高中英语 Unit9 Lesson 4 Car Culture课件 北师大版必修3

新课标北师大版课件系列,高中英语必修3,Lesson36CarCulture,Doyouknowhowmanycarsareonroadeveryday?Whatishappeningonroadeveryminute?Arecarsgoodorbad?HerewellreadanarticleabouttrafficinBritainandtalkabouttrafficproblems.,Withtheimprovementoflivingconditions,moreandmorepeoplehavetheirowncars.Asaresult,therearemorecarsareonroads,andmorehighwaysorexpresswaysarebuilt.Goodorbad?Talkabouttrafficproblemswithyourfriends.,Makeaminisurveyinyourgrouptocollectinformationoftrafficconditionsinyourcity.,UsethekeywordsinExercise2.,Interviewyourclassmatesaboutthegeneralconditionsofthetrafficinyourcity.Thefollowingisforyourreference.,A:Doyouhaveacar?B:Yes,myfamilyhasacar?A:Howoftendoyoutravelinyourowncar?B:Everyday.A:Howdoyouuseyourcar,forlongjourneysorshortones?B:Oftenshortones.Forexample,myfathergoestowork,mymothergoesshopping,orIgotoschool.A:Haveyoueverthoughtwhatwouldhappenontheroadsifeverybodytravelinhisowncar?B:Oh,TrafficinOurCity,Trafficjamsoftenoccuronhighwayswherevertwolanesmustmergeintoone.Lanesofcarscannotmergeiftherearenolargegapsbetweencars.Therefore,driverswhocreatelargegapsbetweencarswilleasethistypeoftrafficjam.,Whenandhowdoesatrafficjamhappen?,Readthefirstpartofthearticle(onPage42)tolearnaboutthetrafficinBritain.Takenoteswhilereading.,Workinpairsaskingandansweringquestionsaboutwhatyouhavejustread.,Howmanypeoplehaveyoulearnedfromtheconversationmetwithtrafficjamsthatmorning?WhatdoA10,M11andM25mean?Whatisthemaincauseoftrafficjamsorroadaccidents?Whatdoesthewritercomplainabout?Howcanthewriterrelateglobalwarmingandclimatechangewithtraffic?,Readthesecondpartofthearticle(onpage43),takingnoteswhilereading.,JennyTrownsAdviceonHowtoSolveTrafficProblems,Useyourlegs.,Savemoney,Keepfit,Shortjourneystakeupover25%,Askandanswerquestionsaccordingwhatyouhavejustreadabout.,Whatexcusesdosomepeoplegiveforusingtheirowncarsomuch?Whataretheadvantagesofbusesovercars?Howcanyoupersuadeothertoshareacarwithyou?Whatistheeffectofadvertisementsonpeople?WhatdoyouthinkofJennyTrowesadvice?,Talkinyourgroupaboutthetrafficproblemsinyourtownorcityinthepast3years.Remembertotakenotesofimportantinformation.,Toeaseajam:,Bigcitiesarefacedwithserioustrafficproblems.Thereareoftentrafficjams.Whenyouaretrappedinatrafficjam,thefollowingadvicemaybehelpful.,Maintainalargespaceaheadofyourcar.Encourageone,twoeventhreecarstomergeaheadofyou.Iftrafficslowstoacompletestop,KEEPTWOCAR-LENGTHSOFSPACEOPENAHEADOFYOU.Neverpunishmergingdriversbyclosingyourgap.,Trafficproblemsinbigcities,Readandlearnabouttrafficproblemsinsomebigcities.,LosAngelestopslistfordriversgettingstuckfuming,COLLEGESTATION,Texas(CNN)-TrafficjamsintheUnitedStatesarecostingAmericans$68billioneachyearinwastedtimeandfuel,accordingtoanewreport.,Basedontheanalysisof75U.S.cities,theannualUrbanMobilityReportfromtheTexasTransportationInstitutefindstheaveragerush-hourdriver-notjustcommuters,butalldrivers-wastesabout62hoursintrafficeachyear.,Thatsnottotaltraveltime,thatsjusttheextratimespentgoingsloworgoingnowherebecauseoftrafficcongestion.Byseveralmeasures,thereportfoundLosAngeleshadtheworsttraffic.ThereportstatedthattheaverageLosAngelesrush-hourdriverwasted136hoursayearinsloworstoppedtraffic.,Therunner-upmetroareasinthistime-drainingcategory:SanFrancisco,California;Washington;Seattle,Washington;Houston,Texas;SanJose,California;Dallas,Texas;NewYork;Atlanta,Georgia;andMiami,Florida.,ThereportalsomeasuredcitiesaccordingtoaTravelTimeIndex,whichlookedathowmuchsloweraparticulartriptakesduringrushhourcomparedwiththesametripdrivenwhentrafficisflowingfreely.,LosAngelestoppedthatlist,too.ThestudysaidarushhourtripinLosAngelestakesanaverage90percentlongerthanthesametripduringanon-rushhourperiod.Therunner-upmetroareasinthiscategory:SanFrancisco,California;Chicago;Washington;Seattle,Washington;Miami,Florida;Boston,Massachusetts;SanJose,California;Denver,Colorado;andNewYork.,Thestudyalsofoundthatrushhoursarelastinglonger.In1982,thereportfoundtrafficwascongestedabout4.5hoursadayforthe75citiesstudied.In2000,trafficwascongestedanaverageofsevenhoursaday.,Allofthisdemandcantbehandledinthe(rush)hourlikeitusedtobe,sotrafficspillsover,trailsoverintootherhours,saidTimLomax,oneofthereportsleadauthors.Andthatsspreadingtomoreoftheurbanizedareas,soinsteadofjusttheareainthebeltwaybeingcongested,itsalotmorethanthatnow.,Lomaxsaidroadsandalternativeslikepublictransportationandtelecommutingarentkeepingpacewiththeincreasednumberofmilespeoplearedriving,whichiscausingthecongestion.IntheaverageU.S.city,peopletraveled85percentmoremilesbycarintheyear2000thantheydidin1982.,Theresacombinationoffactors-theamountofpeople,theamountofroadwaythatisthere,Lomaxsaid.Itssortofasupplydemandrelationship-youcanthinkofi