmei.（从句是现在完成时）,宾语从句中时态的变化,考点6,从句时态改成相应的过去时态,一般现在时,一般将来时,一般过去时,现在完成时,现在进行时,一般过去时,过去将来时,过去完成时,过去完成时,过去进行时,主句时态是过去时,把下列句子改成复合句1.Didthetrainleave?Shedidntknow.Shedidntknow_2.Dadwantedtoknow.Wherecanweparkthecar?Dadwantedtoknow_.3.ShealsolikesEnglish.Joantoldme.Joantoldme_.4.Hepromissed.Hewontbelateagain.Hepromissed_.,if/whetherthetrainhadleft.,wherewecouldparkthecar,(that)shealsolikedEnglish,(that)hewouldntbelateagain.,1.从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言、警句、谚语等，多用一般现在时。如：,2.从句中有明确表示过去时间的词,则从句依然是一般过去时,注意：,Theteachertoldusthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.Mumtoldmethattheearthturnsroundthesun.Hesaidtimeismoney.,DidyoustudyintheUSAin1990?Hewondered.HewanderedifIstudiedintheUSAin1990.,考点7,考点8：宾语从句的“否定转移”当主句的谓语动词为think,believe等词，且主语为第一人称时，从句中的否定词not应转移到主句谓语动词。如：Ithink.Shecantcome.(合并为一句)Idontthinkshecancome.Ibelieve.Timwontdothat.(合并为一句)IdontbelieveTimwilldothat.,考点9：宾语从句的简化结构由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句通常可以简化成“特殊疑问词不定式”结构，此时复合句也就变成了简单句，但注意：1简单句的疑问词为原宾语从句的引导词；2,宾语从句的主语应与主句的主语或间接宾语一致。IdontknowwhatIshoulddonext.(改为简单句)Idontknow_.Hetoldushowweshoulddoit.(改为简单句)Hetoldus_.,whattodonext,howtodoit,考点10：含有宾语从句的复合句的反意疑问句1当主句的动词是“think(know,believe,suppose,consider,hope)that从句”或者是“besure/afraidthat;而且主语是第一人称I和we;Itseemsthat”时，附加疑问部分的主语应和从句一致，但需注意否定前移的情况。Idontthinkheisright,_？Imsurethatyouknowhimwell,_？,ishe,dontyou,2如果主语是其他人称，附加疑问部分的主语和主句一致。如：Yourfatherbelievedyoucouldsucceed,_？KatedoesntknowifJimisagoodsinger,_？,didnthe,doesshe,THANKS,学习宾从三注意，时态语序和连词。时态主从要呼应：主句若为现在时，从句时态随句意；主句若为过去时，从句时态变过去；宾从若是表真理，时态不变无质疑。语序要用陈述序，切莫照搬疑问句。That连接陈述句，省与不省要注意。从句若表“是否”时，if/whether要慎记。特殊问句作宾语，仍用原来疑问词。三个问题需牢记，切莫丢东忘了西。,宾语从句歌,1.Ihear(that)_.我听说他不会来参加派对的。2.Dadsaid(that)_.爸爸说他非常想念我们。3.Theteachertoldus(that)_.老师告诉我们父母们也会被邀请到音乐回来。,hewontcometotheparty,hemissedusverymuch,parentswouldbeinvitedtotheconcert,too,Shesays(that)sheworksfromMondaytoFriday.她说她从周一至周五上班。Shesays(that)shewillleaveamessageonhisdesk.她说她要在他桌子上留个便条Shesays(that)shehasneverbeentoMountEmei.她说她从来没有去过峨嵋山Itsaysthatpotatochipswereinventedbymistake.据说炸薯片是由错误而发明的。,DoesMr.ZhaoliveinRoom8?Couldyoutellme?Could