过去完成时PPT课件.ppt

.,1,第七讲过去完成时,.,2,含义,过去的过去,过去完成时=过去时+完成时,.,3,构成,had+过去分词现在完成时：have+过去分词过去完成时：had+过去分词,过去时,.,4,基本结构,肯定句：主语+had+过去分词.否定句：主语+had+not+过去分词.一般疑问句：Had+主语+过去分词?肯定回答：Yes,主语+had.否定回答：No,主语+hadnot.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句（Had+主语+过去分词）？被动语态：主语+had（hadnt)+been+过去分词,.,5,时间状语,过去完成时的时间状语before,bythetime,until,when,after,once,assoonas,.,6,用法,（1）表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作，也可以说过去的时间关于过去的动作。即“过去的过去”。可以用by,before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示，也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示，还可能通过上下文来表示。例如：Bynineoclocklastnight,wehadgotten200picturesfromthespaceship.到昨晚9点钟，我们已经收到200张飞船发来的图片。,.,7,BythetimeIgottothestation,thebushadleftalready.当我到达车站的时候，车已经离开了。IhadneverseenthiskindoftreesbeforeIcametoParis.在我来巴黎之前，我从来没有见过这种树。,.,8,（2）表示由过去的某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。常和for,since构成的时间状语连用。例如：Ihadbeenatthebusstopfor20minuteswhenabusfinallycame.当车来的时候，我在车站已等了20分钟。Hesaidhehadworkedinthatfactorysince1949.他说自从1949年以来他就在那家工厂工作。,.,9,（3）叙述过去发生的事情，在已叙述了过去发生的事情后，反过来追述或补述以前发生的动作时，常使用过去完成时。例如：Mr.Smithdiedyesterday.Hehadbeenagoodfriendofmine.史密斯先生昨天去世了。他以前是我的好友。Ididntknowathingabouttheverbs,forIhadnotstudiedmylesson.我对动词一无所知，因为我没有好好学习功课。,.,10,（4）在含有定语从句的主从复合句中，如果叙述的是过去的事，先发生的动作常用过去完成时。例如：IreturnedthebookthatIhadborrowed.我已归还了我借的书。Shefoundthekeythatshehadlost.她丢失的钥匙找到了。,.,11,（5）过去完成时常常用在told,said，knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句（或间接引语）中，这时从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去的动作之前。例如：Hesaidthathehadknownherwell.他说他很熟悉她。IthoughtIhadsenttheletteraweekbefore.我认为我一星期前就把信寄出去了。,.,12,（6）在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在前，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。如when,before,after,assoon，as,till/until引导的例如：WhenIwokeup,ithadalreadystoppedraining.我醒来时雨已停了。Shedidntgotobeduntilshehadfinishedherwork.她直到把工作做完之后才睡觉。,.,13,注意：如果两个动作紧接着发生，则常常不用过去完成时，特别是在包含before和after的复合句中，因为这时从句的动作和主句的动作发生的先后顺序已经非常明确，这时可以用一般过去时代替过去完成时。例如：AfterhearrivedinEngland,MarxworkedhardtoimprovehisEnglish.马克思到达英格兰之后，努力提高他的英语水平。,.,14,（7）动词think,want,hope,mean,plan,intend等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法，希望，打算或意图等。例如：Theyhadwantedtohelpbutcouldnotgetthereintime.他们本来打算去帮忙，但没有及时赶到那里。Wehadhopedtobeabletocomeandseeyou.我们本来希望能来看看你。,.,15,（8）过去完成时还可用在hardlywhen,nosoonerthan,Itwasthefirst(second,etc)time(that)等固定句型中。Itwasthethirdtimethathehadbeenoutofworkthatyear.这是他那一年第三次失业了。,.,16,Hardwhen.一就例如：Hehadhardlybeguntospeakwhentheaudienceinterruptedhim.他刚开始演讲，听众就打断了他。