BETranslation8翻译之转译技巧

ConversionSkillinTranslation,翻译之转换技巧,Objectives,KnowledgeObjectives:LearnthedifferencesbetweenEnglishandChineseinlanguageuse;Understandthereasonwhyconversionisusedintranslation;AbilityObjectives:Canidentifythewordsorphrasesthatcanbeconverted;Canconsciouslyuseconversionskill.,Steps,Lead-inPractice,1.Rocketshavefoundapplicationfortheexplorationoftheuniverse.火箭已经用来探索宇宙。(n.v.)2.AllgovernmentintheUnitedStatesis“of,by,andforthepeople.”美国各级政府都是“民有、民治、民享”的政府。（prep.v.）3.Theapplicationofcomputersmakesatremendousriseinlaborproductivity.使用计算机可以极大地提高劳动生产率。（a.ad.)(n.v.),Lead-inPractice,4.Thesuccessfulcompletionofthebookistheresultofthecooperationandconfidenceofmanypeople.成功地完成本书的写作是许多人相互合作、坚信不疑的结果。(n.v.)5.YourrefusaltoamendtheL/Cisequivalenttothecancellationoftheorder.(n.)你方拒绝修改信用证，这无异于/（等于）取消订单。（n.v.）6.Pleaseletusknowifourtermsareacceptable.贵方是否接受我方条款，请告知。(a.v.),Lead-inPractice,7.Manisbecomingfullyawareoftheimportanceofprotectingtheenvironment.人类越来越充分地意识到保护环境的重要性。(a.v.)8.Themeetingisover.(prep.v.)9.Youcantimaginehowangryhewasatthenews.你想象不出他听到这个消息时是多么生气。（prep.v.),Lead-inPractice,10.Thisproductischaracterizedbyitsfineworkmanshipanddurability.此产品的特点是工艺精湛，经久耐用。11.Theysignedtwoagreementsthatservedtowarmuptheatmosphereoftheirrelations.他们签订了两个协议，目的是使彼此的关系热乎起来12.Theincreaseininternationalbusinesshascreatedaneedformanagerswithskillsincross-culturecommunication.国际贸易的增加需要具有跨文化交流技能的经理。,Conclusions,1).EnglishNouns(especiallythenounwithdynamicnotion)canbeconvertedintoverbsinE-Ctranslation.2).EnglishAdjectivescanbeconvertedintoverbs/nounsinE-Ctranslation.3).EnglishPrepositionscanbeconvertedintoverbsinE-Ctranslation.,Homework,1.ThesamplesondisplayattheFairarejustpartoftheproducts.2.Youcertainlyhavegotalargecollectionofsamplecarpetshere.3.And,thepreferenceforlocalsuppliersbyChinesejoint-venturepartnerslimitedcompetition.4.InadditiontoVW(Volkswagen),GeneralMotorshavetestedtheexportmarket,withtrialshipmentsofabout1,000Shanghai-madeChevroletVenturestothePhilippinesearlierthisyear.,Homework,5.Still,VWandGMofficialssaytheydonothavelarge-scaleexportplansanytimesoon.Eventhoughthegovernmenthaspromisedsupport,suchastaxbreaks,forcarandcomponentexporters.6.Chinasinsistencethatforeignfirmsformjointventureswithlocalcompaniesisalsoviewedasamajorobstacle.7.Foreigncarmakersseejointventures-inwhichtheyrelimitedtoa50percentstake-asanunavoidablecostofentrytotheChinamarket.8.Incompliancewithyourrequest,wearesendingherewiththenamesandaddressesofthemostreputedcompaniesinthiscity.,Homework,9.Wehavebeenexportersofvalvecoresformorethan20yearsandhavemanyconnectionsallovertheworld.10.Toacquaintyouwithourproducts,weencloseafullsetofcataloguescoveringvariousproductsbeinghandledbyuswithdetailsofspecificationsandmeansofpacking.11.Quotationsandsampleswillbesentuponreceiptofyourspecificenquires.12.Welookforwardtoyourearlyreplywithmuchinterest.13.100%cottonpyjamashavebeeningrowingdemandinthepastthreemonths.,ConversionofSentencePatterns,1.Ihopeyoudontfeellikeafishoutofwaterhere.