3DEC数值模拟方法ppt课件

.,3DEC数值模拟方法,2013武汉依泰斯卡(武汉）咨询有限公司,.,提纲3DEC(5.0)软件特点3DEC(5.0)理论基础3DEC(5.0)新功能3DEC(5.0)算例分析,.,提纲3DEC(5.0)软件特点3DEC(5.0)理论基础3DEC(5.0)新功能3DEC(5.0)算例分析,.,Whatis3DEC?,ADistinctElementcodethatallowsthesimulationoftheinteractionofblockse.g.jointedrockmass,masonrywall,.,Whatis3DEC?,DiscontinuitiesareregardedasdistinctboundaryinteractionsbetweenblocksContactsareautomaticallyupdatedascalculationprogresseslargedisplacementsareallowedNon-linearforcedisplacementbehaviormaybeassignedtocontacts(joints),.,Whatis3DEC?,3DECblocksarerigidordeformable,Deformableblocksareautomaticallymeshedwithtetrahedratosimulateanon-linearcontinuum,.,Whatis3DEC?,Solvesthefulldynamicequationsofmotionevenforquasi-staticproblemsAllowsforlargedisplacements,rotationsanddynamicanalyses,.,Whatis3DEC?,3DECisbestsuitedtomodelingdiscontinuousmaterials(containingmanyintersectingdiscontinuitiesin3D),thatexhibitnonlinearbehavior,.,矿层分布模型,地质构造分布,开挖后对地表建筑物的影响,屈服矿柱分布情况,矿山开采稳定性分析研究,当前开采条件下矿柱几乎没有屈服断层影响不大,.,矿藏分布三维模型,拉底步骤,矿岩三维节理模型,拉底后矿岩出露模型,矿岩崩落数值模拟,对崩落速度和规模进行预测,.,崩落过程模拟,.,NuclearWasteDisposal,Shotcrete,Concrete,Canistercover,Localizationinclaystoneat6months,Claystone,ReproducedwithpermissionofANDRA,.,HydraulicFracture,DiscreteFractureNetwork,Fracturedreservoirmodel,.,HydraulicFracture,FluidpressureinjointsduringinjectionTopportionofreservoirhiddenforeaseofviewing,.,Microseismicity,Fracturedrockvolumeloadedaxiallywith10MPaconfiningstress,100m,.,FundamentalRockMechanics,Simulatedunconfinedcompressiontestoncrystallinerocksample,Displacements,Grainstructure,Exaggerateddeformation,.,SlopeStability,AutomaticFactorofSafetycalculationfor3DslopesUsesShearStrengthReductionmethod,AbutmentstabilityassessmentatHongricharchdam1,1Kolijietal,2001.Int.J.Hydropowerincludingcompletedetachmentrecognizesnewinteractions(contact)automaticallyasthecalculationprogressesAdiscreteelementcodewillembodyanefficientalgorithmfordetectingandclassifyingcontacts.Itwillmaintainadatastructureandmemoryallocationschemethatcanhandlemanyhundredsorthousandsofdiscontinuitiesorcontacts.,Thename“DistinctElementMethod”isusedforaDEMthatusesanexplicitdynamicsolutiontoNewtonslawsofmotion.,*Cundall,P.A.,andR.D.Hart.”NumericalModelingofDiscontinua,”EngineeringComputations,9(2),101-113(1992),.,Finiteelementcodesformodeling“discontinua”areoftenmodifiedcontinuumprograms,whichcannothandlegeneralinteractiongeometry(e.g.manyintersectingjoints).Theirefficiencymaydegeneratedrasticallywhenconnectionsarebrokenrepeatedly.,.,DistinctElementMethod,Threeaspects.GeometryContactmechanicsSolidbodymechanics,.,DistinctElementMethod,GeometrySpecificationofshapesin2and3dimensionsInteractionofpairsofcontactingblocksorparticlesIdentificationofcontactcharacterbetween2blocks,.,DistinctElementMethod,Specificationofshapesin2and3dimensions2andkiisthemeasureofstiffnessoftheelementssurroundingthenode.Forcalculationsoftheinter-blockrelativedisplacement,thelimitingtimestepiswhereMministhemassofthesmallestblockinthesystem;andKministhemaximumcontactstiffness.Thecontrollingtimestepis,.,54/160,MECHANICALDAMPING,MechanicaldampingisusedinUDECforstatic(non-inertial)solutionsandfordynamicsolutions.Forstaticanalysis,theapproachissimilarto“dynamicrelaxation.”Theequationsofmotionaredampedtoreachaforceequilibriumstateasquicklyaspossibleundertheappliedinitialandboundaryconditions.,.,55/160,DYNAMICRELAXATION,Indynamicrelaxationblocks(andgridpoints)aremovedaccordingtoNewtonslawofmotion.TheequationsofmotionaredampedtoreachaforceequilibriumstateasquicklyaspossibleDampingisvelocity-proportionali.e.,themagnitudeofthedampingforceisproportionaltothevelocityoftheblocks.Velocity-proportionaldampingintroducesbodyforcesthatcanaffectthesolution.UDECprovidestwodifferenttypesofdampingtominimizethisproblemforstaticanalysis:adaptiveglobaldamping(DAMPauto)localdamping(DAMPlocal),.,56/160,ADAPTIVEGLOBALDAMPING,Adaptiveglobaldampingisaservo-mechanismusedtoadjustthedampingconstantautomaticallysuchthatthepowerabsorbedbydampingisproportionaltotherateofchangeofkineticenergyinthesystem.Adjustmentoftheviscosityconstantismadebyanumericalservo-mechanismthatseekstokeeptheratio,R,equaltoagivenratio(e.g.,0.5).,.,Dampingforcesareintroducedtotheequationsofmotion:whereFiistheunbalancedforce,57/160,LOCALDAMPING,Thedampingforce,Fdis:,InUDECtheunbalancedforceratio(ratioofunbalancedforce,Fi,totheappliedforcemagnitude,Fm)ismonitoredtodeterminethestaticstate.Bydefault,whenFi/Fm10-5inUDECthenthemodelisconsideredtobeinanequilibriumstate.,Thedampingforceatagridpointisproportionaltothemagnitudeoftheunbalancedforcewiththesignsettoensurethatvibrationalmodesaredamped.,.,58/160,BASISOFSTATICSOLUTIONSINUDEC,Theunbalancedforceratio(ratioofunbalancedforce,Fi,totheappliedforcemagnitude,Fm)ismonitoredtodeterminethestaticstate.Boththeadaptiveglobaldampingandlocaldampingdynamicsolutionmethodsprovideastaticsolution(withtheeffectofinertialforcesminimized)providedtheunbalancedforceratioreachesasmallvalue.Thisiscomparabletothe“levelofresidualerror”or“convergencecriterion”definedformatrixsolutionmethodsusedinmanyfiniteelementprograms.InUDEC,theleveloferrorisquantifiedbytheunbalancedforceratio.InbothUDECandFEsolutions,thestaticsolutionprocessterminateswhentheerrorisbelowadesiredvalue.,.,59/160,Comparisonofadaptiveglobaldampingandlocaldamping,Asimpleexample:tenblocksslideonaroughbase*,Velocityproportionaltoout-of-balanceforcewithproportionalityconstantDynamicrelaxationwithstandardvelocity-proportionaldampingAdaptiveglobaldampingLocaldamping,*,.,60/160,MASS(DENSITY)SCALING,Forstaticanalysis,materialinertialmassescanbescaledsothatlocalcriticaltimestepsareincreased.Thevalueofinertialmassisirrelevanttomodelingstaticsystems,providedgravityforcesarecorrectlypreserved.(Notethatgravitationalmassesarenotaffected.)Criticaltimestepcanbeincreasedbecauseitisproportionalto.Theprocedure,called“densityscaling,”scalestheinertialdensityofblocksorzonesbasedontheiraverageblock,orzone,mass.DensityscalingisinvokedwiththeMSCALEcommand.Itisturnedonautomaticallywheneverlocaldampingoradaptiveglobaldampingisused.,.,提纲3DEC(5.0)软件特点3DEC(5.0)理论基础3DEC(5.0)新功能3DEC(5.0)算例分析,.,FullFeaturesof3DEC,1、Discontinuousmediummodeledasanassemblageofconvexpolyhedraorconcavepolyhedra(formedbyjoiningtogetherconvexpolyhedra);blocksmayberigidordeformable2、Discontinuitiestreatedasboundaryconditionsbetweenblocks3、Motionalongdiscontinuitiesgovernedbylinearandnon-linearforce-displacementrelationsformovementsinboththenormalandsheardirection4、Materialmodelsinclude:elastic,anisotropic,Mohr-Coulomb,DruckerPrager,bilinearplasticity,strainsoftening,creep,anduser-defined5、Modelingattributesmayincludeabsorbingboundariesandwaveinputforfullydynamicresponse;nullblocksforexcavationandbackfillsimulation;structuralelementswithgeneralcouplingtoblocks,.,6、Extensive,fastinteractivemenu-based3DOpenGLon-screengraphics.Availableplotsinclude:jointstructure