高考英语总复习 Unit 5 First aid课件 新人教版必修5.ppt

unit5firstaid,【素材示例】随着经济的发展与社会的进步，私家车越来越多，但同时也带来很多社会问题，像道路阻塞、能源消耗、空气污染、交通事故频繁等。请对这一话题谈谈自己的观点看法。审题构思：篇章结构：内容要点：拟关键词：构建句式：,【佳作播报】shouldthenumberofprivatecarsberestricted?byphoebeitistruethataprivatecarcanmakeourlifemucheasier.wecantravelfastandenjoythefreedomandcomfortitbringsus.butasmoreandmorepeoplebegintoowntheirprivatecars，seriousproblemsarecaused.so，inmyopinion，thegovernmentmusttakemeasurestorestrictthenumberofprivatecars.,first，toomanyprivatecarswillmaketheexistingseriousairpollutionevenworse，especiallyinbigcities.thewastegasemittedfromcarsispoisonousandharmfultopeopleshealth.second，withthenumberofprivatecarseverincreasing，alargepartoftherevenue(税收)willbeusedtobuildmoreroadsandparkinglotsandhugeareasoflandwillbeoccupied.peoplewilllosethebeautifulnaturalscenerytoaccommodatetheprivatecars.third，privatecarsincreasethetrafficaccidents.someoftheprivatecarsownersarenotskillfuldrivers.statisticshaveshownthataccidentscausedbyprivatecarshaveincreasedrapidly.,fortunately，peoplebegintorealizeweshouldstopencouragingthetrendofowningaprivatecar.inmanycities，therearealreadyregulationslimitingthenumberofprivatecars.sincechinaissuchapopulouscountry，itishardtoimagineeverychinesehavingaprivatecar，forweonlyhaveoneearth.,【赏文酌句】本文作者用了三段文字阐述了私人汽车带来的问题及解决方式。衔接词汇“so”和“fortunately”的使用使得句与句之间、段与段之间过渡自然，逻辑严谨，作者行文中使用了serious，emit，occupy，accommodate，trend等高级词汇，及各种高级句式结构。,【佳句模拟】1takemeasures采取措施模拟inmyopinion，weshouldtakesomemeasurestoprotectoursurroundings.我认为，我们应该采取一些措施来保护我们的环境。2imaginesbdoingsth想象某人做某事模拟canyouimaginethesefatmenclimbingthemountain？你能想象这些胖子爬山的情景吗？,佳句背诵iwishtherewereabetterwordthan“thanks”toexpressmyappreciationforyourgeneroushelp.其实，对你的慷慨帮助岂是用“谢谢”二字可以表达的。itwaskindandgenerousofyoutodothisforme,andiappreciateitmorethanicansay.你对我如此慷慨，我真是感激不尽。,thankyoufromthebottomofmyheart.我打从心底谢谢你(真诚地感谢你)。heexpressedhisheartfeltthankstous.他向我们表示诚挚的谢意。wordsescapedmewheniwastoexpressthanks.言语无法表达我的感激之情。sciencehasbroughtaboutmanychangesinourlives.科学给我们的生活带来许多变化。largeareasofforestsarebeingdestroyed,causingmanychangesinweather.大片大片的森林正在被毁掉，引起气候方面的很多变化。,(教材原句)johnusedthesetotreatthemostsevereinjuriestomssladeshands.约翰用这些东西处理斯莱德女士手上最严重的伤口。,重点突破,treatvt.&vi.治疗；对待；款待n.款待；招待,联想拓展treat.as.把当作对待treatsbto.请某人吃(喝、玩、坐、看)beonestreat某人请客/itsmytreat.我请客。treatmentn治疗，疗程；疗法；处理；对待,allvisitorstothisvillage_withkindness.(2011四川，9)atreatbaretreatedcaretreatingdhadbeentreated完成句子咱出去吃饭吧，我请客。letsgoouttolunch_.她把我说的所有的话都当成笑话。she_everythingisay_ajoke.