中医基础理论--专业英语.ppt

BasicTheoryofTCM,EnglishVersion李一芳,GeneralView,HistoricalfiguresinTCM,Famousdoctors,AtthepeakoftraditionalChinesemedicine,therecomesforthmanybrilliantdoctorsknownbytheyoungandtheold,suchasBianQue,HuaTuo,ZhangZhongjin,SunSimiao.Theirlegendsinspireusandmakeusconfidentofourtraditionalculture.,4,HuaTuo,BianQue,ShenNong,HuangDi,HuangDi,Heistheearliestancestorofacupunctureandmoxibustion（针灸鼻祖）.ItwassimilartoShenNong,HuangDisClassicofInternalMedicinewasalsonotwrittenbyhimself.ItssaidthatitmightbefinishedinQinandHanDynastytime,ShenNong,ShenNongsHerbalClassicwasntwrittenbyhimself,itwasfinishedinWarringStatesPeriodorQinandHanDynastytimeShenNongtastedhundredsofgrassandfoundherbsThisbookwastheearlistextantmedicalmonograph(现存的最早的医学专著）,HuaTuo,HuaTuo,Heistheearlistancestorofsurgery,livedinlateEasternHanDynasty.Hewasfamousforsurgicaloperationandmafeisan(akindofnarcoticmadeofherbs).Hecreatedabodybuildingexercisecalledfiveanimalsexercise，itisbasedonthemovementsoftiger,deer,bear,ape(猿）andcrane（鹤）.,BianQue,BianQue,Heisthesphygmologymediator(脉学介导者）ofTraditionalChineseMedicalScienceandlivedinSpringandAutumnandWarringStatesPeriod.Thefourdiagnosticmethods(四诊合参望闻问切）wascreatedbyhim.,SunSimiao,SunSimiao,Heisthekingofmedicine（药王）,livedinTangDynasty.HefinishedthebookGoldenPrescriptionsforEmergencies备急千金方，itwastheearliestclinicalmedicineencyclopedia(临床医学百科全书）inChina.,ZhangZhongjing,ZhangZhongjing,Heistheherbalistdoctorsaint(医圣），livedintheEastenHan.HefinishedthefamousmedicalmonographTreatiseonFebrileandMiscellaneousDisease伤寒杂病论.,GeHong,Heisthemediatorofpreventivemedicine(预防医学介导者），hewasbornintheEasternJinDynastyandhistheorycontainsthesproutidea(萌芽思想)ofimmunity.,LiShizhen,MainPhilosophyandCultureBasis,ConfucianismTaoismWarcraft,LiShizhen,LiShizhen(李时珍)oftheMingDynasty,whosemonumentalmasterpiece,CompendiumofMeteriaMedica(本草纲目),includes1,892medicinalsubstances,11,096prescriptions,and1,162illustrations.,TheFourTraditionalDiagnosticMethods,Inspection,Olfaction,Inquiry,Pulse-taking,ClassicWorks,HuangdisCanonofMedicine/HuangdisInternalClassicPlainQuestions&MiraculousPivotClassicofDifficultIssuesTreatiseonColdDamage(exogenousfebrilediseases)andMiscellaneousDiseasesTreatiseonColdDamage(exogenousfebrilediseases)SynopsisofPrescriptionsofGoldenChamberShennongsClassicofMateriaMedica,BasicCharacter,holismtreatmentbasedonsyndromedifferentiation,BasicCharacter,holism1.humanisanorganicwhole,governedbyheart,centeringonfiveviscera.Whatsinsidemustbeshownoutside(withmanifestations).,fiveviscera,sixbowels,sixextraordinarybowels,meridiansandcollaterals,head,face,stemandlimbs,fivesenseorgans,skinandstriae,muscleandtendon,orifices,pulse,tongue,etc,inside,outside,connection,BasicCharacter,holism2.unityofhumanandnature(correspondencebetweennatureandhuman)inadaptationtonewenvironmentEpistaxisusuallyhappensinspringtime.Thoracicandhypochondriacdiseasesusuallyhappeninsummertime.Diarrheaandcoldstrokeusuallyhappeninlatesummer.Windmalariausuallyhappensinfall.Arthralgiaandsyncopeusuallyhappeninwintertime.Exercisetopreventcold,shade-shelteringtopreventsummerheat.,BasicCharacter,holism3.unityofhumanandsocietyWhentreattherich,emphasizesupplementingthehealthyqi.Whentreatthepoor,emphasizeattacking/eliminatingpathogenicqi.,BasicCharacter,treatmentbasedonsyndromedifferentiationsyndrome:thepathogenesisbehindaseriesofsymptomsandsignsshownoutwardly(cause,location,property,tendency)fourdiagnosticmethods:inspection,listeningandsmelling,inquiry,palpation(pulsetaking)(inspection,palpation,percussion,auscultation)establishthegeneralandspecifictreatingmethod,choosepropermedicinalstoformaformulasametreatmentfordifferentdiseasesdifferenttreatmentsforthesamedisease