注意：把hardly提前，须倒装Hardlyhadhebeguntospeakwhentheaudienceinterruptedhim.,.,17,Nosoonerthan一就Hehadnosoonerarrivedthanhewentawayagain.他刚到就又走了。注意：Nosooner提前，要倒装Nosoonerhadhearrivedthanhewentawayagain.Itwasthethirdtimethathehadbeenoutofworkthatyear.这是他那一年第三次失业了。,.,18,高考题,.,19,1.（10安徽28）-Wereyousurprisedbytheendingofthefilm?-No,I_thebook,soIalreadyknewthestory?A.wasreadingB.hadreadC.amreadingD.haveread,.,20,-Wereyousurprisedbytheendingofthefilm?-No,I_thebook,soIalreadyknewthestory?A.wasreadingB.hadreadC.amreadingD.haveread答案：B.考点：本题考查时态用法。解析：句意为“我看过书了，已知道这个故事”。在“knew”前已看过，故用过去完成时。,.,21,2.（10湖南27）Iwasjustgoingtocutmyrosebushesbutsomeoneit.Wasityou?A.hasdoneB.haddoneC.woulddoD.willdo,.,22,Iwasjustgoingtocutmyrosebushesbutsomeoneit.Wasityou?A.hasdoneB.haddoneC.woulddoD.willdo答案：B考点：考查动词时态。解析：该空动作发生在wasjustgoingtocut之前，即表示过去的过去，故用过去完成时态。句意为：“我正要剪切我的蔷薇丛但（发现）有人已经将它剪切了。是你干的吗？”,.,23,3.（10江苏30）Peter,wheredidyouguysgoforthesummervacation?We_busywithourworkformonths,sowewenttothebeachtorelaxourselves.A.wereB.havebeenC.hadbeenD.willbe,.,24,Peter,wheredidyouguysgoforthesummervacation?We_busywithourworkformonths,sowewenttothebeachtorelaxourselves.A.wereB.havebeenC.hadbeenD.willbe选C.考查时态题.我们去海边发生在过去.而我们忙于工作在此之前.因此用过去完成时.,.,25,4.（10北京28）IttookmealongtimebeforeIwasabletofullyappreciatewhatthey_forme.A.haddoneB.didC.woulddoD.weredoing,.,26,IttookmealongtimebeforeIwasabletofullyappreciatewhatthey_forme.A.haddoneB.didC.woulddoD.weredoing答案：A考点:本题考查过去完成时和一般过去时的区别。解析：整个句子时态用的是一般过去时，我能够表示感谢就已经是过去，而他们对我的帮助则是过去的过去。因此选A。,.,27,5.(08北京27)Thehotelwasntparticularlygood，butIinmanyworsehotels.A.wasstayingB.stayedC.wouldstayD.hadstayed答案D解析由句中的worse可知该句是表达比较的含义，故本题句意应为:这家旅馆并不特别好，但是我住过比它更差的旅馆。由于“Thehotelwasntparticularlygood”中的时态是一般过去时态，所以stay这一动作应发生在描述情况之前，故须用过去完成时态。,.,28,Thehotelwasntparticularlygood，butIinmanyworsehotels.A.wasstayingB.stayedC.wouldstayD.hadstayed,.,29,6.(08辽宁23)Wefirstmetonatrainin2000.Webothfeltimmediatelythatweeachotherforyears.A.knewB.haveknownC.hadknownD.know,.,30,Wefirstmetonatrainin2000.Webothfeltimmediatelythatweeachotherforyears.A.knewB.haveknownC.hadknownD.know答案C解析句意为：我们于2000年在火车上第一次相遇。我们两人都立刻觉得我们好像已认识了好多年。that从句中know的动作发生在句子谓语动词felt之前，因此从句谓语动词应用过去完成时态。,.,31,7.(07安徽26)Theybecamefriendsagainthatday.Untilthen，theytoeachotherfornearlytwoyears.A.didntspeakB.hadntspokenC.haventspokenD.haventbeenspeaking,.,32,Theybecamefriendsagainthatday.Untilthen，theytoeachotherfornearlytwoyears.A.didntspeakB.hadntspokenC.haventspokenD.haventbeenspeaking答案B解析到过去某个时间为止所完成的动作用过去完成时态。,.,33,8.