答案bmytreattreats；as,(教材原句)heslowedthebleedingbyapplyingpressuretothewoundsuntilthepoliceandambulancearrived.他使劲地按住伤口，使血流得慢些，直到警察和救护车的到来。,applyvt.涂、敷；搽；应用；运用vi.申请；请求；使用；有关,联想拓展apply(to.)for(向)申请applyto.适用于apply.to.把运用于applyoneselfto.专心于appliedadj.使用的，应用的applicationn申请applicantn申请人,tomakesurethatrelicsinthemuseumarewellpreserved，tibetsculturalpreservationinstitutionshave_moderntechnologiestomonitortheconditionsoftherelics.aadaptedbappliedcappointeddabolished完成句子你应该立即申请，亲自去也好，写信也好。you_，inpersonorbyletter.,她向当地报社申请职务。she_withthelocalnewspaper.答案bshouldapplyimmediatelyappliedforajob,(教材原句)holdthebandageinplacewithtape.用胶布把绷带固定。,精解诠释,inplace在适当的位置；适当,联想拓展inonesplace在某人的位置上outofplace不合适；不在适当的位置上takeplace发生inplaceof代替taketheplaceof代替takeonesplace代替；就位；就职giveplaceto让位给,idontthinkyourproposalisquite_，andisuggestyougivemeanewpiecetomorrow.(2013河南8校联考)ainplaceboutofplacecinitsplacedtaketheplace完成句子她喜欢东西都摆好再开始工作。shelikeseverythingtobe_beforeshestartswork.,音乐会的座椅几乎都准备妥当了。thechairsfortheconcert_.答案ainplacewerenearlyallinplace,(教材原句)itshowsthataknowledgeoffirstaidcanmakearealdifference.这说明了急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。,makeadifference区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用,联想拓展makeno/some/any/notmuch/agreatdealofdifference没有/一些/任何/不太大的/很大的作用/关系/影响makeadifferencebetween区别对待makeallthedifference关系重大；大不相同tellthedifference分辨；区分；区别,doyouthinktherainwillaffecttheresultofthefootballgame?well，theplayersareusedtosuchrainyweather，soitshouldntmakeany_.adifficultybdifferencectroubledgood完成句子这场雨(对比赛)没多大影响。theraindidnt_(tothegame),你今天去也好，明天去也好，关系不大。_whetheryougotodayortomorrow.答案bmakemuchdifferenceitwontmakemuchdifference,unlessif.not引导条件状语从句，意为：如果不。ifnecessary为省略结构“如果有必要的话”(教材原句)removeclothingusingscissorsifnecessaryunlessitisstucktotheburn.如果衣服没有紧贴在伤口上，就把衣服脱掉，必要时用剪刀。,句型精析,联想拓展(1)unless是连词，意为“除非，如果不”，引导的是一个肯定条件状语从句，从句有时可以与if.not.引导的否定状语从句互换。(2)ifany如果有的话(3)ifpossible如果可能的话(4)ifso如果是这样的话(5)ifnot如果没有。,thelittleboywontgotosleep_hismothertellshimastory.aorbunlesscbutdwhether完成句子如果可能的话，尽可能经常地讲英语。_，trytospeakenglishasoftenasyoucan.除非下雨或天很冷，我们将在本周日去公园野餐。wewillhaveapicnicintheparkthissunday_or_.,如果不出意外，我明天去看你。_，illseeyoutomorrow.答案bifpossibleunlessitrains；coldunlesssomethingunexpectedhappens,thereisnodoubtthat.毫无疑问(教材原句)thereisnodoubtthatjohnsquickthinkingandthefirstaidskillshelearnedatschoolsavedmssladeslife.毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校所学的急救技术使得斯莱德女士得救了。,【考点警示】注意doubt无论是用作名词还是动词，在表示肯定的意思时，从句的引导词用whether，表示否定的意思时引导词用that。