Unit 5It must belong to Carla

Unit5ItmustbelongtoCarla一.学习目标（LanguageGoal）Howtomakeinferences（对目前发生的事）学会做出推测和判断,二.语言结构（LanguageStructures）1.Tousecould,may,might,mustandcouldnt/canttoshowhowcertainyouareaboutapresentsituation.学会使用could,may,might,must及couldnt/cant等词，表示对当前发生的事情做出推测和判断。,2.区别这些词在程度上的不同。3.“whose”引导的疑问句。（whosequestions）,三.目标语言（Targetlanguage）1.Whosevolleyballisthis?ItmustbeCarlas.Shelovesvolleyball.2.WhoseFrenchbookisthis?ItcouldbeAlis.ShestudiesFrench.,3.Whoseguitaristhis?ItmightbelongtoAlice.Sheplaystheguitar.4.WhoseT-shirtisthis?ItcantbeJohns.Itsmuchtoosmallforhim.,四.重点词组（Keyphrases）1.belongto属于2.hairband发带3.becauseof因为4.Chinese-EnglishDictionary汉英词典5.OxfordUniversity牛津大学,6.useup用光、用完7.theonlykid独生子，唯一的孩子8.classicalmusic古典音乐9.makeguesses做出猜测10.outsideourwindow在窗子外面11.nomore不再12.escapefrom逃离13.becarefulof留神、当心,五.GrammarFocus（语法重点）表示推测的情态动词（ModalsofProbabilityandPossibility）1.在英语中，表示对某件事物的确定程度，即表示推测的时候，我们通常会用到以下情态动词，must,might,could,may,cant,couldnt.,例如：Lookatthepicture,whatdoyouthinkitis?（无论你认为图形表示什么，这都是一种猜测，你可以用以下的句子来回答。）,eg.Itcouldbeadonut.（它可能是个炸圈饼）Itmightbeahatfromabove.它可能是个从上面看的帽子。Itmustbeaneyeball.它一定是个眼球。,2.根据确信程度的不同，你可以选择用不同的词。（1）2080certain（Possible）:could,might,mayYoucanusecould,might,maytoexpresspossibilitytoshowthatyoubelievesomethingispossible,butyouarenotverycertainifitistrueornot.Youaremakingaguess.Mayshowsthatyouarealittlemorecertainthatsomethingistrue.,当你不确认某件事情是否是真实的，表示“可能”“或许”的意思时，可以用could,might,may来表示。may表示可能性要稍大一些。,如：Situation:Hesgotabaseballhaton.又如：Situation:Sheiswearingawhitecoat.（2）90certain（Probable）:mustUsemusttoexpressprobability（toshowthatyoubelievesomethingisprobablytrue.如果你非常确信某事是真的，就用must.“一定是”“肯定是”,eg.Situation:Heswearingabaseballhat.Hescarryingabaseballglove.（推测）Hemustplaybaseball.,注意：must只有在肯定句中才表示判断。在否定句和疑问句中，要用cant和can。must可用来表示我们对某事确有把握（因为从逻辑上来说它是必然的）例如：Janeslightison.Shemustbeathome.Shecantbeout.简的房间里开着灯。她一定在家，不会出去的。,Marymusthavesomeproblem:shekeepscrying.玛丽一定有什么问题：她一直在哭。Theresthedoorbell.ItmustbeDick.门铃响了。一定是迪克。,（3）100certain（Certain）：事实，无须推测，则不能用could,might,must.Ifthesearefacts,youdontusecouldmightormust.eg.Situation:Itsinthemiddleofabaseballgame.Heisthrowingaballtohisteammate.Heplaysbaseball.,3.表示肯定的推测，句式为：主语情态动词动词（subject+modal+verb）eg.注意（1）Jackcouldlivehere.