灵通高职英语book-1-unit02A

Unit2GoalsandSuccess,TextASettingGoalsforSuccess,Revision,Translation:1.这间屋子虽然够大，但不舒服。Thishouse,thoughbigenough,isnotcomfortable.2.我喜欢足球，而她喜欢篮球。Ilikefootballwhileshelikesbasketball.3.这位老妇人走路越来越困难了。Itisbecomingmoreandmoredifficultfortheoldladytowalk.Makesentenceswiththefollowingphrases:petewith7.beskilledat,VocabularyStudy,automatica.自动的basica.基本的，基础的suitablea.合适的，适宜的fitv.适合，使合身，使适应a.合适的,恰当的,健康的reasonablea.1.合理的，正当的2.公道的，公平的3.讲道理的boredomn.1.无聊，乏味2.令人厌倦的事failuren.1.失败2.失败的人(或事)3.没做到，不履行challenginga.挑战性的discouraginga.令人泄气的，使人沮丧的Frencha.法国的，法国人的，法语的philosophern.哲学家writern.作者，作家wisdomn.1.智慧，明智2.学问,Reading,VocabularyStudy,falsea.1.错误的，不真实的2.人造的，假的expectationn.期待，预料disappointeda.失望的overnightad.一夜之间，突然地expressionn.1.词句，措辞2.表达，表示accomplishv.完成，实现motivationn.动力，诱因，刺激figurev.认为，认定n.1.数字2.外形，轮廓3.人物effectivea.有效的,生效的casen.1.情况2.案例3.病例temporarya.暂时的，临时的quitv.1.停止，放弃2.退出,Reading,PhrasesandExpressions,havesth.incommon（在想法、兴趣等方面）相同setgoals设立目标resultin产生，导致dependupon/on依赖，依靠insight看得见，可见，在望reachthegoal达到目标figureout想出，计算出innotime立即，马上,ProperNamesandNotes,人名WaltDisney沃尔特迪斯尼(19011966),美国娱乐业巨头，美国迪斯尼公司创始人，创作出“米老鼠”、“唐老鸭”、“白雪公主”等经典卡通形象，并在世界各地兴建了一系列动画主题公园“迪斯尼乐园”。人名BillGates比尔盖茨(1955),美国微软公司的创始人、前任董事长和首席执行官，多次被美国著名的财经杂志福布斯评为全球首富。其创建的微软公司是世界上最大的计算机软件制造商。人名AlbertEinstein阿尔伯特爱因斯坦(18791955)，美国物理学家，曾提出著名的“相对论”学说，被誉为“二十世纪世界最伟大的科学家”。1921年诺贝尔物理学奖得主。人名BenjaminFranklin本杰明富兰克林(17061790),18世纪美国最伟大的科学家、著名的政治家和文学家，曾参与起草并签署了独立宣言、美国宪法等重要文件。人名BarondeMontesquieu孟德斯鸠（16891755）法国启蒙思想家、社会学家，西方国家学说和法学理论的奠基人。著有波斯人的信札、罗马盛衰原因论、论法的精神等。Rome地名罗马，意大利的首都。,BackgroundInformation,1.RonaldReagantheoldestU.S.presidentandwasknownas“TheGreatCommunicator”2.AbrahamLincolnagreatmanwhofreedtheslavesandguidedthecountrythroughthecivilwar;thefirstU.S.presidenttobeassassinated3.MartinLutherKingJr.famousforhis“Ihaveadream”speech,whichsparkedthecountrysconscienceregardingracerelations4.GeorgeWashingtonthefirstU.S.president,wholedthenationtoindependence5.BenjaminFranklinauthor,diplomat,scientist,philosopher,inventorandprinter,whonotonlysignedtheDeclarationofIndependencebutalsoinventedthelightningrod,TheGreatestAmericanTop25,6.GeorgeW.Bushiron-mindedpresidentwhoischaracterizedbyhisleadershipsincethetragedyof9/11andthesubsequentwaronterror7.BillClintonapopularU.S.presidentwhosetermwasmarredbytheMonicaLewinskyscandal8.ElvisPresleylegendarysingerandhighest-sellingsingleperformerinrecordinghistory9.OprahWinfreypopularTVshowhostandactor10.FranklinD.Roosevelttheonlyfour-termU.S.presidentwhotookthecountryoutoftheGreatDepressionandalsoledthenationduringWorldWarII11.BillyGrahamaneloquentspeakerwhohaspreachedtomorethan210millionpeople12.ThomasJeffersonauthoroftheDeclarationofIndependence13.WaltDisneycartoonistandproducerofanimatedfilms14.AlbertEinsteingeniusandNobelPrizewinnerknownforhisTheoryofRelativity,TheGreatestAmericanTop25,15.ThomasAlvaEdisonindustriousinventorwhodevelopedthefirstelectriclightbulb16.JohnF.Kennedyoneofthemostpopularpresidentsandtheyoungesttodieinoffice17.BobHopelegendarycomicandactor18.BillGateschairmanandchiefsoftwarearchitectofMicrosoft19.EleanorRooseveltFranklinD.Rooseveltsfirstlady,aswellassocialactivistandauthor20.LanceArmstrongsix-timewinneroftheTourdeFranceandcancersurvivor,FunStartSuccessfulPeople,Picture1:BillGatesChairmanoftheMicrosoftCorporationPicture2:LiuXiangtheOlympicgoldmedalistPicture3:ZhangZiyimostpopularfilmstarPicture4:KofiAnnanformerSecretaryGeneraloftheUN,QuestionsForDiscussion:,1.Whatqualitiesshouldasuccessfulpersonhave?2.Whencanyoucallyourselfsuccessful?,1.Doyousetgoalsatthebeginningofeachterm?2.Whatdoyoudotoreachthegoalyouset?3.Canyougiveanexampletoshow“Romewasntbuiltinaday”?,Pre-readingQuestions,SettingGoalsforSuccess,WaltDisney.BillGates.AlbertEinstein.BenjaminFranklin.Whatdothesepeopleallhaveincommon?Theyareexamplesofcommonpeoplewhobecamesuccessful.Successisntautomatic.Successfulpeopleplanforsuccess.Theysetgoalsbyaskingthemselvesthreebasicquestions.,WhatdoWaltDisney,BillGates,etc.allhaveincommon?Theyarecommonpeoplewhobecamesuccessful.2.Whatdotheydotoachievesuccess?Theyplanforsuccessandsetgoals.3.Howdosuccessfulpersonssetgoals?Byaskingthemselvesthreebasicquestions.Mainidea:Successfulpeopleplanforsuccessandtheysetgoals.,Translation,Reading,Thefirstquestiontoaskis,“Whatisasuitablegoalforme?”Noteveryonesabilityisthesame,sothegoalshouldfittheperson.Thegoalshouldalsobereasonable.Thatmeansthatthegoalshouldnotbetooeasy,butalsoshouldnotbetoodifficulttoreach.Aneasygoalmayresultinboredom,butadifficultgoalmayresultinfailure.Thebestgoalsarechallengingbutnotdiscouraging.,SettingGoalsforSuccess,Whyshouldthegoalfitacertainperson?Becausenoteveryonesabilityisthesame.Whatismeantbya“reasonablegoal”?Itshouldnotbetooeasy,butalsoshouldnotbetoodifficulttoreach.Whatisregardedasagoodgoal?Itischallengingbutnotdiscouraging.Mainidea:Thegoalshouldfitthepersonandbereasonable.,Translation,Reading,Thesecondimportantquestionis,“Howlongwillittaketoreachthegoal?”FrenchphilosopherandwriterBarondeMontesquieuoncesaid,“Thesuccessofmostthingsdependsuponknowinghowlongitwilltaketosucceed.”Thereiswisdominthesewords.Somepeoplefailbecauseoftheirfalseexpectations.Theyaredisappointedbecausetheythinktheycanreachtheirgoalsovernight.Astheoldexpressiongoes,“Romewasntbuiltinaday!”Ontheotherhand,apersonwhodoesnotplanwillnothavethejoyofseeingthegoalaccomplished.Ifthereisaplanforwhenthisgoalcanbereached,thepersonwillbeencouragedbecausetheyseetheendinsight.,HowtounderstandMontesquieusremarks?Ifpeopleknowhowlongitwilltakethemtosucceed,theywillsucceed.2.Whydosomepeoplefail?Becauseoftheirfalseexpectationtheythinktheycanreachtheirgoalsovernight.3.Whatisimpliedin“Romewasntbuiltinaday”?Successwillnotbeachievedovernight.4.Whatifapersondoesntplanagoal?Hewillnothavethisjoyofseeingthegoalaccomplished.Mainidea:Successofmostthingsdependsuponknowinghowlongitwilltaketosucceed.Makeaplanforwhenthegoalcanbereached.,SettingGoalsforSuccess,Translation,Reading,Lastly,agoodgoalsetterwilloftenaskhimself,“HowamIdoing?”Itisimportanttoseeprogressbeingmade.Thisisagoodmotivationtokeepgoing.Ifapersonisnotreachingthegoal,heshouldfigureoutwhy.Perhapshisgoalwasnotreasonable.Perhapsthemethodofreachingthegoalwasnoteffective.Whateverthecasemaybe,atemporaryfailuredoesnotmeanthereisnohope.Ifapersondoesntquitandlearnsfromhismistakes,hewillreachhisgoalinnotime!,Whyisitimportanttoseeprogressbeingmade?Becauseitisagoodmotivationtokeepgoing.Whatmightprobablybethereasonsifapersonfailstoreachhisgoal?Perhapshisgoalwasnotreasonableorperhapsthemethodofreachingthegoalwasnoteffective.Whatshouldapersondoifhehastemporaryfailure?Heshouldnotquit.Instead,heshouldlearnfromhismistakes.Mainidea:Itisimportanttoseeyouareismakingprogress.Ifnot,youshouldfigureoutwhy,butshouldnotquit.,SettingGoalsforSuccess,Translation,Reading,LanguagePoints,1.Whatdothesepeopleallhaveincommon?Inwhichaspectdothesepeopleseemtobethesamewitheachother?e.g.Afterafewminuteschatting,wefoundthatwehadalotincommon.Whatdothesetwopictureshaveincommon?Also:havesomethingincommonhavenothingincommonhavealotincommon,Return,LanguagePoints,2.Successisntautomatic.Successdoesntcomebyitself.e.g.Thise-mailboxcangiveautomaticrepliestoeveryletter.Myfatherboughtmymotheranautomaticwashingmachineasherbirthdaygift.,Return,LanguagePoints,3.Successfulpeopleplanforsuccess.Successfulpeoplemakeplanstoachievesuccess.e.g.OurgovernmentprudentlyplansfortheThreeGorgesDamproject.StudentsintheclassroomnextdoorareplanningforaSundaypicnic.,Return,LanguagePoints,4.TheysetgoalsbyaskingTheyfoundtargetsbyaskinggoal:n.1.aime.g.achieveagoal/realizeagoal/obtainagoal/reachagoal2.winapointinasport,gamee.g.getagoal/kickagoal/winagoal,Return,LanguagePoints,5thegoalshouldfittheperson.thegoalshouldbesuitablefortheperson.e.g.Themusicfitsthewordswell.Thedressfitsmeperfectlywellbutthecoloristoobrightformyage.,Return,LanguagePoints,6.Thatmeansthatthegoalshouldnotbetooeasy,butalsoshouldnotbetoodifficulttoreach.Thatmeansthatthegoalshouldneitherbetooeasynortoodifficulttoreach.e.g.Theexercisessetforstudentsofthisclassshouldnotbetoodemanding,butalsoshouldnotbetooeasytodealwith.ThestyleofthisEnglishTVprogramshouldnotbetooserious,butalsoshouldnotbetoocasual.,Return,LanguagePoints,7.Aneasygoalmayresultinboredom,butadifficultgoalmayresultinfailure.Aneasygoalmaymakeyoufeelbored,butadifficultgoalmaycauseyoutofailtoreachit.e.g.Earlypregnancyismorelikelytoresultinunhealthychild.TheSecondWorldWarresultedinmillionsofdeaths.resultfrom:cf.tohappenasaresultofsth.e.g.Thefailureresultedfrompasterrors.,Return,LanguagePoints,8.Howlongwillittaketoreachthegoal?Howmuchtimewillyouspendinreachingthegoal?Ittakessb.(sometime)todosth.:e.g.Ittakeshimthreeyearstofinishthisgreatbook.Howlongdidittakethegirltosolvethisproblem?,Return,LanguagePoints,9.Thesuccessofmostthingsdependsuponknowinghowlongitwilltaketosucceed.Thesuccessofmostthingsisdecidedbyknowinghowlongitwilltaketosucceed.e.g.Peopleshouldnotdependuponreasonalone,nortrustonlytheiremotions.Childreninthisvillagedependupondonationsfromcharities.,Return,LanguagePoints,10.Astheoldexpressiongoes,“Romewasntbuiltinaday!”Astheoldsayingtellsus,“Romewasntbuiltinaday