新概念语法之定语从句ppt课件

新概念语法之定语从句,-byKelly,1,定语从句,修饰一个名词或代词的句子称为定语从句。先行词？,2,定语从句中，指人的先行词我们用who或者whom做连接词，who用来做从句的主语，whom用来做从句的宾语,whom跟介词短语。Thisisanursewhowearsawhiteskirt.TheboywhoisplayingfootballisPeter.Heisaworkerwhoworksveryhard.*上面三个句子中，连接词who都做下文的主语。,3,做宾语时，更多的是用whom。ThisisthepersonwhomIjustsaw.*ThisisthepersonIjustsawwhom.b)SheisateacherwhomIlikebest.*SheisateacherIlikewhombest.Tomisthedriverwhomwetalkedabout.*Tomisthedriverwetalkedaboutwhom.上面3句中，whom都做从句的宾语。注意：在非正式语中：who可以代替whom,但whom不能代替who.,4,Heisthedriver_Iwanttolookfor.Thisisthefriend_Ioftenvisit.Ihaveafriend_hasmuchmoney.Itsathief_wascaughtbyus.Kateisastudent_studieswell.Thisisalawyer_theylikeverymuch.Maryintroducesmeawaiter_wearsapairofglasses.Sheisanaunt_wemissverymuch.Theyarecooks_wehateespecially.,whom,whom,who,who,who,whom,whom,whom,who,5,that&which,Which指物that指人时，=who，whomthat指物时=whichTheholidaywhich/thathasspentmy7days.Thegirlwho/thatisdancingverywell.,6,that&which,1.Thepen_heiswritingismine.2.Theperson_iswearingareddress.3.Thebuilding_builtin1990ismyhouse.4.Thebook_isintheboxisLucys.5.Thecup_isonthetableisverybeautiful.6.Ididntknow_dictionaryismoreuseful.7.Theman_behindthetreeisPeter.8.Icantseethepicture_isonthewall.,which,that/who,which,Which/that,Which/that,which,Who/that,which,7,Myhouse,whichIboughtlastyear,hasgotalovelygarden.Thisisthehousewhichweboughtlastmonth.Thehouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,isverynice.关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开,8,that&which?,ThisisthemostexpensivewatchthatIhaveowned.先行词是形容词最高级时，要用that,不用which.ThisisthefirsttimethatIhavebeenhere.先行词是被序数词修饰时，要用that,不用which.Theyweretalkingaboutpersonsandthingsthattheyrememberedinschool.先行词既表示人也表示物时，要用that,不用which.在therebe句型中，只用that，不用which,9,Inwhich&where?,在定语从句中inwhich与where的意义完全相同。如果使用inwhich则不用在后面再使用介词，相反用where在后面可以使用介词。E.g.Thisisthehousewherehelivein.Thisisthehouseinwhichhelive.,10,Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.,先行词和关系词的关系,11,Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.,关系代词的实质,themachine,amachine,