,BasicPerception,essence-qiyin-yangfiveelements,BasicPerception,yin-yangyangwithinyinyinwithinyinyangwithinyangyinwithinyang,BasicPerception,yin-yangoppositionofyinandyangmutualrooting/interdependencebetweenyinandyangwaxingandwaningofyinandyangyin-yangbalanceyin-yangharmonyyin-yangconversion/inter-transformation,BasicPerception,yin-yangextremeyinresemblingyangextremeyangresemblingyinwaxingandwaningofyinandyang,BasicPerception,fiveelements,water,kidney,metal,lungs,fire，heart,togenerate,torestrict,earth,spleen,wood,liver,BasicPerception,fiveelements“Thefivekindsofmaterialsinnatureareallusedbypeople.Noneofthemcanbedispensedwith”“Waterandfireareusedforcooking,metalandwoodforcultivatingandearthgivesbirthtoeverything,whichareallusedbypeople”“Woodgetscutbymetal,fireextinguishedbywater,earthuncloggedbywood,metalhurtbyfire,waterstoppedbyearth.Everythingonearthfollowsthisrule,anditishardtolistonebyone”,BasicPerception,fiveelements“Woodmeanstogrow(upward)freelyandunfold/stretchout”“Firemeanstoflareup”“Earthmeanstogivebirthtoallthings”“Metalmeanstosuppressandchange”“Watermeanstomoistenandflowdownward”,essence,qi,blood,fluidandhumor,essence(prenatalessence,acquiredessence)togeneratefertilityandreproductiontopromotegrowthanddevelopmenttoproducemarrowandencephalon,nourishbonesandtransformintobloodtonourishandmoistentodefendthebody,essence,qi,blood,fluidandhumor,qi(prenatalessentialqi,essentialqifromwaterandgrain,pectoralqi)topromoteandmovetowarmtodefendthebodytosecuretotransportandtransformtonourish,essence,qi,blood,fluidandhumor,qi(prenatalessentialqi,essentialqifromwaterandgrain,pectoralqi)qimovement:ascending,descending,exiting,entering(upward,downward,outward,inwardmovement)classification:genuineqi,sourceqi,pectoralqi,nutrientqi,defensiveqi,essence,qi,blood,fluidandhumor,bloodtonourishandmoistentocarryandtransport(freshairandfoodnutrition,metabolizedwaste,interiormessageincommunicationbetweenorgans)tobethematerialbasisforspiritualactivitycirculation:qipromotingandsecuringcondition:sufficientvolumeofblood,propertemperaturesoundandunobstructedvesselnormalfunctionofheart,lungs,liver,spleen,essence,qi,blood,fluidandhumor,fluidandhumortonourishandmoistentocarryandtransport(freshairandfoodnutrition,metabolizedwaste,interiormessageincommunicationbetweenorgans)tobethematerialbasisforspiritualactivitycirculation:qipromotingandsecuringcondition:sufficientvolumeofblood,propertemperaturesoundandunobstructedvesselnormalfunctionofheart,lungs,liver,spleen,exogenousdiseasesix-meridian,defensive-qi-nutrient-blood,andthree-energizerdifferentiationinternalmiscellaneousdiseasesvisceraldifferentiation,exogenousdiseasesix-meridian,defensive-qi-nutrient-blood,andthree-energizerdifferentiation,exogenousdiseasesix-meridian,defensive-qi-nutrient-blood,andthree-energizerdifferentiation,exogenousdiseasesix-meridian,defensive-qi-nutrient-blood,andthree-energizerdifferentiation,internalmiscellaneousdiseasesvisceraldifferentiation,mainvisceralfunction,lungsascending/diffusion,descending/depurativedownbearing,governingqi,respiration,andsmoothingwaterpassage,spreadingdefensiveqioverthesuperficiesspleen(stomach)ascending(descending),governingmuscleandlimbs,digestion,transformationandtransportationoffoodandfluid,restrictingbloodwithinvesselsheartgoverningbloodcirculationandvessels,mindandspiritualactivitiesliverascending/upbearingeffusion,soothing/freecoursing,regulatingthesmoothflowofqiandblood,helpdigestion,storingblood,governingsinewskidneystoringessence,prenatalyinandyang,warming,promotinggrowthandreproduction,qiabsorption,commonheartdisorders:depressivepsychosis,mania,insomnia,frequentdreaming,palpitation,cardiodynia,vexationandfidget