西方文化导论UnitVIP

U7_main,GetStarted,TextStudy,SupplementaryResources,Unit7,CultureDuringtheEnlightenment,TextStudy_II_2.4,TextStudy,InterpretationofCulturalTerms,InterpretationofCulturalTerms,ImmanuelKant康德(17241804):An18th-centuryGermanphilosopher.HeisregardedasoneofthemostinfluentialthinkersofmodernEuropeandofthelateEnlightenment.,TheEnlightenmentfirststartedin.Inthe17thcentury,Francebecamemorepowerfulineconomicandmilitaryachievementsduetothemeasuresandreformstakenby.Incentury,FrancelostitsinitialdominationattheseatoEngland.TheEnlightenmentwasinfluencedbyBritishanddisseminationof.WiththeworseningsituationofFrancein18thcentury,moreandmorepeople,ledbynewlyemergingstronglydemandedforpoliticalreforms.,TextStudy_I_3.1,TextStudy,ComprehensionExercises,Fillintheblanks.,(1)(2)(3)(4)(5),ComprehensionExercises,France,_,LouisXIV,_,18th,_,empiricism,_,scientificknowledge,_,Bourgeoisie,_,TextStudy_II_3.1,TextStudy,ComprehensionExercises,Trueorfalsequestions.,ComprehensionExercises,(1)Lockerejectstheideaofinnateknowledgeandarguesfortheacquisitionofknowledgefromthesenses.(2)ThelateRenaissancefocusedonthemetaphysicalandrationalistphilosophy,whiletheEnlightenmentwasbasedonepistemologyandempiricism.(3)Lockerejectedthedivisionoflegislativepowerandadministrativepower.(4)Berkeleywasthefatherofaphilosophicalschoolcalledphenomenalism.(5)HumesempiricistphilosophygreatlyinfluencedImmanuelKantscriticalphilosophy.,T,_,T,_,T,_,F,_,T,_,TextStudy_III_3.1,ComprehensionExercises,TextStudy,ComprehensionExercises,Whichofthefollowingphilosophersfirstputforwardtheideaofthedivisionofpower?,DavidHume.B.JohnLocke.C.GeorgeBerkeley.D.Voltaire.,Multiplechoice.,TextStudy_III_3.2,ComprehensionExercise,TextStudy,ComprehensionExercises,(2)TheFrenchDeclarationofHumanRightsandtheAmericanDeclarationofIndependenceowedmuchoftheirsourcesandinspirationto_SpiritofLaws(1748).,A.MontesquieusB.VoltairesC.RousseausD.Diderots,Multiplechoice.,TextStudy_III_3.3,ComprehensionExercise,TextStudy,ComprehensionExercises,(3)Montesquieustheoryofthedivisionofpowerdividesthepoliticalauthorityinto_.,legislative,administrativeandjudicialpowersB.legislative,executiveandjudicialpowersC.legislative,executiveandelectoralpowersD.legislative,executiveandlawenforcementpowers,Multiplechoice.,TextStudy_III_3.4,ComprehensionExercise,TextStudy,ComprehensionExercises,(4)Rousseauisfamousforhisideaof_.,thedivinerightofthekingB.thesocialcontractC.thedivinerightofthehumanbeingsD.empiricism,Multiplechoice.,TextStudy_III_3.5,ComprehensionExercise,TextStudy,ComprehensionExercises,(5)TheEnlightenmentisnotopposedto_.,A.superstitionB.feudalismC.rationalismD.absolutism,Multiplechoice.,TextStudy_IV_3.1,ComprehensionExercises,TextStudy,ComprehensionExercises,MatchthefollowingEnglishwriterswiththeirworks.,(1)HenryFielding(2)JonathanSwift(3)DanielDefoe(4)JohnBunyan(5)JohnMilton,a.ParadiseLostb.RobinsonCrusoec.GulliversTravelsd.PilgrimsProgresse.TomJones,TextStudy_V_3.1,ComprehensionExercises,TextStudy,ComprehensionExercises,Trueorfalsequestions.,(1)TheEnlightenmentischaracterizedbyreason,whichisacriticaltoolallowingmantogetridofprejudiceandchangetheworld,dominatingnaturethroughscience.(2)TheEnlightenmentovercametheprejudiceagainstfemale,andregardedbothgendersasequalinthesociety.(3)Themajoragentsofchangeinthearts,governmentsandeconomywereenlightenedkingsandpriests.(4)TheEnlightenmentlaidanideologicalfoundationfort