一般现在时一般过去时.ppt

一般现在时,定义:一般现在时。表示通常性、规律性、习惯性的状态或者动作（有时间规律发生的事件）的一种时间状态,具体运用,1.表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率的时间状语连用。时间状语：always,usually,everymorning/night/evening/day/week/year,often,sometimes,twiceaweek,seldom,onceamonth,onSundayse.g.Ileavehomeforschoolat7:00everymorning.Igetupatsixinthemorning.,2.表示客观事实和普遍真理。e.gTheearthmovesaroundthesun.ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.3表示格言或警句中。e.gPridegoesbeforeafall.骄者必败。注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例：Columbusprovedthattheearthisround.,表达方法,主要通过谓语动词的变化和用时间词语来表示，其中最主要的是谓语动词的变化。一般现在时动词变化的规则是：,1.如果主语是名词复数和第一人称I、we，谓语动词不用做任何变化，即仍然用动词原形表示：例1)Weusuallygotoschoolat7:30.2)Myparentsgivetenyuantomysistereveryweek.,2.主语是任何一个单数名词或者是第三人称单数，谓语动词要进行必要的变化。特别提一点：不可数名词也算作单数处理。,1、一般动词，在词尾加s;如：work-works,live-lives,play-plays,sing-sings.eg:ShelivesinNingbo.2、当动词以s，ch,o,sh结尾时，词尾加-es，如词尾为e，只加-s.读作/iz/如：teach-teaches,wash-washes.go-goespass-passeseg:Mymotherwashesthecoat.,行为动词do一般现在时第三人称单（he,she,it)的构成规则：,动词变化规律,3.以辅音字母加y结尾的词，把y变i在加es，读作z,Studyfly,studies,flied,4.以辅音字母+o结尾的词，一般情况是在词尾加es读作z,godo,goes,does,5.特殊情况：,havehas,EX21.Tomoften_(get)upatsixinthemorning2.Theearth_(go)aroundthesun.3.Marysparent_(live)inBeijing.4.She_(draw)verywell.,Ex1.写出下列词的单三形式：look;go;give;fly;have,looks;goes;gives;flies;has,gets,goes,lives,draws,否定句型,1.谓语动词含有助动词，be动词、或者情态动词时，在其后加not.Iamnotatcollege.Mr.Wangisnt50yearsold.TheJacksonsdoesnthavetwosons.Youmaynotgonow.,2.谓语动词是实义动词，是在谓语动词前加donot或doesnot，谓语动词改用动词原型。Idonthavelunchathome.Theydontplaybasketballonthesportsground.Mr.JimmydoesntknowFrench.,Ex1.将下列各句从肯定式改为否定式,ItalktoPeterbecauseIlikehim.KatecomesfromAmerica.KateworkswithPeterIamChinese,andIamastudent.Theyknoweachother.,IdonttalktoPeterbecauseIdontlikehim.,KatedoesntcomefromAmerica.KatedoesntworkwithPeter.,IamnotChinese,andIamnotastudent,Theydontknoweachother.,概念：用yes或no来回答的疑问句叫做一般疑问句。,一般疑问句,Iamateacher.Youareaworker.Heisastudent.Wearefriends.,1.对于BE动词，疑问句要求把BE提前，第一人称的单数和复数（I/WE），第一变成第二人称。,疑问句,Areyouateacher?Areyouaworker?Isheastudent?Areyoufriends?,Ex1.请做练习,1.HerparentsliveinShanghai.否:Herparents_inShanghai.疑：_herparents_inShanghai?.2.YoustudyEnglish.否：You_studyEnglish.疑：youstudyEnglish?3.HowoftenTomfootball?A.is,playB.do,playC.does,playD.does,plays,dontlive,Do,live,Dont,Do,C,2.对于实意动词，疑问句要求是：当主语是他(he)，她(she)，它(it)时，句子前面加DOES，并把动词恢复原形；当主语是其他人称时，句前加DO，第一人(I/we)称换第二人称(you)。,Ioftengothere.Youlikethemusic.Hegoestoworkbybus.We/You/Theylikeit.,Doyouoftengothere?Doyoulikethemusic.?Doeshegotoworkbybus?Doyou/theylikeit?,1.Igoestoschoolatsixeveryday.2.Hedontlikeplayingfootball.3.Theylikesplayinggames.4.DamingwatchsTVintheevening.5.Doesheusuallyhasaparty?6.WhatdotheyonSunday?7.Whattheyeatintheparty?8.Lilyhaveslunchatschool.,go,doesnt,like,watches,have,do,do,has,用所给动词的正确形式填空：1.Weoften_(play)intheplayground.2.Sheoften_(watch)TVwithherdog.3.Theearth_(go)aroundthesun.4.Mymother_look)aftermylittlesisterathome.5.Lucy_(have)somefriendshere.6.FangMing_(notlike)riceatall.7.We_(go)toschoolat7:30inthemorning.8.Maryseldom_(come)here.9.Heruncleoften_(drive)toBeijing.10.Tom_(want)_(work)inHainan.,play,watches,looks,doesntlike,has,go,comes,wants,drives,towork,goes,什么是一般过去时？,动词的一般过去时态表示过去发生的动作、情况或存在的状态。,行为动词(即实义动词)的过去式没有人称和数的变化。,所有时态都是通过动词变化来表现的,谓语构成,1.动词be2.动词have,has3.助动词do,does4.行为动词用过去式,was,were,had,did,一般过去时以动词的过去式来表示，没有人称和数的变化.(was,were除外),Iwenttoschoolyesterday.Theywenttoschoolyesterday.,一般过去时的谓语构成：由动词的过去式构成,规则变化1.一般加ed,2.以e结尾加d,3.末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加ed.,work,worked,change,changed,prefer,preferred,stop,stopped,4.以辅音字母加y结尾的词,先改y为i,再加ed,study,studied,规则动词过去式-ed的发音,1.在以清辅音结尾的规则动词后,-ed读作/t/,work/w3:k/,ed,t/,2.在以浊辅音或元音结尾的规则动词后,-ed读作/d/,play/pleI/,live/lIv/,ed,d/,ed,d/,3.在以/t/或/d/结尾的规则动词后,-ed读作/Id/,visit/vIzIt/,ed,Id/,finishedenjoyedshoutedmoved,helpedwantedcalledneeded,/t/,/d/,/Id/,/d/,/d/,/t/,/Id/,/Id/,was,were,became,began,bent,blew,bought,could,caught,chose,came,cut,did,drew,drank,ate,felt,found,flew,forgot,got,gave,went,grew,had,heard,hurt,kept,knew,learned,learnt,let,lay,made,might,meant,met,must,put,read,rode,rang,ran,said,saw,should,sang,sat,slept,spoke,spent,swept,1.look2.live3.stop4.go5.hope6.trip7.call8.eat9.want10.are,11.go12.have13.do14.gete16.say17.see18.put19.read20.take,looked,lived,stopped,went,hoped,tripped,called,ate,wanted,were,went,has,did,got,came,said,saw,put,read,took,写出下列动词的过去式,21.buy22.sing23.hear24.make25.find26.break27.think28.fall29.write30.be,bought,made,found,broke,thought,fell,wrote,was/were,sang,heard,1.在过去某一时间内发生的动作：,Hegothomeattenoclocklastnight.,2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作,常与often，always等表示频度的间状语连用：,Ioftengotupveryearlyatthattime.,用法,3.表示已故人所做的事情。,ComradeLeiFengdidgooddeedsinhislife.雷锋同志做了一生的好事。,4.表示过去所发生的一系列的动作,而这一系列的动作是从现在的角度来考虑的,不是从动作相互之间的关系这一角度来考虑的。,MissLiugotupatsevenoclockthismorning,dressed,hadbreakfast,andwenttowork.,1.与ago连用：amomenttwominutesthreehoursfivedaysoneweeksixmonthsfouryears,ago,用于一般过去时的时间状语,last,timenightweekmonthtermMonday,yesterday,morningafternoonevening,thedaybeforeyesterday,2.与last连用,3.与yesterday连用：,4.与one连用：,one,morningeveningdayMondayafternoon,5.与that连用：,that,morningwinterdayyear,justnowintheolddaysinthosedaysin1980theotherdayatthattimeonceuponatime,6.其他时间状语：,行为动词一般过去时的否定式,一般过去时的否定式是在动词原形前加助动词didnot(didnt).,主语+didnt+动词原形,I_themthenews.,I_(tell)themthenewsyesterday.,didnttell,told,行为动词一般过去时的疑问式,一般过去时的一般疑问式在句首加助动词did,Did+主语+动词原形？,They_(finish)theirworkatfour.一般疑问句:,_they_theirworkatfour?Yes,they_.No,they_.,finished,Did,finish,did,didnt,行为动词一般过去时的疑问式,一般过去时的特殊疑问式,疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？,Theyfinishedtheirworkatfour.,A,B,对划线部分提问A:B:,Whatdid