（*情态动词后面必须用动词原形）而不是Jackcouldliveshere.（）（2）Alexmightknowhim.而不是Alexmightsknowhim.（情态动词没有人称和数的变化）,（3）Shirleymaybeathome.而不是Shirleymaybeathome.（maybe不是情态动词，而是副词不能做谓语）,4.表示否定的推测，句式为：主语情态动词not动词。请注意表示否定的推测时，一般用cant,couldnt.couldnt表示非常的不可能，可能性极小。eg.Thatsimpossible!TomcouldntbeinHongKong.Isawhimjustafewminutesago.Hecantbethere.?,六.Keypoints.（疑难解析）1.Whosequestionswhose引导的特殊疑问句whose“谁的”，象物主代词一样，亦有名词和形容词的性质,eg.（1）Whosepensarethese?这些是谁的笔？TheyareLiMings这些是李明的。（whose具有形容词的性质，回答则用“LiMings（pens）,（2）Whosefatherwentabroadtwoyearsago?两年前谁的父亲出国了？（whose后面加名词做定语修饰后面的名词）,（3）Whoseisthisumbrella?Itsmine.（whose在这里是名词性，作表语，回答用名词性物主代词，mine相当于myumbrella）belongto作“属于”讲。例如：Thatcarbelongstomyuncle.那辆车是我叔叔的。,Whodoesthisbagbelongto?那个提包是谁的？Ibelongtotheswimmingclub.我是这个游泳俱乐部的成员。,3.Hewastheonlylittlekidatthepicnic.他是野餐中唯一的小孩儿。only:（1）形容词，置于单数名词之前，变为“唯一的，仅有的”置于复数名词之前，意为“只有、仅”；另外还有“最适合的最佳的”的意思,eg.a.Thisismyonlyson.这是我的独生子。Heronlyanswerisasmile.她仅以微笑回答。b.Theyweretheonlypeoplewhohadthekeys.只有他们有钥匙。c.Sheistheonlywomanfortheposition.她是那个职位的最佳人选。,（2）副词：“只，仅，才”eg.a.Onlyyouunderstandme.只有你了解我。（修饰主语时，only常置于主语之前）b.Sheonlyeatsvegetables.她只吃蔬菜。,Iveonlyseenhimonce.我只见过他一次。（only修饰主语以外的成份时，通常置于行为动词之前，be动词，情态动词、助动词后面）,（3）要确定所修饰的事物时，则置于所修饰的词和短语之前eg.Imetheronlyyesterday.我昨天才遇见她。,4.Ifyouhaveanyideawhereitmightbe,pleasecallme.（1）any除了用于否定句、疑问句中，还用于if引导的条件从句中，意为“若干的，有多少”。例如：,IfyouhaveanytimeIdliketotalk.如果你有（些许）时间，我希望与你谈谈。Ifyouhaveanyinterestingbooks,pleaselendmesome.你如果有什么有趣的书，请借我几本。,（2）Ifyouhaveanyidea.=Ifyouknow.意为“如果你知道”（3）Whereitmightbe作“haveanyidea”的宾语从句。（4）idean.主意、想法eg.amanfullofideas主意很多的人另外，idea还有想象，模糊的想法。eg.Youcanhavenoideaofwhathesaid.你根本想象不到他说了些什么。,5.toomuch与muchtoo的区别二者均做副词性短语作程度状语。toomuch通常位于动词之后，修饰动词，too做much的状语，后面也可接名词。,eg.Shedoestalktoomuch,doesntshe?她确实太唠叨了，是吗？Heworkstoomuch.他工作太辛苦了。/Hehastoomuchworktodo.,而muchtoo则常用在形容词或副词之前修饰形容词或副词，其中much作too的状语。eg.Thedressismuchtoolongforme.这衣服我穿太长了。Igotintothetaxianddrovemuchtoofast.我上了出租车，并开得飞快。,6.because与becauseof的区别because通常表示说话人认为这种理由或原因是听话人所不知道的，后面接从句，做为原因状语从句eg.Hedidntattendthemeetingbecausehehadtoomuchworktodo.他因为要干的活儿太多，没来参加会议。,becauseof意为“因为，由于”，在句中一般用作状语，可置于句首和句末，后面接名词、代词及名词性短语。常用来表示引起事件发生的直接原因。,eg.Becauseofillness,theboydidnotgotoschool.因为生病，这个男孩没有去上学。Theyhadtostayathomebecauseofaheavyrain.因为一场大雨，他们只好呆在家里。