（negative）希望你在这里不会如鱼离水般不自在。希望你在这里如鱼得水般自由自在。(positive)2.你所要的货今天下午上船。(active)Thegoodsyouorderedwillbeloadedonboardtheshipthisafternoon.(passive)3.Icouldntagreewithyouanymore.(negative)我完全赞同你的观点。(positive),ConversionofSentencePatterns,4.HeisthelastmanwithgoodmannersthatIveevermet.(positive)他是我所碰到的最没有风度的男人.(negative)5.Weonlyacceptpaymentbyirrevocableletterofcreditatsightratherthan/insteadofD/A(documentsagainst/foracceptance).(positive)我们只接受不可撤销即期信用证付款方式，而不接受承兑交单付款方式。(negative),ConversionofSentencePatterns,6.TheSellershallnotbeheldliableforthedelayinshipmentornon-deliveryofthegoodsundertheContractinconsequenceofForceMajeure,whichmightoccurduringtheprocessofmanufacturingorinthecourseofloadingortransit.(passivevoice)本合同所述的全部商品，在制造和装运过程，如因人力不可抗拒的原因，拖延装运或不能交货，则卖方概不负责。(activevoice),Conclusion,在进行英汉翻译时，为了更好地表达，即使翻译的句子更符合汉语表达习惯，不仅可以转换英语原文中的词性（词的类别），英语的句式也可以转换。这本身就是英汉两种语言差异所使然。DuetotremendousdifferencesbetweenEnglishandChinese,inEnglish-ChinesetranslationwecanchangethepartofspeechofwordsorthesentencepatternssoastomakeourtranslationsmorestandardinexpressionaccordingtoChinesecustom.,汉译英转换技巧的应用,前面讲英译汉要运用转换技巧，其实汉译英同样要考虑转换技巧。我们习惯了汉母语的思维，在写作或者翻译（汉译英）时往往下意识的就用汉语的思维习惯去组织英文句子，这样得出的句子往往是汉式的表达，而不是地道的英语表达。,C-ETranslationExamples,我打开窗子，让新鲜空气进来。1)Iopenthewindowtoletfreshairin.2)Iopenthewindowandletfreshaircomein.WhichoneisamoreidiomaticEnglishsentence?那个穿绿衣服的少女是英语系的学生。1）ThegirlingreenisastudentoftheEnglishDepartment.2)ThegirldressedingreenisastudentofEnglishdepartment.Whichoneismoreidiomatic?,C-ETranslationExamples,我们费了很大力气才解决了那些问题。1）Itwaswithgreateffortthatwesolvedthoseproblems.2)Itcostsusgreatefforttosolvethoseproblems.请告知大批订货的折扣。1)Pleasetellusyourdiscounttoplacealargeorder.2)Yourinformationastodiscountforalargeorderwouldbeappreciated.,C-ETranslationExamples,他书教得比我好。1）HeisabetterteacherthanI.2)Heteachesbetterthanme.他偶尔来我家坐坐。1）Heisanoccasionalvisitortoourhouse.2)Hesometimesvisitsmyhouse.他善于观察。1）Heisagoodobserver.Heisgoodatobserving.,C-ETranslationExamples,我既不喝酒，也不抽烟。1）Iamnodrinker,norsmoker.2)Idontdrink,nordoIsmoke.据我们了解，贵公司经营中国产品已有多年历史。1）WelearnthatyouhavebeendealerofChineseproductsformanyyears.2)Asfaraswelearn/knowthatyouhavedealtinChineseproductsformanyyears.我公司按照来函说明的条款，试订下列货物。1）Wehavedecidedtoplaceatrialorderforthefollowingonthetermsstatedinyourletter.,C-ETranslationExamples,2)Ourcompanyhasdecidedtotrytoorderthefollowingproductsonthetermsstatedinyourletter.白宫是美国总统居住和办公的地方。1）TheWhiteHouseisthehomeandofficeofthePresidentoftheUnitedStates.2)TheWhiteHo