同位语从句讲解ppt课件

同位语从句,AppositiveClause,1,Whatkindofnounclausesarethey?,Whatitwastobecomewasamystery.2.IdontknowwhowillhelpHenrytowinthebet.3.HistroubleisthathedoesntknowanybodyinLondon.4.Thefactthatshipscangotheresurprisesmanypeople.,名词性从句,2,Mr.Liu,ourChineseteacher,isacharminggentleman.,Thethoughtthattheycouldcrossthewholecontinentwasexciting.,同位语（appositive）,同位语从句（appositiveclause）,Lead-in,3,名词性从句,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,主语从句在句中做-宾语从句在句中做-表语从句在句中做-同位语从句在句中-,主语,宾语,表语,同位语,1.Thathewillcomeiscertain.,2.Iknowthathewillcome.,3.ThetruthisthatIhavebeenthere.,4.Thefactthatshewaslatesurprisedus.,4,a.It+be+形容词+that-从句Itisnecessarythat有必要Itisimportantthat重要的是Itisobviousthat很明显,b.It+be+-ed分词+that-从句Itisbelievedthat人们相信Itisknowntoallthat从所周知Ithasbeendecidedthat已决定,c.It+be+名词+that-从句Itiscommonknowledgethat是常识Itisasurprisethat令人惊奇的是Itisafactthat事实是,d.It+不及物动词+that-从句Itappearsthat似乎Ithappensthat碰巧Itoccurredtomethat我突然想起,注意：用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下几组：,5,1.ItiswellknownthatabigearthquakestruckJapanon11,March.2.Thereasonwhyithappenedisthatthecontinentsaremoving.3.Whatsurprisedmemostwasthatalargenumberofcarswerewashedawaybythewater.4.Alargenumberofpeoplewerehomeless,andIhavenoideawhethertheycanrebuildtheirhome.5.Thenewsthatourcountryhasofferedhelpmakesmeproud.6.Ithinkitourdutytodowhatwecan(do)tohelpthem.,6,同位语从句1.概念:在复合句中作_的同位语的名词性从句。2.功能:同位语从句对该抽象名词进一步解释，说明名词的_。3.用法:常跟同位语从句的抽象名词有:,4.连词:that/whether/who/whichwhat/when/where/why/how,fact_/idea_/reason_/thought_/doubt_/news_/hope_/belief_/message_/decision_/warning_/information_order_/promise_/possibility_/evidence_,事实,想法,理由,想法,疑惑,消息,希望,信念,消息,决定,警告,信息,命令,诺言,可能性,证据,抽象名词,具体内容,事实，真相,7,I.名词性从句的引导词：,连接词：that、if、whether,无意义,2.连接代词：who、whom、whose、what、which、whoever,whatever,3.连接副词：when、where、why、how,“是否”,作主/宾/表,8,主语从句,thatwhetherwhowhomwhosewhatwhichwhenwherewhyhow,从句引导词:,1.ThatheknowsJapaneseisknowntoall.,3.Whenhewillcomeisunknown.,4.Whetherheiscomingdoesntmattermuch.,5.Itremainsasecrethowtheyclimbedupthemountain.,主语太长了!放到句尾,That无词义,不可省略,What“什么”,“所.的”,2.Whatsurprisedmewastoseehimhere.,When“什么时候”,主语从句不用if,位于句首,主语从句的位置1.在句首2.主语较长时通常放在后面,句首主语用It,9,连接词that引导的同位语从句,that在从句中不充当成分,只起连接作用.,Hetoldmethenewsthathewouldcomehomefromabroadsoon.,Thereisnodoubtthatthepricesofcarswillgodown.,如果从句句子意思完整且是确定的事情应该用_来引导.,that,10,只用whether引导,不用if.,连接词whether引导的同位语从句,如果从句意思不完整且表示不确定的事情(含“是否”之意)，应该用_来引导.,whether,Hemustanswerthequestion_heagreestoitornot.,whether,11,连接词代词what/which/who引导的同位语从句,1.谁会出国这个问题还未决定.2.