Theboywaslateforschoolbecauseoftheheavytraffic.由于堵车，这个孩子上学迟到了。,7.nomore与notanymore的区别二者都表示“不再”，“再没有”的含义（1）谈数量或程度时，要用nomore.eg.Thereisnomorebread.没有面包了。（指数量）HesnomoregeniusthanIam.他和我都不是天才。（指程度）,（2）说时间时，不用nomore,可用notanymore或nolonger,notanylonger.eg.Hedoesntlivehereanymore.他不住在这里了。（指时间）Icannotstanditanylonger.我再也忍不下去了。（指时间）Itnolongerexists.它不再存在。,8.IthinkIdroppeditduringtheconcertsoitmightstillbeinthesymphonyhall.（1）drop本句中是动词，意思是“落下，掉落”。例如：Shedroppedthevaseonthefloor.她失手把花瓶掉在了地板上。,Themonkeysdroppedthebasketandranawayassoonastheysawthechildren.猴子们一看见孩子们就扔下篮子逃跑了。Itwassoquietthatyoumighthaveheardapindrop.安静得连针掉在地上都可能听得到。,（2）during是介词，意为“在期间”，其后跟时间段。辨析：during,for介词during和介词for之后都跟时间段，如：anhour,twoweeks,threeyears,holidays等。但介词for是指持续时间的长短，回答howlong（多长时间）的问题，而during则是指动作所发生的时间，回答when（什么时候）的问题。请看下面的例句：,Thechildwokethreetimesduringthenight.这个孩子夜里醒了三次。HestayedinBeijingfortwoyears.他在北京住了两年了。WehavestudiedEnglishforthreeyears.我们学英语学了三年了。,（3）still是副词，意为“仍然，仍旧”，yet也有此义，但两者在句中的位置是不同的，yet一般放在句尾或句中的位置，而still则放在句中。例如：另外，在否定句中still可以位于否定结构之前，而且不处于否定范围之内，而yet却不是这样。例如：Istilldontunderstand.我还是不明白。,9.However,thesedays,strangethingsarehappeninginourneighborhoodandeveryoneisunhappy.然而，最近在我们附近却在发生一些奇怪的事情，并且每个人都不高兴。（1）however意思是“然后，可是，无论如何也”。其用法如下：,however作连词，意为“然而，可是，不过”，与but的意义相同，但however是较正式的说法。例如：Certainlyheapologized.However,Iwontforgivehim.他的确道歉了，然而我却不会原谅他。,从语义上看，but所表示的是很明显的对比，转折的意味比however要强。从语法上看，but是个并列连词，而however却是个联加副词（conjuct）。从语序上看，but总是位于它引出的分句之首，而however却位于分句之首、之中或之尾，但译成汉语时一定要把它放在分句之首。,从标点上说，but之后一般不得加逗号，但however位于分句之首时，通常用逗号，位于分句中时，通常在其前后各加一个逗号，位于分句之尾时，则必须在其前加逗号。,（2）thesedays意为“最近，近来，近几天。”（3）unhappy是happy的反义词。我们常用的在形容词前加词首变为其反义词的有：lucky（幸运的）unlucky（不幸的）grateful（感激的）ungrateful（忘恩负义的）harmed（受伤害的）unharmed（平安无事的）,finished（完成了的）unfinished（未完成的）fair（公平的）unfair（不公平的）,10.Myparentscalledthepolice,buttheycantfindanythingstrange.我的父母亲报了警，但他们也没能发现奇怪的东西（1）police是名词，通常用thepolice，视为复数名词，意思是“警察、警方”。如果指一个警员，要用apoliceman或apolicewoman。例如：Youshouldcallthepoliceifyoumeetathief.你遇到贼的话，应该报警。,（2）cant在本句中，不表示“推断”，而表示“能力”。（3）something,anything等复合不定代词的修饰词要放在其后面。例如：Thereisntanythingwrongwiththiscomputer.这台电脑没毛病。Isthereanythingnewintodaysnewspaper?今天的报纸上有新东西吗？,11.Inmydream,Iwasswimminginanoceanofpaper.在我的梦中，我浸泡在数不尽的试卷中。（in）anoceanof,或（in）oceansof是介词短语，口语中常用，意为“极多的，用不尽的”，在of后接不可数名词或可数名词复数形式均可。