!”e.g.Astheoldexpressiongoes,planyourwork,andworkyourplan.Justasanoldsayinggoes,“AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.”,Return,LanguagePoints,11.Ifthereisaplanforwhenthisgoalcanbereached,Ifthereisaplanaboutthespecifictimewhenthisgoalcanbereached,Return,LanguagePoints,11.thepersonwillbeencouragedbecausetheyseetheendinsight.thepersonwillbeencouragedbecausetheyknowtheresultdefinitelyandclearly.insight:1.insidetheareathatonecanseeWhenwegottothehouse,therewasntasoulinsight.2.likelytohappensoonPeaceinthisareaisnowinsight.cf.outofsight:Hewaveduntilhismotherwasoutofsight.,Return,LanguagePoints,12.Ifapersonisnotreachingthegoal,heshouldfigureoutwhy.Ifapersonisnotreachingthegoal,heshouldfindoutthereasonforit.figureout:tothinkaboutorunderstandsth.e.g.Canyoufigureouthowtodoit?Ittookmehourstofigurethecodeout.,Return,LanguagePoints,13.Whateverthecasemaybe,atemporaryfailuredoesnotmeanthereisnohope.Atallevents/Nomatterwhatthecauseofyourfailureis,atemporaryfailuredoesnotmeanthereisnohope.e.g.Whateverthecasemaybe,hewillbepunishedfornotarrivingthereontime.Whateverthecasemaybe,thegrowthandpopularityoftheelectroniccommunicationsystemaremorelikelytotaketheplaceofletters.cf.whoever(he/shemaybe)whichever(youlike)whenever(itrains)wherever(theygo)however(itis),Return,LanguagePoints,14.Ifapersondoesntquit.Ifapersondoesntgiveupquit:1.tostopdoingsth.e.g.QuititBob,orIlltellDad.Iwishyouallquitcomplaining,andgettoworkimmediately.2.toleaveajoborschoole.g.TheboyquitschoolbecauseofInternetaddiction.Iamtiredofbeingtreatedlikethis.Iquit.,Return,Translation,确立成功的目标沃尔特迪斯尼、比尔盖茨、阿尔伯特爱因斯坦、本杰明富兰克林，这些人有什么共同点呢？他们都是普通人成功的典范。成功不会是天上掉下来的馅饼，成功人士都是有计划地、一步一步走向成功的。为了取得成功，他们会问自己三个基本问题来确立目标。,Return,Translation,第一个问题是“适合我的目标是什么？”每个人的能力不尽相同，因此目标必须量身定做，并且要合理。这就意味着目标既不能太容易也不能太难，目标太容易会导致枯燥乏味，太难了就会导致失败。最好的目标要有挑战性而又不令人气馁。,Return,Translation,第二个重要问题是，“多久能够实现这个目标？”法国哲学家及作家孟德斯鸠曾经说过，“大多数事情的成功取决于我们明白实现成功需要多长时间。”这句话里富含智慧。有些人失败是因为他们对成功有错误的预期，他们失望是因为他们以为一夜之间就能实现目标。正如古话所说，“罗马不是一天建成的。”另一方面，不制定计划的人将不会有亲见目标实现的喜悦。如果我们对何时实现目标有明确的计划，就会感觉倍受鼓舞，因为随时都能够看见即将取得的成功。,Return,Translation,最后，一个善于确立目标的人会经常问自己，“我做得怎么样？”看见自己在不断取得进步是很重要的，这是继续前进的良好动力。如果一个人没能达到目标，他应该弄清楚原因。也许他的目标不合理，也许达到目标的方法不够有效。不管是什么情况，暂时的失败并不意味着就没有希望了。如果一个人不放弃并从失败中汲取教训，那么他将很快实现自己的目标！,Return,FurtherPracticeTranslation,1.共同拥有haveincommon有很多共同之处havealotincommon2.为做计划planfor.规划一个新科技园planforanewsciencepark3.树立目标setgoals实现目标reachagoal,4.导致失败resultinfailure导致死亡resultindeath5.依赖，取决于dependupon依赖经济资助dependuponfinancialsupport6.一夜之间实现目标reachagoalovernight一夜之间成名becomefamousovernight,FurtherPracticeTranslation,7.看见了结尾seetheendinsight什么也看不见thereisnothinginsight8.弄清楚为什么figureoutwhy想想如何做figureouthowtodoit9.合理的目标areasonablegoal合理的要求areasonabledemand,10.从错误中吸取教训learnfrommistakes从书本中吸取知识learnfrombooks11.很快实现了目标reachthegoalinnotime很快就赶上来了catchupinnotime,a.Successdoesntcomebyitself.Successisntautomatic.b.Theyaredisappointedbecausetheythinktheycanrealizetheirdreamsinavery,veryshorttime.Theyaredisappointedbecausetheythinktheycanreachtheirgoalsovernight.c.Youfindthatyouaremakingprogress.That