人教版新目标九年级英语unit5-What-are-the-shirts-made-of？-SectionA-Grammar-focus

,Unit5Whataretheshirtsmadeof?GrammarFocus-被动语态,语态：表示主语和谓语动词之间的关系。英语有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。,主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者。ManystudentsstudyEnglish.(主动语态)Englishisstudiedbymanystudents.(被动语态),什么时候可以使用被动语态呢？一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。例如：Suchbooksarewrittenforchildren.Footballisplayedallovertheworld二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的执行者时。例如：Mybikewasstolen我的自行车被盗了。,三、汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等时。例如：ItissaidthatonedayheclimbedtothetopofahouseandItwasreportedthathermotherdiedofaseriousdesease.众所周知Itiswellknownthat据推测说Itissupposedthat,四、汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。例如：TinaisaskedtocomebyPaulTina是被Paul叫来的。五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如：HewasborninOctober，1989,Theflowers,everyday.,arewatered,byher,Shewaterstheflowerseveryday.主谓宾,bysb.,主语,beV.pp,照抄,be+done,被动语态的基本结构:,有各种时态的变化,考点一:,am,is,arewas,werewillbe/is（are）goingtobecan/may/could/must/mightbehave/hasbeen,bymanystudents.,1.ManystudentsstudyEnglish.,English,isstudied,2.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.,Shoes,aremade,bythem,inthatfactory.,一）一般现在时的被动语态结构：,is/are+过去分词,1.TheyplayfootballonSunday.2.Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.3.Theyoftenusecomputersinclass.4.WemakethesemachinesinBeijing.,FootballisplayedbythemonSunday.,ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening.,Computersareoftenusedbytheminclass.,ThesemachinesaremadebyusinBeijing.,1.Theyboughtacomputerlastterm,bythemlastterm.,2.一般过去时的被动语态结构：,was/were+过去分词,lastyear.,2.Weplantedmanytreeslastyear.,Manytrees,wereplanted,Acomputer,wasbought,1.Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.2.Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday.3.Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow.4.Theyusedtheroomsforresting.,Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear.,Hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday.,Ourclassroomwascleanedbyusjustnow.,Theroomswereusedforrestingbythem.,3.一般将来时态的被动语态,begoingtobe/willbe+过去分词,1.Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.,bythemintendays.,Thework,willbefinished,2.Tomisgoingtocleantheroomtomorrow.,Theroom,isgoingtobecleaned,byTomtomorrow.,1.Wewillheldasportsmeetingnextweek.2.Childrenwilltakesomephotosintheschoolyardtomorrow.3.Theheadmasterisgoingtogiveatalkthisafternoon.,Asportsmeetingwillbeheldbyusnextweek.,Somephotoswillbetakenbychildrenintheschooltomorrow.,Atalkisgoingtobegivenbytheheadmasterthisafternoon.,4.含有情态动词的被动语态结构：,can/may/must/should+be+过去分词,1.AmycantakegoodcareofGina,byAmy.,Gina,canbetakengoodcareof,2.Youshoulddrinkmorewater.,Morewater,shouldbedrunk,byyou.,1.Hecantakecareofthebaby.2.Lucymaydrawthepictures.3.Youmustturnoffthelights.4.TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell.,Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim.,ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy.,Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou.,Englishshouldbelearnedwellbythem.,6.