例如：Hethinkshehasoceansoftime.他认为他有用不尽的时间。,【模拟试题】I.英汉词组互译：1.属于的_2.myfavoriteauthor_3.报警_4.beextremelyworried_,5.从逃走_6.swiminanoceanofpaper_7.假装睡着_8.useup_9.becarefulof_10.由于_,II.单项选择（）1.“_answerthisquestioninEnglish?”“No,you_.You_answeritinChinese.”A.May,neednt,canB.Must,neednt,mayC.May,mustnt,couldD.Must,mustnt,can,（）2.LiuMeisnameisonthebag.It_hers.A.wasB.hasbeenC.mustbeD.willbe（）3.Dickisntatschooltoday.He_illathome.A.maybeB.maybeC.wasD.cantbe,（）4.Myfriendhaslosthisbluebike.Thisone_his.A.maybeB.mustbeC.mightbeD.is（）5.Who_thisbuildingbelongto?A.isB.doesC.wasD.has,（）6.Thereis_snowandits_coldthiswinter.A.toomuch,toomuchB.toomuch,muchtooC.muchtoo,muchtooD.muchtoo,toomuch,（）7.Thisgirl_veryclever.A.usedtobeB.usetobeC.usedbeD.usedtois（）8.“Whatareyou_?”“Im_mybackpack,Icant_it.”A.lookfor,find,lookforB.finding,finding,lookforC.lookingfor,lookingfor,findD.finding,lookingfor,find,（）9.What_inBellTowerNeighborhoodthistimeyesterday?A.happenedB.washappenedC.washappeningD.ishappening（）10.“MaybethiscoatisLiXias”means“_”.A.ThiscoatmustbeLiXiasB.ThiscoatmustbelongtoLiXiaC.ThiscoatcantbeLiXiasD.ThecoatmaybeLiXias,（）11.“ThevolleyballmustbelongtoCarla.”means“_”.A.CarlasnameisonthevolleyballB.CarlahasavolleyballC.ThevolleyballmustbeCarlasD.Thatcantbecarlasvolleyball,（）12.MarkTwainisMarys_author.A.famousB.favoriteC.differentD.strange（）13.Ireallyneedmyglasses_Illhaveamathtestonalgebratomorrow.A.ifB.whenC.soD.because,（）14.“Whatdoyouthinkterrifiedmean?”Ithinkitmeans“_”.A.afraidB.happyC.gladD.sad,（）15.“_magazinedoyouthinkitis?”ItmustbeGraces.A.WhereB.WhichC.WhoseD.How（）16.A:WheresRose?B:Imnotsure.She_inthelibrary.A.isB.mightbeC.mustbe,（）17.A:MydaughterjustgotascholarshiptoStanford!B:You_beproudofher.A.couldB.mustC.might（）18.A:HowdoesSheilagettoschool?B:Idontreallyknow.She_thebus.A.mighttakeB.takesC.musttake,（）19.A:IsMyrnaworkinginthecitytoday?B:She_Imnotsure.A.couldB.couldhaveC.couldbe（）20.A:DoesLuciastillshareahousewithhissister?B:Idontknow.He_.A.mightbeB.mightC.mighthave?,III.