;blockstructure;displacementandvelocityvectorsandcontours;jointplanedisplacementsandstresses;structuralelementdisplacementsandstresses;and,fluidflowaperturesandvelocities.Hardcopygraphicsareavailableinseveralindustrystandardformats7、UtilitiesincludeapreprocessorthatreadsAutoCADfilesandoutputs3DECdatafilesforpolyhedrageneration;tunnelgeneratorandstatistically-basedjoint-setgenerator8、Built-inprogramminglanguage(FISH)providespowerfulflexibilitytocustomizeanalyses9、Explicittimemarchingsolutionthatprovidesrealisticpath-dependentpostpeakfailurebehaviorinjointsandplasticzones,FullFeaturesof3DEC,.,10、Modelinginfinitedomainproblemsusinginner/outerregioncouplingandautomaticradially-gradedmeshgeneration11、Effectivestresscalculationperformedusingpore-pressuregradients12、Jointfluidflowwiththermalandmechanicalcoupling13、Structuralelementswithcables,beams,andliners14、Singleprecision,doubleprecision,and64bitversionsaresupplied15、Automaticmeshgenerationinfullydeformableblocks16、Automatictimestepcalculation,FullFeaturesof3DEC,.,1、Improvedperformancea.Multi-threadedstressandcontactcalculations,2-3timesfasteronanIntel4-coreprocessorb.Improvedcompileroptimizationsc.Unjoin/Deletehasbeenspedupbyafactorof100.d.Fasterjoinedgridpointlogic2、ImprovedProjectsupportintheuserinterfacea、Pack/UnpackBundleofallfilesassociatedwithaprojectb、Canbesavedforarchive,orsentforsupportc、Builtintexteditorperformsbetteronlargefilesd、ContextSensativehelpforcommands(F1)intexteditor,NeworImprovedFeaturesin3DEC5.0,.,3、Command-lineUNDOa.Undoanynumberofcommandsgiveninteractivelysincelastsavepointb.Implementedbyplayingbackarecordkeptofallinputc.Allfilesaffectingthemodelstatekeptaspartoftherecordd.ModelStatepaneinGUIshowsrecord,allowscopy/paste4、ImprovementstoEulerequationsofmotiontoincludesecondordertermsforfastrotationofrigidblocks5、NewWALLblocktype.Calculationsforwallmotionandwalltowallcontactsareskippedtospeedupmodelruns6、AdditionalcontrolkeywordsforSolveFOS,NeworImprovedFeaturesin3DEC5.0,.,7、FISHImprovementsa.Command-linedebuggingb.Improvederrormessagesc.Dynamicarraysd.Zonefielddatafunctionse.C+FISHintrinsicplug-insf.Unlimited(subjecttomemorylimitations)FISHextravariablesforblocks,zones,gridpoints,contactsandsubcontactsg.InlineFISH-executeonelineFISHprogramsasaparameterinacommandh.CancreatelocalvariablesduringtheLOOPcommand,NeworImprovedFeaturesin3DEC5.0,.,7、FISHImprovementsi.EXITLOOPtobreakoutofaloopj.CONTINUEtoskiptheremainingcodeinaloopk.ELSEIFl.Commandprocessorparsesnestedfunctionsorarrayswithargumentscorrectlym.Commandprocessorcanbeusedtoassignvectorvaluesf.FISHfileopennowsupportsappendg.FISHarrayswillreferencecount,anddeletethemselvesifnointernalorexternalsymbolsreferencethem,NeworImprovedFeaturesin3DEC5.0,.,8、Newgeometrylogica.Specifygeometricdataseparatefromthemodelb.CanbeusedwithRanges,PlottingandhasfullFISHaccessc.Import/Export3DsurfacesinDXForSTLformats(andtwoItascadefinedformats)d.Create,modifyandmanipulategeometricsurfaceswithFISHe.Paintmodeldataontogeometricsurfaces,forcontouringf.Builtinabilitytoassigngroupsbasedoncountingprojectionintersections,similartoSpaceRanger.Availableforblocks,zones,gridpoints,contactsandsub-contactsg.Multipleextravariablesandgroupscanbeassignedtogeometrynodes,edges,andpolygons.,NeworImprovedFeaturesin3DEC5.0,.,9、PlottingImprovementsa.Zoneplottingcapabilityi.Zonegroupsii.Isosurfacesofzoneorgridpointdata,NeworImprovedFeaturesin3DEC5.0,.,9、PlottingImprovementsb.Detachable（可分开）panesintheuserinterfacec.Plotjointpropertiesd.Improvedmousecontrolsforviewmanipulatione.Rightmouseforallcameramodification,lefttointeractwithplot/modelf.Lightingg.NewPlotExportoptionsi.Postscriptii.VRML,whichcanbeimportedintoAcrobat3Diii.SVG(ScalableVectorGraphic)iv.DXF,NeworImprovedFeaturesin3DEC5.0,.,h.NewContourRamps（斜面）addedasoptionstoContourplotsi.RetooledUserDefinedDatai.Multipleextravariablesandgroupscanbeassignedtoeachii.MultipleImport/Exportformatsj.Additionalscalarsaddedtolistofvaluesplottedfromstress,straintensorsk.Improvedqualityofprintedoutputi.Legends,charts,etc.aredrawnatprinternativeresolutionii.Reducedchanceofdifferencesbetweenwhatisonthescreenandwhatisonthepage,NeworImprovedFeaturesin3DEC5.0,.,l.EqualangleStereonet（立体图）ofprincipalstress/strainorientations,joints,andFISHextravariablesm.Paintingofcalculatedresultsonimportedgeometricsurfaces,NeworImprovedFeaturesin3DEC5.0,.,10、DiscreteFractureNetworksupporta.Generation,Import,Export,Plotting,etcb.BlockscanbecutusingDFNgeometryc.Differentjointpropertiescanbeappliedonthejointplanesoutsideoftheinitialfractureextentstoenablefracturepropagation,NeworImprovedFeaturesin3DEC5.0,.,11、DENSIFYcommanda.Usesexternallydefinedsurfacestodefine3DECblockgeometryb.Subdividearangeofblocksintosmallerblocksc.Octreeblockingcapability,NeworImprovedFeaturesin3DEC5.0,.,12、Watertabledefinitionfromgeometry(e.g.importeddxf)13、INSITUcommandcanspecifyprincipalstresses14、FullUnicodesupport15、Warningdialogboxa.Warningsareaccumulatedinapop-upboxthatdoesnotstopcommandprocessingb.Awarningleveltolerancetocausethedialogtoappearcanbedefined16、ImprovedCALLcommanda.Canstartatagivenline,oratalabelinthefileb.CanstartmultiplefilesinonecommandExample:callfirst.datline30callsecond.datlabellable1,NeworImprovedFeaturesin3DEC5.0,第一个文件名,从第30行开始执行,第二个文件名,从标签lable处开始执行,注：指定标签时，“:label”必须放在行首,.,17、DENSIFYcommand18、CopytoClipboardoptionaddedtotheobjectqueryInformationBox,NeworImprovedFeaturesin3DEC5.0,.,18、DatainExcelSpreadsheet19、Environmentvariableexpansioninsidestrings20、GUIcommandallowssavingprojectfileduringbatchprocessing21、Built-intexteditorperformsbetteronlargefiles22、Programoptionalfeaturesmaynowbeleased23、Securitykeyupdatescannowbedonedirectlyin3DEC24、ImprovedSYSTEMcommanda.Canpassmultipletokens,andcanspecifyatimeoutduration25、Grouplogicavailableforblocks,zones,gridpoints,contactsandsubcontactsa.Unlimitednumberofgroupslotsb.Grouprangeelements,NeworImprovedFeaturesin3DEC5.0,.,提纲3DEC(5.0)软件特点3DEC(5.0)理论基础3DEC(5.0)新功能3DEC(5.0)算例分析,.,3DEC5.0GraphicsCapabilities,.,3DECMainWindow,Savedstates,Console,Elementinfomation,Datafiles,Plotviews,Plotitemlist,Caption,Legend,Viewinfomation,Attributes,Viewcontrol,Lables,.,3DECMainWindow,Filemenu,Editmenu,.,3DECMainWindow,Toolsmenu,.,3DECMainWindow,Layoutmenu,Panesmenu,Documentsmenu,Helpmenu,.,3DECMainWindow,Layoutmenu,Panesmenu,Documentsmenu,Helpmenu,.,3DECMainWindow,执行,新视图,复制视图,输出视图,操纵模式,查询模式,item,view,information,.,Terminologiesin3DEC,.,Termsdescribingtheattitudeofaninclinedplane,.,.,3DECFiles,ProjectFile(*.3dprj)Theprojectfilecontainsinformationrelatedtoaspecific3DECproject.Thisincludeslinkstothedatafileandsavefilerelatedtotheproject,theplotviewsgeneratedfortheprojectandtheguilayout.DataFile(*.3ddat)ASCIIfilelisting3DECcommandsthatrepresenttheproblembeinganalyzedSaveFile(*.3dsav)Binaryfilecontainingvaluesofallstatevariablesanduser-definedconditionsatstagethatfileissave