,amnesia,deliriumandunconsciousness,intermittent,skippingorboundpulse,aswellasorolingualpainorsore,commonlungsdisorders:outofbreath,shortageofbreath,aloworhoarsevoice,lassitude,generalweakness,easilycatchingcold,runningnose,aversiontowind,cough,asthma,spitting,chestdistress,throatitchingandpain,edema,commonspleendisorders:abdominaldistentionandpain,poorappetiteoranorexia,listlessnessandtiredness,tastelessness,sweetandstickytasteinmouth,diarrheaorconstipation,dysentery,edema,prolapseofinnerorgans(includingchronicdiarrheawithproctoptosis,uterineprolapse,gastroptosis,nephroptosis),chronicbleeding(includinghemafecia,epistaxis(nasal),metrorrhagia,bleedingleucorrhea,gingivalhemorrhage(gumline),ifspleenqiweakens,faceandlipsappearsallowandlackluster,commonliverdisorders:depression,hypochondriacandlowerabdominaldistentionandpain,irritabilityandtestiness,breastnoduleandpain,dizziness,headache,irregularmenstruation,amenorrhea,dysmenorrhea,abnormaldigestion,poorappetite,belching,acidregurgitation,stabbingpaininthehypochondrium,abdominalmasses,ascites,impotence,prematureejaculation,spermatorrhea,metrorrhagia,blurredvision,contractureofsinews,convulsion,spasm,congestedeyeswithitchingpain.,commonkidneydisorders:poorgrowingdevelopment,prematuresenility,dyspnea,chroniccough,asthma,shortbreath,amnesia,insomnia,lumbarandlowerlimbsachingpainorweakness,tinnitus,deafness,boneandmuscleatrophy,edema,urineandstooldisorder,especiallyincontinenceofurineandstool,impotence,prematureejaculation,spermatorrhea,infertility,coldnessabovekneesandelbows.,mainvisceralfunction,stomachreceivingfoodanddrink,digesting,descending,preferencetomoistureandaversiontodryness.disorders:foodintakedisorder,epigastricstuffiness,distentionandpain,nausea,vomiting,belching,hiccup,regurgitationsmallintestinereceivingchyme,furtherdigestion,separatingclearfromturbid.disorders:abdominaldistentionandpain,burburigmus,diarrhea.largeintestineabsorbingwaterandfluid,dischargingwastes.disorders:constipation,diarrhea,dysenterywithbloodandpusstool,abdominaldistentionandpain,anusbulgingandsinking,mainvisceralfunction,gallbladderstoringanddischargingbile,helpingdigestion,dominatingdecision,andrelatedtoemotionalactivity.disorders:bittermouth,jaundice,timidity,easilygettingfrightenedurinarybladderstoringanddischargingurine.disorders:frequent,urgenturinationwithburningpain,anuresisanduroschesis,threebasicpairsofascendantanddescendant,heartandkidney:heartyanggoingdownandkidneyyingoinguptorestrictandhelpeachother(heart-kidneyinteraction)heart-sovereignfire,spiritandmindkidney-ministerialfire,prenatalessencecommonmanifestations:palpitation,insomniawithdreams,fidget,amnesia,sorenessofwaist,tinnitus,nocturnalemission,threebasicpairsofascendantanddescendant,heartandkidneyjiaotaiwan:huanglian,rouguisangpiaoqiaosan:sangpiaoqiao,longgu,guijia,renshen,fushen,danghui,changpu,yuanzhi,threebasicpairsofascendantanddescendant,spleenandstomach:theyareinteriorlyandexteriorlyrelatedbytheconnectionofmeridianspleen-ascendingclearessencestomach-descendingturbidchymecommonmanifestation:badappetite,anorexia,stomachorabdominaldistentionaftermeal,stomachorabdominalpain,regurgitation,belch,unclearhead,diarrheawithloosestool,orevenbloodandpus,threebasicpairsofascendantanddescendant,spleenandstomachliujunzisoup:dangshen,baizhu,fuling,gancao,chenpi,banxia,threebasicpairsofascendantanddescendant,liverandlungs:liver-ascending,upbearingeffusinglungs-descending,depurativedownbearingcommonmanifestation:cough,hyperpnoea,asthma,headache,dizziness,reddenedorhoteyes,threebasicpairsofascendantanddescendant,liverandlungssangjuyin:sangye,juhua,chenpi,xingren,lianqiao,lugen,gancao,bohelingjiaogoutengtang: