2018职称英语考试时间2018职称英语考试综合类阅读判断专项练习题（4）

2018职称英语考试时间2018职称英语考试综合类阅读判断专项练习题（4） Cell phones are a danger on the road in more ways than one.Two new studies show that talking on the phone while traveling，whether youre driving or on foot，is increasing both pedestrian deaths and those of drivers and passengers，and remend crackdowns on cell1 use by both pedestrians and drivers. The new studies，lead-authored by Rutgers University，Newark，Economics Professor Peter D.Loeb2，relate the impact of cell phones on aident fatalities to the number of cell phones in use，showing that the current increase in deaths resulting from cell phone use follows a period when cell phones actually helped to reduce pedestrian and traffic fatalities.However，this reduction in fatalities disappeared once the numbers of phones in use reached a critical mass 3 of 100 million，the study found.These studies looked at cell phone use and motor vehicle aidents from 1975 through xx，and factored in4 a number of variables，including vehicle speed，alcohol consumption，seat belt use，and miles driven.The studies found the cell phone-fatality correlation to be true even when including factors such as speed，alcohol consumption，and seat belt use. Loeb and his co-author determined that，at the current time，cell phone use has a significant adverse effect on pedestrian safety and that “cell phones and their usage above a critical thresholds adds to motor vehicle fatalities. In the late 1980s and part of the 1990s，before the numbers of phones exploded，cell phone use actually had a life-saving effect in pedestrian and traffic aidents，Loeb notes.Cell-phone users were able to quickly call for medical assistance when involved in an aident.This quick medical response actually reduced the number of traffic deaths for a time， Loeb hypothesizes. However，this was not the case when cells were first used in the mid-1980s，when they caused a life-taking effect among pedestrians，drivers and passengers in vehicles.In those early days，when there were fewer than a million phones，fatalities increased，says Loeb，because drivers and pedestrians probably were still adjusting to the novelty of using them，and there werent enough cell phones in use to make a difference in summoning help following an aident，he explains. The life-saving effect ourred as the volume of phones grew into the early 1990s，and increasing numbers of cells were used to call 911 following aidents，leading to a drop in fatalities，explains Loeb.But this life-saving effect was canceled out6 once the numbers of phones reached a critical mass of about 100 million and the life-taking effect - increased aidents and fatalities outweighed the benefits of quick aess to 911 services，aording to Loeb. Loeb and his co-authors used econometric models to analyze data from a number of government and private studies.He and his co-authors remend that governments consider more aggressive policies to reduce cell phone use by both drivers and pedestrians，to reduce the number of fatalities. 练习： 1.The two new studies，lead-authored by Professor Peter D.Loeb A show that talking on the phone while driving or walking in the street increases deaths of drivers and pedestrians. B show that talking on the phone while driving increases pedestrian deaths. C remend that strict measures be taken to restrain cell phone use. D both A and C. 2.Aording to the second paragraph，when did cell phones actually help to reduce pedestrian and traffic fatalities？ A Right after cell phones were invented. B Before the number of cell phone users reached a critical mass C When cell phone users totaled to a certain number. D When the number of cell phones decreased to a certain number. 3.What is said about cell phone use in paragraph 4？ A The number of cell phones in use exploded in the late 1980s and part of the 1990s. B The number of traffic deaths was reduced in the late 1980s and part of the 1990s due to cell phone use. C Cell phone users are likely to be involved in traffic aidents. D The use of cell phones has a life-saving effect for pedestrians and drivers. 4.What is said about cell phone use in the mid-1980s in paragraph 5？ A It had a life-taking effect because there werent enough cell phones in use then. B The increased use of cell phones then caused a life-taking effect. C Traffic fatalities increased then because the number of cell phones in use decreased. D Traffic fatalities decreased then because the number of cell phones in use increased. 5.Which of the following statements DOES NOT answer the question What caused the life-saving effect to our in the early 1990s？ A There were more cell phone users during that period. B The number of cell phone users reached about 100 million. C More cell phones were used to call 911 when aidents ourred. D Cell phones enabled people to have quick aess to 911 services. 答案与题解： 1.D 根据短文第一段的内容，Loeb 教授的最新研究发现，开车或行路时打手机使司机和行 路人的死亡率上升，并建议采取严厉措施限制司机和行路人使用手机。B 是错误理解，因为只有行路人被提到。 2.B 短文第二段最后两个句子提供了答案：在手机使用者达到 1 亿的临界点之前，手机的 使用的确减少了交通事故的死亡率。A、C 和 D 的表述内容都没有在文章中提到。 3.B A 是错误选择，因为该段的第四个句子 In the late 1980s and part of the 1990s，before the numbers of phones exploded，表明。手机数量在 80 年代末期和 90 年 代早期还未激增。C 的表述内容没有在文章中提到。句子cell phone use actually had a “life-saving effect”用的是过去式，说的是发生在 80 年代末期和 90 年代早 期的事情，而 D 句用