我不知道该选哪个.,1.Thequestion_shouldgoabroadhasntbeendecidedyet.,2.Ihavenoidea_oneIshouldchoose.,which,who,(定语),(主语),在从句中充当成分,12,连接词副词when/where/why/how引导同位语从句并分别充当_状语.,1.我了解他们为什么离开得那么早.2.我们还没决定好去哪儿.,1.Ivegotagoodidea_theyleftearly.2.Thequestion_weshouldgohasnotbeendecided.,why,where,时间/地点/原因/方式,13,5.注意事项：同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所要说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开，这种从句叫分隔式同位语从句。Wordcamethattheirteamhadwon.Thewholetruthcameoutatlastthatitwasawolfinsheepsclothing.,14,(2)表示“建议、命令、要求”等的名词（如suggestion,advice,order,request等）后接同位语从句时，从句用虚拟语气，从句的谓语动词常用“should+动词原形”结构，should可以省略。Ourteachergaveadvicethatwe(should)makeuseofeverychancetospeakEnglish.Hegavetheorderthatthepatient_（send)tohospitalwithoutdelay.,(should)besent,15,(3)当doubt作名词用于肯定句中，其后的同位语从句引导词用whether;如果是否定句/疑问句，则用that.Thereissomedoubt_theirfootballteamwillwinthematch.Thereisno/littledoubt_theywillagreewithyouonthismatter.,Thatsall.,whether,that,16,同位语从句与that引导的定语从句的区别是什么?该如何区分呢?,17,三.如何区别由that引导的定语从句和同位语从句,1.,定语从句中that，代词，可在从句中作主、宾、表,同位语从句中that,连词，无成分无意义,Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthegamewastrue.Thenewsthathetoldmeyesterdaywastrue.,2.定义：定语从句-对先行词加以修饰限定，与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系。同位语从句-对名词即先行词加以补充说明，是名词全部内容的体现。,18,判断:定语从句or同位语从句,1.ThenewsthathewillleaveforShanghaiistrue.2.Thenewsthatwegotlastweekistrue.3.ImadeapromisethatifanyonesetmefreeIwouldmakehimveryrich.4.Themothermadeapromisethatpleasedallherchildren.,(定语从句),(同位语从句),(同位语从句),(定语从句),19,1.（09江西）Thefacthasworriedmanyscientists_theearthisbecomingwarmerandwarmertheseyears.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.though2.Thesuggestion_heraisedatthemeetingisverygood.A.whichB.thatC.whatD./3.Thesuggestion_thestudents(should)haveplentyofexerciseisverygood.A.whichB.thatC.whatD./,20,总结:1)同位语从句跟在名词后面，进一步说明该名词的具体内容。同位语从句常跟在名词idea,fact,news,hope,thought,suggestion等抽象名词之后,2)连接词that不能省略,无意义无成分；3)用whether而不用if引导同位语从句4)连接代词who,which,what在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语;连接副词where,when,why,how在从句作状语。,21,回顾名词性从句考点：,.语序问题,.it作形式主语,形式宾语的用法,.时态问题,.同位语从句与定语从句区别,.名词性从句中的虚拟语气,.主谓一致问题,重点,8含有插入语的名词性从句,22,Areyouclearnow?OK.Letsdosomeexercises!,23,1.(09江西33)Thefacthasworriedmanyscientists_theearthisbecomingwarmerandwarmertheseyears.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.though2.(09四川7)Newscamefromtheschooloffice_WangLinhadbeenadmittedtoBeijingUniversity.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where,24,3.Itmakesnodifference_youwillgotodayortomorrow.A.ifB.whetherC.thatD.what4.Hemadeasuggestionthatwe_moneytothepeopleinthesouth.A.giveB.gaveC.wouldgiveD.couldgive,25,5.Thereisnodoubt_acureforAIDSw