the life of samuel johnson 课文讲解ppt课件

Unit8,ThelifeofSamuelJohnson,谭笑詹先桃,whoishe?,Born29October,1740Edinburgh,ScotlandDied19May,1795(aged54)London,EnglandOccupationsLawyer,diarist,authorLanguageEnglishNationalityBritishEthnicityScottishNotableworksthelifeofSamuelJohnson,JamesBoswell,regardedasanimportantstageinthedevelopmentofthemoderngenreofbiography;ClaimedasthegreatestbiographywritteninEnglish.,ABriefIntroductionofSamuelJohnson,oneofEnglandsbestknownliteraryfiguresof18C.,ADictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage,18inches(46cm)tall20inches(51cm)wide42,773entries,towhichonlyafewmorewereaddedinsubsequenteditionssoldfortheextravagantpriceof410s,perhapstheroughequivalentof350today,4pounds10shillings(20shillingsmakepound),Currentlysellingfor$29,500inNewYork,TheLifeofSamuelJohnson,Literaryquotation,UsefulExpressi-ons,Beautifulsentences,summary,outline,contents,Outline,(para.1)(para.24)(para.57)(para.8-9),IntroductionoftherelationshipbetweenJohnsonandLordChesterfield.,Johnsreactiontotheessays:wrotealettertocriticizeLordChesterfield.,DescriptionofLordsrecommendationtoJohnsonsdictionary.,InfluenceofJohnsonsexperienceofbeingpatronizedwhichisreflectedinhisworks.,1,2,3,4,Literaryquotations,1.“Theconqueroroftheconqueroroftheearth”.2.sevenyears3.theshepherdinVirgil,“Theconqueroroftheconqueroroftheearth”.,“吾乃天下征服者之征服者也”，最早是GeorgesdeScudery的史诗Alaric开篇第一行，后来评论家布瓦洛在他的诗艺中再次使用。之所以这样使用是，作者希望具有纯正高卢教养的伯爵一眼就能够看出其中的内涵。史诗中的章节一旦拨去上下文马上会产生强烈的讽刺共鸣(mock-epicresonance)，强化了反讽的效果，将一个不善言辞的书生和另一具有深厚文化传统的贵族赞助人的形象对立起来比较。原本满怀希望，以为可以成为人上人的“征服者”，一下子落魄到如此地步，使读者也产生了深刻的同情之心，让所谓的“赞助人”承受良心的折磨。,“Sevenyearshavenowpassed”,当年著名的罗马巨富、罗马皇帝Augustus的亲密朋友、真正的文学赞助人米西纳斯Maecenas（7-8BC），七年来一直默默而无私地赞助文学巨匠Horace，完成他的史诗，而如今Maecenas已经成为慷慨的文学赞助人的代名词。而约翰逊却在七年中忍受着贫困、饥饿和丧偶带来的煎熬。,theshepherdinVirgil,TheliteraryquotationoriginatedfromthesongofDamon,The8thEclogue(田园诗)byVirgil.Inthepoem,theshepherdDamonsingsasadsongofloveandheartbreak.Loveisapersonificationoftheemotion,who,bylivingamongtherocks,isproventobeacruelandheartlesscharacter.,AttheverybeginningJohnsonadmiredLordChesterfieldverymuchbutfinallyheknewwhatkindofpersonChesterfieldwas.Hewascold-hearted,notofferinganyhelptome.为了表达自己对伯爵“一往情深”的仰慕，约翰逊引用了古罗马诗人维吉尔诗中的牧童“发现爱神只不过是荒山野岭中的野蛮人”的故事，用以喻指伯爵的铁石心肠，是不通情理的人。,普布留斯维吉留斯马罗（拉丁文：PubliusVergiliusMaro，常据英文Virgil译为维吉尔，前70年10月15日前19年9月21日），被誉为古罗马最伟大诗人，留下了牧歌集（Eclogues）、农事诗（Georgics）、史诗埃涅阿斯纪（Aeneid）三部杰作，其中的埃涅阿斯纪长达十二册，是代表着罗马帝国的巨著。,Usefulexpressions,1.repeatwithadditionalcircumstances添油加醋2.holditasawell-knowntruth认为。众所周知3.thereisnottheleastfoundationforit纯属无稽之谈,4.studiedcompliments精心推敲的恭维5.naymore不仅如此6.makeatotalsurrenderofallmyrightsandprivileges完全放弃我的权利和特权,7.therepublicofletters文学界8.thepreviousperusalof先睹为快,9.Despisethehoneyedwords鄙视这些甜言蜜语10.Bethedupeofsuchanartifice被这样的伎俩所骗11.Makegreatprofessions信誓旦旦,beautifulsentences,LordChesterfield,(towhomJohnsonhadpaidthehighcomplimentofaddressingtohisLordshipthePlanofhisDictionary,)hadbehavedtohiminsuchamannerastoexcitehiscontemptandindignation.约翰逊曾非常恭敬地将（词典）的计划书呈给切斯特菲尔德爵士，后者对约翰逊的表现引起了他的蔑视和愤慨。,Arousedhisangerandmadehimtolookdownuponhim,attributiveclause定语从句,expressrespectoresteemfor恭敬地,Speakto,IrememberhavingmentionedthisstorytoGeorgeLordLyttelton,whotoldme,hewasveryintimatewithLordChesterfield;andholdingitasawell-knowntruth,defendedLordChesterfieldbysaying,that“Cibber,whohadbeenintroducedfamiliarlybytheback-stairs,hadprobablynotbeenthereabovetenminutes.”我记得在乔治.洛德.利特尔顿面前提过这个故事,他说他和切斯特菲尔德爵士关系密切,利特尔顿为切斯特菲尔德爵士辩护说,西伯是熟悉从后面楼梯进去的,在那里停留也许不超过十分钟。,(George),Itmayseemstrangeeventoentertainadoubtconcerningastorysolongandsowildlycurrent,andthusimplicitlyadopted,ifnotsanctioned,bytheauthoritywhichIhavementioned;butJohnsonhimselfassuredme,thattherewasnottheleastfoundationforit.,Toholdinmind;harbor:抱着；怀有：Eg.entertainfewillusions.几乎不抱幻想,Permitted,approved,Whollyaccepted,一个故事如此长久如此广泛地流传，虽然没有我提到的权威人士的认可，却如此毫无保留地被人们接受。（这样的故事）如若受到怀疑，似乎很奇怪。,summary,Therewasnottheleastfoundationforthewildlyspread,currentaboutJohnson,andLordChesterfield.However,ChesterfieldscontinuedneglectwasthereasonwhyJohnsonresolvedtohavedonewithhim.Surprisingly,whentheDictionarywasupontheeveofpublication,LordChesterfieldhadflatteredhimselfwithexpectationsthatJohnsonwoulddedicatethegreatwork.Maybehiscomplimentwastomakeacompensationforhisindifferencetothedict