综合教程3-Unit3 out of step

Unit4,Watchthemovieclipandanswerthefollowingquestions.,1.Whereistheengineofthe911?,Pre-readingActivities-Audiovisualsupplement1,AudiovisualSupplement,CulturalInformation,Inthebackofthecar.,Theproductandtheirmanufacturingprocessareoneunit.Automation,technologyandskilledhumanlaborcombinetobuildthePorsche911.Andthefactoryrunslikeaprecisionmachine.,2.Whatsthesecretofsuccessofthatfactory?,Pre-readingActivities-Audiovisualsupplement2,AudiovisualSupplement,CulturalInformation,Narrator:,AGermanfactorybuildsoneoftheworldsmostfamouscars.The911istheiconofthesportscarindustry.Itstheshape,itstheengineintheback,itsthefeelitgivesyou,itstheemotion.Thefactoryrunslikeaprecisionmachine,buildinghundredsofenginesaday.Theproductandourmanufacturingprocessareoneunit,andthatsoursecretofsuccess.Automation,technologyandskilledhumanlaborcombinetobuild16versionsofthePorsche911,includingthe911GT3.,VideoScript1,AudiovisualSupplement,CulturalInformation,CarculturehasbeenamajornichelifestyleinAmerica.Inthe1950s,thepost-warboomproducedagenerationofteenagerswithenoughincometobuytheirowncars.Thesecarsbecamesomuchmorethanjustmodesoftransportation.Theywerereflectionsofalifestyle.Theabilitytotuneandsoup-upmusclecarsgaveaverageJoestheopportunitytoshowofftheirpower,theirspeedandtheirstyleinawaythatpersonifiedthecarascharacter.,1.2.,Culturalinformation1,AudiovisualSupplement,CulturalInformation,Wedreamofcarsaswedreamoflovers.Americanshavealwayscherishedpersonalfreedomandmobility,ruggedindividualismandmasculineforce.,3.,Culturalinformation2,AudiovisualSupplement,CulturalInformation,4.,5.,6.,LikeGrannyinJanandDeans1964song“TheLittleOldLadyfromPasadena,”wecantkeepourfootofftheaccelerator.,Wearecrazyaboutourcarsandalwayshavebeen.“TheAmerican,”WilliamFaulknerlamentedin1948,“reallylovesnothingbuthisautomobile.”,GlobalReading-Mainidea1,TextAnalysis,StructuralAnalysis,“OutofStep”isanexpositionthatpresentstheabsurdityoftheAmericansdependenceoncars.TheAmericans,beingsoaccustomedtousingcars,havealmostforgottentheexistenceoftheirlegs.Wherevertheygo,theygointheircars.Asaresult,pedestrianfacilitiesareneglectedincityplanningorrejectedbytheinhabitants.,Structuralanalysis1,TextAnalysis,StructuralAnalysis,Thewriterintroduceshisideawithananecdote.,Inthispart,theauthorpresentsthefactthattheAmericansarehabituatedtousingcarsforeverything.,Inthispart,theauthorshowsthatpedestrianfacilitiesareneglectedordiscarded.,AfterlivinginEnglandfor20years,mywifeandIdecidedtomovebacktotheUnitedStates.Wewantedtoliveinatownsmallenoughthatwecouldwalktothebusinessdistrict,andsettledonHanover,N.H.,atypicalNewEnglandtownpleasant,sedateandcompact.IthasabroadcentralgreensurroundedbythevenerablebuildingsofDartmouthCollege,anold-fashionedMainStreetandleafyresidentialneighborhoods.Itis,inshort,anagreeable,easyplacetogoaboutonesbusinessonfoot,andyetasfarasIcantell,virtuallynoonedoes.,BillBryson,OutofStep,Detailedreading1,DetailedReading,1,2,Detailedreading2,Nearlyeveryday,Iwalktothepostofficeorlibraryorbookstore,andsometimes,ifIamfeelingparticularlydebonair,IstopatRoseyJekesCafforacappuccino.Occasionally,intheevenings,mywifeandIstrolluptotheNuggetTheatreforamovieortoMurphysontheGreenforabeer,Iwouldntdreamofgoingtoanyoftheseplacesbycar.Peoplehavegottenusedtomyeccentricbehavior,butintheearlydaysacquaintanceswouldoftenpulluptothecurbandaskifIwantedaride.“Imgoingyourway,”theywouldinsistwhenIpolitelydeclined.“Really,itsnobother.”,DetailedReading,3,4,Detailedreading3,“Honestly,Ienjoywalking.”