,联想拓展thereisnodoubtabout.毫无疑问thereissomedoubtwhether.不大确定是否ihavenodoubtabout/that.我确信idoubtwhether/if.我怀疑是否idontdoubtthat.我不怀疑beyond/without(a)doubt无疑地indoubt可怀疑的,thereislittledoubtinyourmindthatheisinnocent，_？(2012江苏，25)aistherebisnttherecishedisnthe完成句子itsotherconcernsarelove，gettingonwithothers，beingpersistentandcourageousand_，_(设法处理疑义、烦恼和忧虑)(2012江西阅读理解b),毫无疑问总有一天能找到治疗办法。_onedayacurewillbefound.你可以解释，但是我怀疑这有没有意义。youcancomplain，but_.答案atryingtodealwithdoubts；troublesandworriesthereisnodoubtthatidoubtifitllmakeanydifference,【考点警示】1在以if，when，though，asif(好像)，unless等连词引导的从句中，如果谓语含有动词be，主语又和主句的主语一致，或从句主语是it，从句主语和谓语动词be就常常省略。2在口语中，为了避免重复，不定式可以省去和句子前部重复的动词原形而只留下不定式符号to。,【过关强练】.补足下列句子中省略的内容1他花了四个小时复习功课。()hespentfourhoursgoingoverhislesson.2你准备好了吗？areyouready？()我准备好了。yes，iam.3让我们洗碗吧，我来洗，你来擦干。()letsdothedishes.illwashandyoulldry.,4他没有受伤。真奇怪！()hewasnothurt.strange!5骑车时，不要忘记看红绿灯。()whilecycling，dontforgetthetrafficlights.答案1.going前省略了介词in2.am后面省略了ready3.wash和dry后面省略了宾语dishes4.strange前面省略了状语how，strange省略了itis5.while后省略了youare,.单项填空1weallknowthat，_，thesituationwillgetworse.anotifdealtcarefullywithbifnotcarefullydealtwithcifdealtnotcarefullywithdnotifcarefullydealtwith2helenhasbeenworkingatalocallanguageschoolfor3years._sheissofamiliarwiththecity.anotdoubtbnowondercnowthatdasaresult,3whatdoyouthinkmadethegirlsohappy?_abeautifulnecklace.aasshereceivedbreceivingcreceiveddbecauseofreceiving4itisratherdifficulttomakefriendswithhim，buthisfriendship，_，ismoretruethananyothers.aoncegainedbwhentogaincaftergainingdwhilegaining,5though_toseeus，theprofessorgaveusawarmwelcome.asurprisingbwassurprisedcsurpriseddbeingsurprised6haveyoupassedtheentranceexamination?no，i_，butifailed.adidntpassbtriedtoctrieddhadtried,7theylandedsafelyontheislandinthepacific.everythingwentonbetterthan_.aexpectedbexpectingcexpectationdtoexpect8theexperimentshowsthatproperamountsofexercise，if_regularly，canimproveourhealth.abeingcarriedoutbcarryingoutccarriedoutdtocarryout答案1.b2.b3.b4.a5.c6.b7.a8.c,见word版双基达标,.细节理解题解题技巧(一)命题探究所谓细节理解题，是指原文提到了某事物、现象或理论，题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。一般包括直接理解题(在原文中可直接找到答案，常用who，what，when，where，why和how等提问)、语意转化题(需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语意上的转换，两者存在表达上的差异，有时需要进行加工或整理后方能得出结论)、数字计算题、排列顺序题、图表图画题等。,近5年高考中，细节理解题的考查占25%以上，难度逐渐增加，表现在：(1)答案跨段落搜集；(2)题目信息与原文信息表达方式不一致；(3)需将几个信息综合总结才能得出答案。,(二)技巧点拨1养成快速辨认和记忆事实细节的能力。2阅读过程中集中注意力于who，which，where，what等事实细节的关键词。3多方归纳，综合判断。