2011年秋高中英语 Unit 3 Life in the future Grammar课件 新人教版必修5

Unit3,Lifeinthefuture,Discoveringusefulstructures,Pastparticiple(3)Usedastheadverbial,Worriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.,=AsIwasworriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.,Rewritethesentencebelow.,participleusedastheadverbial,Readthreemoresentenceswithpastparticiplesusedastheadverbial.,1.Well-knownfortheirexpertise,hisparentscompany,called“FutureTour”,transportedmesafelyintothefutureinatimecapsule.2.Hitbyalackoffreshair,myheadached.3.Exhausted,Islidintobedandfellfastsleep.,Moreexamplesentences,1.Whenitisheated,icewillbechangedintowater.2.Whenitisseenunderamicroscope,afreshsnowflakehasadelicatesix-pointedshape.,Whenheated,icewillbechangedintowater.,Seenunderamicroscope,afreshsnowflakehasadelicatesix-pointedshape.,过去分词作时间状语,1.Whenitisheated,icewillbechangedintowater.Whenheated,icewillbechangedintowater.,2.Whenitisseenunderamicroscope,afreshsnowflakehasadelicatesix-pointed.Seenunderamicroscope,afreshsnowflakehasadelicatesix-pointedshape.,过去分词作原因状语,1.Since/Asshewasgivenadvicebythefamousdetective,theyoungladywasnolongerafraid.Givenadvicebythefamousdetective,theyoungladywasnolongerafraid.,2.Becauseitwasdoneinahurry,hishomeworkwasfullofmistakes.Doneinahurry,hishomeworkwasfullofmistakes.,过去分词作条件或者假设状语,Iftheyhadbeengivenmoreattention,thecabbagescouldhavegrownbetter.Givenmoreattention,thecabbagescouldhavegrownbetter.,2.IfIamcomparedwithyou,westillhavealongwaytogo.Comparedwithyou,westillhavealongwaytogo.,过去分词作方式或伴随情况状语,1.Thehunterlefthishouse,andhewasfollowedbyhisdog.Thehunterlefthishouse,followedbyhisdog.,2.Shesatbythewindow,andshewaslostinthought.Shesatbythewindow,lostinthought.,Althoughwewereexhaustedbytheclimb,wecontinuedourjourney,wecontinuedourjourney.Exhaustedbytheclimb,wecontinuedourjourney.,过去分词作让步状语,1)过去分词在句子中可以作时间状语、原因状语、伴随状语、条件状语、让步状语等。2)过去分词作状语时,过去分词的逻辑主语与句子主语一致。,Summary,过去分词作状语有两大特点：1)表示被动的动作，分词与主语的逻辑关系被动；2)表示已经完成的动作。,1.Askedwhathadhappened,hetoldusaboutit.Whenhewasaskedwhathadhappened,hetoldusaboutit.2.Well-knownforhisexpertadvice,hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures.Becausehewaswellknownforhisexpertadvice,hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures.,Rewritethesentenceswithproperconjunctions.,3.Givenmoretime,wewouldbeabletodotheworkmuchbetter.Ifweweregivenmoretime,wewouldbeabletodotheworkmuchbetter.4.OncetranslatedintoChinese,thebookbecameverypopularamongChineseteenagers.OnceitwastranslatedintoChinese,thebookbecameverypopularamongChineseteenagers.,5.Deeplyinterestedinmedicine,shedecidedtobecomeadoctor.Becauseshewasdeeplyinterestedinmedicine,shedecidedtobecomeadoctor.6.Leftaloneathome,Samdidnotfeelafraidatall.Althoughhewasleftaloneathome，Samdidnotfeelafraidatall.,Rewritethesentenceswithpastparticiple.,AsIwasworriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays._,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