“Well,ifyouresure,”theywouldsayanddepartreluctantly,evenguiltily,asifleavingthesceneofanaccidentwithoutgivingtheirname.IntheUnitedStateswehavebecomesohabituatedtousingthecarforeverythingthatitdoesntoccurtoustounfurlourlegsandseewhatthoselowerlimbscando.Wehavereachedanagewherecollegestudentsexpecttodrivebetweenclasses,whereparentswilldrivethreeblockstopickuptheirchildrenfromafriendshouse,wherethelettercarriertakeshisvanupanddowneverydrivewayonastreet.,DetailedReading,5,6,7,Detailedreading4,Wewillgothroughthemostextraordinarycontortionstosaveourselvesfromwalking.Sometimesitsalmostludicrous.TheotherdayIwaswaitingtobringhomeoneofmychildrenfromapianolessonwhenacarstoppedoutsideapostoffice,andamanaboutmyagepoppedoutanddashedinside.Hewasinthepostofficeforaboutthreeorfourminutes,andthencameout,gotinthecaranddroveexactly16feet(Ihadnothingbettertodo,soIpaceditoff)tothegeneralstorenextdoor.,DetailedReading,8,Detailedreading5,DetailedReading,Andthethingis,thismanlookedreallyfit.Imsurehejogsextravagantdistancesandplayssquashanddoesallkindsofhealthfulthings,butIamjustassurethathedrivestoeachoftheseundertakings.Anacquaintanceofourswascomplainingtheotherdayaboutthedifficultyoffindingaplacetoparkoutsidethelocalgymnasium.Shegoesthereseveraltimesaweektowalkonatreadmill.Thegymnasiumis,atmost,asix-minutewalkfromherfrontdoor.,9,10,Detailedreading6,DetailedReading,Iaskedherwhyshedidntwalktothegymanddosixminuteslessonthetreadmill.ShelookedatmeasifIweretragicallysimple-mindedandsaid,“ButIhaveaprogramforthetreadmill.Itrecordsmydistanceandspeedandcalorieburnrate,andIcanadjustitfordegreeofdifficulty.”Iconfessithadnotoccurredtomehowthoughtlesslydeficientnatureisinthisregard.,11,12,13,Detailedreading7,DetailedReading,Accordingtoaconcernedandfaintlyhorrified1997editorialintheBostonGlobe,theUnitedStatesspentlessthanonepercentofitstransportationbudgetonfacilitiesforpedestrians.Actually,Imsurpriseditwasthatmuch.Gotoalmostanysuburbdevelopedinthelast30years,andyouwillnotfindasidewalkanywhere.Oftenyouwontfindasinglepedestriancrossing.IhadthisbroughthometomeonesummerwhenweweredrivingacrossMaineandstoppedforcoffeeinoneofthoseendlesszonesofshoppingmalls,motels,gasstationsandfast-foodplaces.Inoticedtherewasabookstoreacrossthestreet,soIdecidedtoskipcoffeeandheadover.,14,15,Detailedreading8,DetailedReading,Althoughthebookshopwasnomorethan70or80feetaway,Idiscoveredthattherewasnowaytocrossonfootwithoutdodgingoversixlanesofswiftlymovingtraffic.Intheend,Ihadtogetinourcaranddriveacross.Atthetime,itseemedridiculousandexasperating,butafterwardIrealizedthatIwaspossiblytheonlypersonevertohaveentertainedthenotionofnegotiatingthatintersectiononfoot.,16,17,Detailedreading9,DetailedReading,Thefactis,wenotonlydontwalkanywhereanymoreinthiscountry,wewontwalkanywhere,andwoetoanyonewhotriestomakeus,asthecityofLaconia,N.H.,discovered.Intheearly1970s,Laconiaspentmillionsonacomprehensiveurbanrenewalproject,whichincludedbuildingapedestrianmalltomakeshoppingmorepleasant.Estheticallyitwasatriumphurbanplannerscamefromallovertocooandtakephotosbutcommerciallyitwasadisaster.Forcedtowalkonewholeblockfromaparkinggarage,shoppersabandoneddowntownLaconiaforsuburbanmalls.,18,Detailedreading10,DetailedReading,In1994Laconiadugupitsprettypavingblocks,tookawaythetubsofgeraniumsanddecorativetrees,andbroughtbackthecars.Nowpeoplecanparkrightinfrontofthestoresagain,anddowntownLaconiathrivesanew.Andifthatisntsad.Idontknowwhatis.,19,20,Whatkindoftownisit?,Detailedreading1-Quesion1,Itisasmall,pleasantandagreeabletown.Theinhabitantsarefriendlyandwillingtohelp.Butalthoughthetowniscompact,fewpeoplegoaboutonfoot.,DetailedReading,Detailedreading1-Quesion2,Whatisconsideredtheauthors“eccentricbehavior”?,Insteadofridingacar,theauthorwalksaroundthecity,doinghisshopping,goingtothemoviesorvisitingthecaforbar.Topeoplewhoareusedtogoingeverywhereinacar,heisaneccentric.,DetailedReading,Detailedreading1-Quesion3,Whywoulddrivers“departreluctantly,evenguiltily”whentheirofferwasdeclined?,Withcarsbecomingthebasicessentialsoftheirlife,peoplearesohabituatedtousingthecarforeverything.Thesceneofsomebodywalkingaroundseemedsounusualtothemthattheywouldnaturallyshowtheirconcerntohim.Whentheiroffertogivehimaridewasdeclined,theyweresorryfornotbeingabletohelphimout.,DetailedReading,Detailedreading1-Quesion4,Whydidtheauthorsay“Actually,Imsurpriseditwasthatmuch”?,Whentheauthorfoundthatthenewlyplannedsuburbstotallyoverlookedpedestrianneeds,heassumedtherewasnobudgetforpedestrianfacilitiesatall.Sohesayshewassurprisedtolearnthatthereactuallywaslessthanonepercentofbudgetonit.Heretheauthorwriteswithatouchofirony.,DetailedReading,Detailedreading1-Quesion5,WhydidLaconiachangeitsdowntownpedestrianmalltoonewithparkinglots?,Althoughthepedestrianmallwaswelldecorated,shopperswereunwillingtowalktothestoresfromaparkinggarage.Asaresult,itwasacommercialfailure.Thegovernmenthadtocompromisewiththepublicpreference.,DetailedReading,Detailedreading1Activity1,ClassActivityGroupdiscussion:Whatdoesthetitlemean?Withtheuseofthistitle,thewriterseemstosuggest,DetailedReading,peoplenolongerwalkinAmerica;thefewpeoplewhodowalkseemtobeold-fashionedand“eccentric”.,sedatea.calm,seriousandformal,Detailedreading1sedate,e.g.,Sheisasedateoldlady;sheiscaringbutnevertalksmuch.Thefightagainstanuclearpowerstationsitehastransformedanormallysedatetownintoabattlefield.,Derivation:,sedately(ad.),sedation(n.),sedative(a.,n.),v.makecalmorsleepy,esp.withadrug,e.g.,Thepatientwasheavilysedatedandrestingquietlyinbed.,DetailedReading,Detailedreading1eccentric,eccentrica.(ofpeopleorbehavior)unconventionalandslightlystrange,e.g.,Theoldgentleman,wholivedaloneallhislife,wassaidtohavesomeeccentrichabits.,n.apersonofunconventionalandslightlystrangeviewsorbehavior,e.g.,Theoldgentlemanenjoyedacolorfulreputationasanengagingeccentric.,DetailedReading,curbn.(BritishEnglish:kerb)alineofraisedstonesseparatingthefootpathfromtheroadv./n.(place)acontrolorlimitonsth.undesirable,Detailedreading1curb,e.g.,Poornutritioncancurbachildsdevelopmentbothphysicallyandmentally.Therewillbecurbsondrunk-drivingfromnextmonth.,DetailedReading,Detailedreading1-habituate,habituatev.accustombyfrequentrepetitionorprolongedexposure,e.g.,Youmusthabituateyourselftoreadingaloud.Bytheendoftheschoolterm,thestudentshadbeenhabituated/accustomed/usedtorisingatfiveoclock.,DetailedReading,Detailedreading1contortion1,contortionn.atwistedpositionormovementthatlookssurprisingorstrange,e.g.,Thespectatorscannotbutadmirethecontortionsofthegymnasts.,Derivation:,contort(v.)causesth.totwistoutofitsnaturalshapeandlooksstrangeorunttractive,DetailedReading,Thehumanunderstandingislikeafalsemirror,which,receivingraysirregularlydistortsanddiscolorsthenatureofthingsbyminglingitsownnaturewithit.