假设你捡到了一个钱包，其中包含以下物品，请选择最佳答案1.adriverslicensewithafemalephotoandnameTheownerofthepurse_awoman.A.couldbeB.isC.maybe,2.acombwithgrayhairsShe_anolderwoman.A.couldbeB.mightbeC.mustbe,3.agovernmentemployeeIDcardShe_forthegovernment.A.couldworkB.mayworkC.mustwork,4-5.alotofkeysandcomputerdisksThe_asecretary.A.couldbeB.isC.mustbeShe_acomputer.A.doesntuseB.mustuseC.uses,6.picturesofchildrenThechildren_hergrandchildren,orthey_herniecesandnephews.A.areB.couldbeC.mightbe7.aglasscaseShe_wearglasses,butthecase_beforsunglasses.A.couldB.mayC.must,8.abankstatementshowingabalanceof$0.She_anymoneyinthebank,butshe_anotheraccount.A.couldhaveB.doesnthaveC.musthave9.anIrishpassportfullofstamps.She_beAmerican.She_travelalot.A.mightB.mustC.mustnot,10.asmallhandgunShe_workforthepolice.She_beaspy.A.couldB.mightC.must,IV.Usingthefollowinginformationandpictures,completeeachsentencewithcould,may,might,ormustintheprogressive.Becarefulsomeofthemarenegative.,Jonathan,acollegestudent,arrivesathisfamilyshometopayhisfamilyasurprisevisit.Hesworriedbecausenooneisthere.Ashelooksaroundthehouse,hesguessingwhathisfamilymembersaredoingandwhattheyweredoingrightbeforehearrived.,Presentprogressive:tomakeaguessordrawaconclusionaboutsomethinginprogressatthetimeofspeaking1.Dadsometimestakesanafternoonnap.He_,2.ButDadsshoesarentbythefrontdoor.Whenhecomeshome,Dadalwaystakesoffhisshoesandleavesthembythefrontdoor.He_,3.Thegrocerylistisnotontherefrigerator,wheremysisteralwaysputsit.Shedoesthefamilysgroceryshoppingeveryweek.Mysister_4.Butthefamilycarandmysistersbicycleareinthegarage.Mysister_,5.Myfamilywalksthedogeveryday.Sparky,thefamilypet,isnthere.Mymom,dad,sister,andbrotherarenthere.Thecarandbikesareinthegarage.Everybody_,V.Lookatthefollowingpictures.Whatdoyouthinkthesepicturesare?Writeyourideasusingmight、Could,maymust.1.Itmightbeamanridingahorse._2._,3._4._5._,VI.UnscramblethefollowingstatementsEXAMPLE:Leehasntsmiledallday.a/bad/be/he/in/mood/must/Hemustbeinabadmood.1.EverytimeIseeGigi,sheseatingacandybar.chocolate/like/must/she_,2.EverydayJuliawearsawhitedresswithwhitestockingsandshoestoclass.a/be/might/nurse/she_,3.Juanalwayscarriesahelmet.a/he/motorcycle/must/ride_4.OlegandNatalyahavethesamelastnameandcometoclasstogether.be/must/related/they_,5.Olegis19yearsold,andNatalyais27.be/couldnt/mother/Natalya/Olegs_,6.IsLinsstudygroupgoingtomeetthisweek?Idontknow.because/is/Lin/not/might/sick/it_7.Jacquesgetsupinthemiddleofclassandleavestheroom.he/know/may/not/rude/thats_,VII.根据汉语完成句子1.这本法语书一定是李英的，因为她是我们班唯一一个正在学法语的人。ThisFrenchbook_LiYingsbecauseshe