.,Worriedaboutthejourney,2.Ifheisgiventime,hellmakeafirst-classtennisplayer._,hellmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.3.AsIwasconfusedbythenewsurroundings,Iwashitbythelackoffreshair._,Iwashitbythelackoffreshair.,Giventime,Confusedbythenewsurroundings,4.Whenhewasquestionedbythepoliceaboutthefire,hebecametense._,hebecametense.,Questionedbythepoliceaboutthefire,1.Frightenedbytheloudnoise,Iwenttoseewhatwashappening.2.Hitbythelackoffreshair,hegotabadheadache,3.Tiredafterthelongjourney,Istillenjoyedmeetingthealiensonthespacestation4.Frightenedbythenoiseoutside,thelittlegirldarednotsleepinherbedroom.,Combinethesesentencesusingthepastparticipleastheadverbial.(page21Ex2.),5.Builtin1910,themuseumisalmost100yearsold.6.Givensomeadvicebythefamousscientist,thestudentwasnotworriedabouthisscientificexperimentanymore.7.Exhaustedafteradayswork,Georgetooksometabletstohelphimfeelbetter.8.Veryastonishedbytheamountofworkinthenewtimetable,Lucydecidedtoleaveherjobimmediately.,Followingtheoldman,wewentupstairs.(跟着那个老人,我们上了楼)2.Followedbytheoldman,wewentupstairs.(被那个老人跟着,我们上了楼),Compare,3.从上面看,体育场好像一个鸟巢。_fromthetop,thestadiumlookslikeabirdnest.A.SeeingB.Seen4.从太空看,宇航员看不到长城。_fromthespace,theastronautcouldnotdiscovertheGreatWall.A.SeeingB.Seen,B,A,注意作状语的过去分词其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且主语是过去分词动作的承受者，即过去分词表示的动作不是句子的主语发出的；过去分词与主语之间是动宾关系，即被动关系。这一点是与现在分词作状语的情况是不同的，后者与主语之间是主谓关系。,CompleteeachsentenceusingthePastParticipleoftherightverb.,1)_bynoisesinthenight,thegirlnolongerdaredtosleepinherroom.2)Theladyreturnedhome,_bytwopolicemen.,frightentrapfollowshoot,Frightened,followed,3)If_inaburningbuilding,youshouldsendforhelp.4)Although_intheleg,hecontinuedfiringatthethief.,trapped,shot,Pastparticiple(3)Usedastheattribute,过去分词作定语过去分词作定语与其所修饰的词之间存在着逻辑上的被动关系,且表示该动作已经完成。单个的过去分词作定语,通常置于被修饰的词的前面；分词短语作定语时,须置于被修饰词的后面。,1.LastSundaywewentonanorganizedtriptotheforest.上周日我们进行了一次有组织的去森林的旅行。2.Aletterpostedtodaywillreachhimthedayaftertomorrow.今天寄出的信后天他就能收到。,被动意义：,anhonoredguest,一位受尊敬的客人,(受伤的工人)arenowbeingtakengoodcareofinthehospital.,B.完成意义,aretiredteacher,一位退休教师,Theyarecleaning(落叶)intheyard.,Theinjuredworkers,thefallenleaves,过去分词作定语前置和后置两种情况,单个的过去分词作定语,通常放在被修饰的名词之前,表示被动和完成意义。,1.前置定语,过去分词短语作定语时,通常放在被修饰的名词之后,它的作用相当于一个定语从句。,Thiswillbethebestnovelofitskindeverwritten.=,Whoweretheso-calledguestsinvited(=)toyourpartylastnight?,thathaseverbeenwritten,whohadbeeninvited,2.后置定语,如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no+thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等时，即使一个单一的分词作形容词用，也要放在被修饰词的后面。例如：Isthereanythingunsolved?ThereisnotingchangedheresinceIleftthistown.,注意:,现在分词作定语，它与被修饰的名词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，而且该动词的动作正在进行。过去分词做定语时，它与被修饰的名词存在着逻辑上有动宾关系，而且该动词的动作已经发生了。,现在分词与过去分词作定语的区别,Heworkedasaworkerbuildingroads.(主动)=Heworkedasaworkerwho/thatbuiltroads.Thisisapicturepaintedbymyfather.(被动)=Thisisapicturewhichwaspaintedbymyfather.,Iknowtheyoungmansleepingonthebench.(在进行)=Iknowtheyoungmanwhoissleepingonthebench.Thelettermailedlastnightwillreachhimtomorrow.(已完成)=Theletterwhichwasmailedlastnightwillreachhimtomorrow.,过去分词短语有时亦可用作非限制性定语，前后常有逗号。Someofthem,bornandbroughtupincountryvillages,hadneverseenatrain.,分词作定语可以转换成定语从句:Weliveinahousefacing(whichfaces)thesouth.Thisisthefactory(whichwas)builtin1980.,1.SoonwelostsightofthatfamousastronomercalledLiQiang.2.IamgoingtobuyapaintingcopiedfromVincentvanGogh.3.Ilikethatoldprivatehousebuiltofwoodandmud.,Combinethesesentencesusingthepastparticipleastheattribute.(page21Ex3.),4.Theroomconnectedtotherestofthehousebyalongpassageiscompletelyempty.5.Thequeenwassittinginaroyalcarriagedrawnbyfourhorses.6.Thevehiclementionedinthebookisunknowntome.7.Thecastlebuiltin1432isunderrepair.,1.TheOlympicGames,_in776B.C.,didntincludewomenuntil1912.A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobeplaying,考点点拨,C,简析:首先,根据语法分析可知,待选部分是一个作定语、修饰TheOlympicGames的后置分词短语;再根据TheOlympicGames对于动词play来说只能是被动承受,且已完成(in776B.C.)。,2.Whatsthelanguage_inGermany?A.speakingB.spokenC.bespokenD.tospeak简析:测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动,等于定语从句whichisspoken。,B,3.Mostoftheartists_tothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.hadbeeninvited简析:测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动,等于定语从句whowereinvited。,A,4.Thecomputercentre,_lastyear,isverypopularamongthestudentsinthisschool.A.openB.openingC.havingopenedD.opened简析:测试过去分词短语作定语放在所修饰的名词后,可以用非限制性定语从句whichwasopenedlastyear代替。,D,5.Thefirsttextbooks_forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written简析:测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动,等于定语从句whichwerewritten。,D,1.When_ifshewouldrequestarise,theactresssaidthatmoneywasnotimportant.A.askedB.askingC.havingaskedD.beingasked,A,Choosethebestanswers.,2.YesterdayIsawinthenewspaperateachingpost_ataschoolclosetomyhomeandIwantedtoapplyforit.A.advertisesB.advertisingC.advertisedD.toadvertise,C,3.Marysfathersaidthathewouldattendthemeetingif_.A.invitingB.invitedC.hadinvitedD.tobeinvited4.John,_bytheterribleaccident,couldsaynothingatfirst.A.frightenedB.wasfrightenedC.hasfrightenedD.frightening5.Wheneverthemistakeshemade_inpublicbyhisparents,Tomwouldrunawayunhappily.A.talkingaboutB.totalkaboutC.weretalkingaboutD.weretalkedabout,B,A,D,6._inasmallbasket,thedogconstantlymovedfromsidetoside.A.TocarryB.TobecarriedC.CarryingD.Carried7.Greatly_bythewarm-heartedpeoplearound,theydecidedtomakegreateffortstotrytheexperimentagain.A.inspiredB.inspiringC.tobeinspiredD.havingbeeninspired8._byagroupofyoungpeople,theoldmanwasverydelighted.A.SurroundingB.HavingsurroundedC.TobesurroundedD.Surrounded,D,A,D,9._unimaginablestrength,theinjuredsoldierstruggledtohisownfeet.A.FilledwithB.TofillwithC.FillingwithD.Beingfilledwith10.Withhiseyes_onthecomputerscreen,hedidntnotic