定语从句 (2)

AttributiveClause,定语从句,定语从句在英语中，修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。例：ThegirlwhoisbehindthetreeisKate.Themanwhowasdrivingtoofastwasadrunk.,先行词和关系词先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。先行词、关系词/引导词,对等,代替Thatisthebikewhichmyfatherboughtforme.先行词关系词bike,关系词的作用：既引导定语从句，又在定语从句中充当某种成分。,关系代词的作用,1.代替先行词；2.连接主句与从句；3.在定语从句中担任一定的成分；，,重点要求：1.掌握定语从句的各种句型,并能通过语境正确使用关系词.2.在书面表达中,能用定语从句的常用句型表达思想.3.掌握关系代词that与which的异同.,定语从句中的关系词列表:一、关系代词(who,whom,whose,that,which)1.who指人,作主语、宾语Themanwhohasjustleftismyuncle.TheyaretheboyswhoIgotoschoolwith.2.whom指人，作宾语Themanwhomwearegoingtovisitisafamouswriter.,3.whose指人，作定语；指物，作定语Doyouknowtheboywhosefatherworksinthefactory?Doyounoticethehousewhosedoorfacessouth?4.that指人，作主语、宾语；指物，作主语、宾语Heisthemanthatlivesnextdoor.ThedoctorthatIvisitedthreedaysagoisLiMingsfather.Heisdrivingacarthatcantravelat150milesanhour.TheletterthatIreceivedyesterdayisveryimportant.5.which指物，作主语、宾语Thebookshelfwhichstoodinthecornerhasbeentakenaway.ThisisthebuildingwhichItoldyouabout.,Isawthegirlinred._wasmakingmoldplane.2)Isawthegirlinredand_wasmakingmoldplane.3)Isawthegirlinred_wasmakingmoldplane.,She,she,who,关系副词是用来引导定语从句的，它和关系代词一样，具有数种作用。1.在从句中代替先行词。2.在句中作状语。3.连接作用.,关系副词有三种：where:在从句中作地点状语,指代地点.(on/in/atwhich)when:在从句中作时间状语,指代时间。(on/in/at/duringwhich)why:在从句中作原因状语,指代原因。(forwhich),1.when作时间状语IllneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheParty.2.where作地点状语Thestationwhereheworksisnotfarfromhere.3.why在先行词reason后引导一个表原因的从句Idontknowthereasonwhyhewasabsent.,介词与关系代词一、非限制性定语从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用“数词/代词+of+关系代词”的结构，此结构关系代词只能用which和whom如：e.g.Thereare50studentsinourclass,two-thirdsofwhomhavebeentoBeijing.,2)Transistors，thesizeofwhichissmall,aremuchusedtoday.体积很小的晶体管在今天得到了广泛的应用.3)Thereare30studentsinourclass,ofwhom10aregirls.Thereare30studentsinourclass,10ofwhomaregirls.我们班有30个人,其中10个是女生.,二、介词+关系代词(which,whom)作状语1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请体会：e.g.Isthatthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritearticles?2.根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，如：e.g.CanyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomsaboutwhichImsure.3.根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，请体会：e.g.1949wastheyearinwhichtheP.R.C.wasfounded.,1)Thisisthehero_weareproud.Thisisthehero_weareproudof.,固定动介词组不可分割,介词不能提前.例如:lookafter,lookat,动词带介词时，介词可与引导词一起放从句前面，介词也可直接跟动词一起放后面。,ofwhom,whom,介词短语搭配构成的定语从句练习。1)Thereisnodictionary_youcanfindthisword.A.initB.inwhichC.inthatD.where2)Theycametoaplace_theyhadneverpaidavisitbefore.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.towhich,B,D,Fillintheblankswithproperprepositions:1.Thesungivesusheatandlight,_whichwecantlive.2.Thestudent_whomweweretalkingjustnowisthebeststudentinourclass.3.Illneverforgettheday_whichshesaidgood-byetome.4.Whocangivemethereason_whichhehasntturnedupyet?,without,about,on,for,总结定语从句（AttributiveClauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。关系代词有：who,whom,whose,that,which,as等。关系副词有：when,where,why等。,判断关系代词与关系副词方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。,1.which/where1)Thefactory_Ivisitedisaradiofactory.A.inwhichB.towhichC.whichD.where2)Thefactory_Iworkisaradiofactory.A.withwhichB.towhichC.whichD.where2.which/when1)Illrememberthosedays_wespenttogether.A.whenB.inwhichC.inthatD.which2)Westillrememberthedays_wespentourchildhoodtogetherinthecountry.A.whenB.whichC.thatD.inthat,C,D,which,when,Thereareoccasions_onemustyield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。Ihavecometoapoint_Icantputupwithhim.Thisisanactivity_actionsspeaklouderthanwords.,when/onwhich,where,where,Canyoutellmethereason_thecarbrokedown.Thereason_thecarbrokedowncausedtheaccident.Idontknowtheway_youlearnEnglish.Ihadapicturebyafamouspainter_wasstolenlastnight.Theprofessorenteredthehall_hadjustgaveanotherlecture.,why,that,that/inwhich,which,who,Jimwastheperson_wethinkwillwin.Iwillneverforgetthemoment_Ifirstmetyouand_mademealwayshappy.Thereisnoone_hasafewfault.Youcantakeasmany_youneed.,who,when,which,but,as,说明：关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。,猜猜看,下面的