第一章 植物发育生物学概述.ppt

幻灯制作和修改：Prof.孟金陵，Dr.龙艳葛贤宏gexianhon13419668810,植物发育生物学PlantDevelopmentalBiology,需要具备的基本知识,植物学、植物生理学、植物生物化学、遗传学、细胞生物学。中心法则？DNA，基因，基因结构，基因克隆？基因表达，基因表达调控？基因组学、表观遗传学？,WhatisDevelopmentalBiology?,生长，分化，发育，系统发育，进化？,Development！,AnimalAnatomy（动物解剖学）,Theconceptofdevelopmentalbiologyfromanimaltoplant,AnimalAnatomy,Theconceptofdevelopmentalbiologyfromanimaltoplant,AnimalEmbryology（动物胚胎学）,Theconceptofdevelopmentalbiologyfromanimaltoplant,个体发育过程是对系统发育过程的重演.,Haeckel,Theconceptofdevelopmentalbiologyfromanimaltoplant,生物个体如何从受精卵而来？,ThomasMorgan,Theconceptofdevelopmentalbiologyfromanimaltoplant,ThomasMorgan,Genetics,Sexallinkedinheritance,Genetics,Sexallinkedinheritance,Biochemistry,动物解剖学,生物化学,动物胚胎学,遗传学,Theconceptofdevelopmentalbiologyfromanimaltoplant,AnimalEmbryology,Biochemistry,AnimalAnatomy,Genetics,Theconceptofdevelopmentalbiologyfromanimaltoplant,AnimalEmbryology(胚胎学）,AnimalAnatomy动物解剖学,DevelopmentalBiology(Animal),Genetics,Theconceptofdevelopmentalbiologyfromanimaltoplant,Biochemistry,Adisciplinestudyingpatternformationandorgandevelopmentinanimal,1950s,Adisciplinestudyingpatternformationandorgandevelopmentinanimal,1980s,AnimalEmbryology,AnimalAnatomy,DevelopmentalBiology(Animal),Genetics,MolecularBiology,Biochemistry,1950s,母源效应基因,缝隙基因,配对法则基因,分节极性基因,AnimalEmbryology,AnimalAnatomy,Genetics,MolecularBiology,Biochemistry,WhynotPlantinmost20thcentury?,Theconceptofdevelopmentalbiologyfromanimaltoplant,1980s,1950s,Adisciplinestudyingpatternformationandmechanismofdevelopmentinanimal,DevelopmentalBiology(Animal),Anatomy,Question1:Howdoplantsdevelop?,Open,Question:Howdoplantsdevelop?,PlantEmbryology,植物发育具有以下特点：,植物是一种形态学上简单的有机体；植物细胞具有全能性；植物既可以用孢子，也可以用配子进行生殖；高等植物中具有双受精现象；植物胚胎发生完成于休眠种子的形成；高等植物的胚形成两个具有不同发育命运的器官系统；植物具有无限的发育程序；植物的形态建成在没有细胞移动的情况下进行；环境因子在植物发育中扮演主要的角色,植物开花和花型决定,碳氮比假说,光周期调控,激素作用,“成花素”,春化作用,植物开花基因调控网络,花器官决定的ABC模型,ABCD模型,ABCDE模型,Botany,Theconceptofdevelopmentalbiologyfromanimaltoplant,DevelopmentalBiology(Animal),Endof20thcentury,PlantDevelopmentalBiology,Botany,Theconceptofdevelopmentalbiologyfromanimaltoplant,Endof20thcentury,PlantDevelopmentalBiology,AnimalDevelopmentalBiology,DevelopmentalBiology,Adisciplinestudyingpatternformationandmechanismofdevelopmentinanimals.,Theconceptofdevelopmentalbiologyfromanimaltoplant,Endof20thcentury,PlantDevelopmentalBiology,AnimalDevelopmentalBiology,DevelopmentalBiology,PlantDevelopmentalBiology,Endof20thcentury,Books?,植物发育分子生物学严海艳，2012,PlantCell,PlantJournal,Cell,Nature,Science,Journal,PlantDevelopmentalBiology,PlantDevelopmentalBiology,Endof20thcentury,WhatisDevelopmentalBiology?,Theconceptofdevelopmentalbiologyfromanimaltoplant,WhatisDevelopmentalBiology?,WhystudyPlantDevelopmentalBiology?,PlantDevelopmentalBiology,WhatisDevelopmentalBiology?,WhystudyPlantDevelopmentalBiology?,ForcompletingthestudyofBiologicalScienceandTechnology,PlantDevelopmentalBiology,PlantPhysiology,ReproductiveBiology,Botany,PlantBiochemistry,Genetics,WhystudyPlantDevelopmentalBiology?,Acut-edgedisciplineinLifeScience,Acut-edgedisciplineinLifeScience,植物重要器官分化和形态建成的分子机制,附件1：国家重点基础研究发展计划和重大科学研究计划2013年重要支持方向农业科学领域1.主要农作物生殖发育的分子机理和提高杂种优势利用效率的研究2.作物脂肪酸和特殊营养成分形成和调控的分子机理研究3.作物器官衰老的分子基础及其对产量、品质性状形成的调控研究4.农业动物繁殖力和优良生产性状遗传机理研究5.农业动物安全高效养殖的基础研究6.提高草原生产力和农田水分、养分高效利用的基础研究7.农林有害生物的生物学防治机理和综合控制8.真菌利用与病原性真菌防控的生物学研究,WhatisDevelopmentalBiology?,WhystudyPlantDevelopmentalBiology?,Lectures:32hrs,HowtostudyPlantDevelopmentalBiology?,PlantDevelopmentalBiology,第一部分：植物生殖发育,1.导言2.植物发育生物学研究方法3.植物开花决定与花型决定4.高等植物的性别决定和生殖器官的发育5.植物的传粉和受精6.植物胚胎发育7.植物果实发育,Thelectureswillgoonby-,Studylively!,LiteraturereadingGroupdiscussionOralpresentation,Askingquestions,Teachings,20