现在完成时的被动语态的结构,have/hasbeen过去分词,1.Wehavefoundakey,byus.,Akey,hasbeenfound,2.Hehasfinishedthecompositions.,Thecompositions,havebeenfinished,byus.,一般现在时：一般过去时：一般将来时：情态动词:,am/is/are+done,情态动词+be+done,will+be+done,was/were+done,以下时态的被动语态构成,Summary,现在完成时：,has/have+been+done,Task4,考点二:,被动语态中的特殊情况:,1.IsawhimplaybasketballlastSunday.,He,wasseen,toplaybasketballlastSunday.,2.Thebossmakeshimworkfor10hours.,He,ismade,toworkfor10hours.,1.在主动语态中省去to,在变为被动语态时应加上to.即hear,watch,see,make等,这些词在变被动句时必须加to.makesbdosth-sbbemadetodosth.seesbdosthsbbeseentodosth.,Theytakegoodcareofmychild.Iturnedofftheradio.,2.含有短语的主动语态变被动语态,注意短语要完整，不能掉了介词,-Mychildistakengoodcareof.,-Theradiowasturnedoff(byme).,3）look.smell.sound.feel.taste等作连系动词用时，主动形式表被动意义。,Cottonfeelssoft.,Theoldwomanlooksworried.,4)write（很好写）sell（卖得好）open（商店开门）last(持续很久）等常用主动表被动。,Thispenwriteswell.,Thisbooksellswell.Theshopwillopenateightoclock.Themoviewilllastfortwohours.,5)动词need,require，allow等接动名词doing作宾语构成主动结构表被动含义,他的鞋需要修理。Heneededtomendhisshoes.Hisshoesneededtobemended.Hisshoesneededmending.,need,allow可以用-ing形式表示被动needtobedone=needdoingbeallowedtodo=allowdoing,6)不及物动词没有被动语态，如：happen（发生）,takeplace（发生）,begin（开始）,become（成为，变得）disappear（消失）,comeout（出版）.Ancaraccidenthappenedinfrontofaschoolthismorning.Whatishappeningthere?Hisbookcameoutlastyear.Thebookcost100yuan.,4aCompletethesentenceswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.,Childrenunder18_(notallow)towatchthisshowwithouttheirparents.2.We_(pay)bythebossonthelastFridayofeachmonth.3.A:Whatlanguage_(speak)inGermany?B:MostpeoplespeakGerman,butmanycanspeakEnglish,too.4.Mostoftheearthssurface_(cover)bywater.5.Theclassroom_(clean)bythestudentseveryday.,arenotallowed,arepaid,isspoken,iscovered,iscleaned,4bRewritethesentencesusingthepassivevoice.,Farmersplanttheteaonthesidesofmountains.Theteaisplantedonthesidesofmountainsbyfarmers.2.Thisshopusesthebestmaterialstomakedresses._3.Carelessdrivingcausesmanytrafficaccidents._,Thebestmaterialsareusedtomakedressesbythisshop.,Manytrafficaccidentsarecausedbycarelessdriving.,4.Thepostmanbringslettersandpostcardstopeopleshomes._5.Ourfamilydoesnotusethissilverplateveryoften._,Lettersandpostcardsarebroughttopeopleshomebythepostman.,Thissilverplateisnotusedveryoftenbyourfamily.,4cAskfiveclassmatesaboutsomethingtheyarewearingorhaveintheirschoolbags.Thelistofwordsbelowmayhelpyou.,pencil,jacket,sweater,T-shirt,shoes,cap,gloves,ring.,A:Whatsyourpencilmadeof?B:Itsmadeofwood.A:Wherewasitmade?B:ItwasmadeinShanghai.,1.NowEnglish_bymoreandmorepeopleallovertheword.A.speaksB.isspokenC.wasspoken,一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+done,2.Thelostboy_atthestreetcornerlastnight.A.wasfoundB.isfoundC.waslookedfor,一般过去时的被动语态：was/were+done,3.Moreman-madesatellites_inthefuture.A.willsendupB.willbesentupC.aresentup,一般将来时的被动语态：will+be+donebegoingto+be+done,4.Threebridges_sincelastyear.A.havebuiltB.werebuiltC.havebeenbuilt,现在完成时的被动语态：have/has+been+done,5.Flowers_everyday.A.hasbeenwateredB.shouldbewateredC.shouldwater,含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+done,考点二:,被动语态中的特殊情况:,6.Goodmedicine_bittertothemouth.A.tastesB.istastedC.tasteT