细节理解题有时考查的不是单一的信息，而是多处信息的整合，因此，一定要全面捕捉相关信息，进行综合分析、归纳，不可草率地做出选择。,4细节理解题干扰项特点：偷换概念张冠李戴无中生有题不对文外延与内涵扩大或缩小等。5养成带着问题阅读的习惯。扫描信息点，不相关的句子甚至段落很快掠过，读懂大意，细致地对照原文和选项提供的信息。,6对于数字计算，逻辑顺序，图形识别类题目，首先弄清楚命题人的意图，是什么样的计算，如年代的直接加减，还是推理得出，注意上下文所提供的数字、逻辑顺序，要理清作者的写作顺序，如时间顺序、事物发展等。图表识别题细节内容往往内含于图表中。可以采用按图寻找答案的方法。,典题示例(2012全国阅读理解a)coldweathercanbehardonpets，justlikeitcanbehardonpeople.sometimesownersforgetthattheirpetsarejustasusedtothewarmshelter(住所)astheyare.someownerswillleavetheiranimalsoutsideforalongperiodoftime，thinkingthatallanimalsareusedtolivingoutdoors.thiscanputtheirpetsindangerofseriousillness.therearethingsyoucandotokeepyouranimalwarmandsafe.,keepyourpetsinsideasmuchasyoucanwhentheweatherisbad.ifyouhavetotakethemout，stayoutsidewiththem.whenyourecoldenoughtogoinside，theyprobablyaretoo.ifyoumustleavethemoutsideforalongtime，makesuretheyhaveawarm，solidshelteragainstthewind，thickbedding，andplentyofnonfrozenwater.,ifleftaloneoutside，dogsandcatscanbeverysmartintheirsearchforwarmshelter.theycandigintosnowbanksorhidesomewhere.watchthemcloselywhentheyareleftoutdoors，andprovidethemwithshelterofgoodquality.keepaneyeonyourpetswater.sometimesownersdontrealizethatawaterbowlhasfrozenandtheirpetcantgetanythingtodrink.animalsthatdonthavecleanandunfrozenwatermaydrinkdirtywateroutside，whichmaycontainsomethingunhealthyforthem.,41whatdowelearnaboutpetsfromparagraph1?atheyareoftenforgottenbytheirowners.btheyareusedtolivingoutdoors.ctheybuildtheirownshelters.dtheyliketostayinwarmplaces.42whyarepetownersaskedtostaywiththeirpetswhentheyareoutincoldweather?atoknowwhentobringtheminside.btokeepthemfromeatingbadfood.ctohelpthemfindshelters.dtokeepthemcompany.,43ifpetsareleftontheirownoutdoorsincoldweather，theymay_.arunshortofcleanwaterbdigdeepholesforfuncdirtythesnownearbydgetlostinthewild44whatisthepurposeofthistext?atosolveaproblem.btogivepracticaladvice.ctotellaninterestingstory.dtopresentaresearchresult.,答案41.d42.a43.a44.b,方法指导全文从人们对宠物抵抗寒冷天气问题上所存在的错误做法进行描述，说明动物与环境的关系。第41、42、43题皆为细节理解题。1直接信息查找直接信息题能直接从原文中找到信息，而且选项和原文在语言表述上也没有大的变化，有时候仅仅在表达方式上稍作转化。如第41题：,根据第一段“sometimesownersforgetthattheirpetsarejustasusedtothewarmshelter(住所)astheyare.(有时宠物的主人忘记了他们的宠物和他们一样习惯了温暖的住所。)”可知答案为d项。2间接信息推理间接信息题能够在文章中找到信息，但原文信息又不是做题所直接需要的。这时需要考生对原文信息进行合理的加工处理，并在此基础上进行简单的推理或鉴别。它是介于细节理解题和推理判断题之间的一种题型。如第42题：,根据第二段“whenyourecoldenoughtogoinside，theyprobablyaretoo.”可知作者建议在寒冷的天气里宠物主人需和宠物待在一起的原因是让宠物的主人明白什么时候该把宠物领进屋，故选项a正确。3综合信息分析这类题目往往涉及文章的几句话或几个段落，因此要求考生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义，也不能张冠李戴。如第43题：根据文