(07重庆23)DidAlanenjoyseeinghisoldfriendsyesterday?Yes，hedid.Hehisoldfriendsforalongtime.A.didntseeB.wouldntseeC.hasntseenD.hadntseen,.,34,DidAlanenjoyseeinghisoldfriendsyesterday?Yes，hedid.Hehisoldfriendsforalongtime.A.didntseeB.wouldntseeC.hasntseenD.hadntseen答案D解析foralongtime与完成时连用，且前一句中用一般过去时，因此此处应用过去完成时态。,.,35,9.(07江苏23)Attheendofthemeeting，itwasannouncedthatanagreement.A.hasbeenreachedB.hadbeenreachedC.hasreachedD.hadreached,.,36,Attheendofthemeeting，itwasannouncedthatanagreement.A.hasbeenreachedB.hadbeenreachedC.hasreachedD.hadreached答案B解析“达成协议”的动作发生在wasannounced之前，故用过去完成时。,.,37,10.(06全国12)John，afriendofmine，whogotmarriedonlylastweek，spent$3，000morethanheforthewedding.A.willplanB.hasplannedC.wouldplanD.hadplanned,.,38,John，afriendofmine，whogotmarriedonlylastweek，spent$3，000morethanheforthewedding.A.willplanB.hasplannedC.wouldplanD.hadplanned答案D解析plan表示的动作发生在spend这一过去动作之前，故应该用过去完成时。句意为：我的朋友约翰上周结婚了，婚礼花去了3000美元，超过了原计划。,.,39,读故事aboutadisabledboy,.,40,Shayasked,“Doyouthinktheyllletmeplay?”ShaysfatherknewthatmostoftheboyswouldnotwantsomeonelikeShayontheirteam,butthefatheralsounderstoodthatifhisson,mentallyandphysicallydisabled,wereallowedtoplay,itwouldgivehimamuch-neededsenseofbelongingandsomeconfidence.ShaysfatherapproachedoneoftheboysonthefieldandaskedifShaycouldplay,notexpectingmuch.Theboylookedaroundandsaid,“Werelosingbysixruns(分)andthegameisintheeighthinning(局).Iguesshecanbeonourteamandwelltrytoputhimintobatinthefinalinning.,.,41,Shaystruggledovertotheteamsbenchandputonateamshirtwithabroadsmileandhisfatherhadasmalltearinhiseyeandwarmthinheart.Theboyssawthefathersjoyathissonbeingaccepted.Inthebottomoftheeighthinning,Shaysteamscoredafewrunsbutwasstillbehindbythree.Inthetopofthefinalinning,Shayputonagloveandplayedinthefield.Eventhoughnohitscamehisway,hewasobviouslyjoyfuljusttobeinthegameandonthefield.Inthebottomofthefinalinning,Shaysteamscoredagain.Now,Shaywasscheduledtobenextatbat.WouldtheyletShaybatandgiveawaytheirchancetowinthegame?,.,42,Surprisingly,Shaywasgiventhebat.Everyoneknewthatahitwasalmostimpossible.Thefirstpitch(投)cameandShaymissed.ThepitcheragaintookafewstepsforwardtothrowtheballsoftlytowardsShay.Asthepitchcamein,Shayswungattheballandhitaslowgroundballrightbacktothepitcher.ThepitchercouldhaveeasilythrownheballtothefirstbasemanandShaywouldhavebeenoutandthatwouldhavebeentheendofthegame.Instead,thepitcherthrewtheballrightovertheheadofthefirstbaseman,beyondthereachofallteammates,Theaudienceandtheplayersfrombothteamsstartedscreaming,“Shay,runtofirst!”NeverinhislifehadShayeverrunthatfarbutmadeittofirstbase,wide-eyedandshocked.,.,43,Everyoneshouted,“Runtosecond!”Catchinghisbreath,Sha