(FrancisBacon).,Detailedreading1contortion2,e.g.,Comparison:,distort,twist,deform,contort,warpTheseverbsmeantochangeandspoiltheformorcharacterofsth.Todistortistoalterinshape,asbytorsionorwrenching;thetermalsoappliestoverbalorpictorialmisrepresentationandtoalterationorperversionofthemeaningofsth.,distort:,DetailedReading,Greaterosiondeformedthelandscape.Theearlierpartofhisdiscoursewasdeformedbypedanticdivisionsandsubdivisions.,Detailedreading1contortion3,amouthtwistedwithpainHeaccusedmeoftwistinghiswordstomeanwhatIwantedthemto.,e.g.,Comparison:,twist:Twistappliestodistortionofformormeaning.,e.g.,deform:Ifyoudeformsth.,orifitdeforms,itsusualshapechangessothatitsusefulnessorappearanceisspoiled.,DetailedReading,Thefloorboardshadwarpedovertheyears.,e.g.,Detailedreading1contortion4,afacecontortedwithrageacontortedlineofreasoning,e.g.,Comparison:,contort:Ifyoucontortsth.,orifitcontorts,ittwistsoutofitsnormalshapeandlooksstrangeorunattractive.,warp:Warpcanrefertoaturningortwistingfromaflatorstraightform.,DetailedReading,Italsocanimplyinfluencingsb.inawaythathasaharmfuleffectonhowtheythinkorbehave.,Prejudicewarpsthejudgment.,e.g.,Detailedreading1bringsth.hometosb.1,bringsth.hometosb.makesb.realizesth.,e.g.,TheprofessordrovehometothemthattheymustfinishthewritingassignmentbyFriday.,Comparison:,drivesth.hometosb.,hit/strikehomedrivesth.hometosb.:makesb.realizesth.,esp.bysayingitoften,loudly,angrily,etc.,e.g.,Thenewsreporthasbroughthometousalltheplightoftheprisonersofwar.,DetailedReading,Detailedreading1bringsth.hometosb.2,e.g.,Youcouldseefromhisexpressionthathersarcasticcommentshadhit/strickenhome.,Comparison:,hit/strikehome:(ofremarks,etc.)havetheintended(oftenpainful)effect,DetailedReading,Detailedreading1-entertain,entertainv.consideranidea,etc.orallowyourselftothinkthatsth.mighthappenorbetrue,e.g.,Herefusedtoentertainourproposal.entertainideas,doubts,etc.,DetailedReading,Detailedreading1negotiate1,negotiatev.getoverorpast(anobstacle,etc.)successfully;managetotravelalongadifficultroute,e.g.,Theonlywaytonegotiatethepathisonfoot.FrankMarianonegotiatesthedessertterraininhisbatteredpickup.,DetailedReading,Detailedreading1negotiate2,那攀登者得攀越一陡峭岩石。那马轻易跳过了栅栏。,Practice:,Theclimberhadtonegotiateasteeprockface.,Thehorsenegotiatedthefencewithease.,DetailedReading,Detailedreading1coo,coov.speakinasoft,gentle,andlovingway,esp.whenexpressingsurprise,e.g.,“Howwonderfultoseeyouagain,darling,”shecooed.Thelittlegirlisalwayscooingoverthoseparrotsofhers.,DetailedReading,Detailedreading1anew,anewadv.(fml.)againoronemoretime,esp.inadifferentway,e.g.,Thescientistsstartedtheexperimentanew.Thefilmtellsanewthestoryofherrisetostardom.,DetailedReading,Detailedreading1IntheUnitedStates,IntheUnitedStateswehavebecomesohabituatedtousingthecarforeverythingthatitdoesntoccurtoustounfurlourlegsandseewhatthoselowerlimbscando.,Paraphrase:,PeopleintheUnitedStatestendtodriveforbasicallyeverypurpose,somuchsothattheyhaveforgottenthattheystillhavelegsandaboutwhattheirlegscando.,DetailedReading,Detailedreading1Iconfessit,Iconfessithadnotoccurredtomehowthoughtlesslydeficientnatureisinthisregard.,Paraphrase:,IadmitthatIhaveneverrealizedIhadbeensostupid.,DetailedReading,Detailedreading1Iwaspossibly,Iwaspossiblytheonlypersonevertohaveentertainedthenotionofnegotiatingthatintersectiononfoot.,Paraphrase:,Iwaslikelytobetheonlypersonwhohadeverattemptedtocrossthatintersectiononfoot.,DetailedReading,ConsolidationActivities-Vocabularymain,WordDerivation,PhrasePractice,Synonym/Antonym,Vocabulary,Translation,IntegratedSkills,OralActivities,Writing,Grammar,ConsolidationActivities-Phrasepractice1,1)agreev.agreeablea.agreementn.,Vocabulary,Translation,IntegratedSkills,OralActivities,Writing,Grammar,Iagreewithhisanalysisofthesituation.,我同意他对情况的分析。,Ifoundhimmostagreeable.,我觉得他极易相处。,Anagreementwiththeemployerswasfinallyworkedout.,与雇主们的协议终于达成了。,e.g.,ConsolidationActivities-Phrasepractice2,Vocabulary,Translation,IntegratedSkills,OralActivities,Writing,Grammar,2)eccentrica./n.eccentricityn.,Theclubseemedtobefullofeccentrics.,这个俱乐部里好像都是怪人。,Oneofhiseccentricitiesissleepingunderthebedinsteadofonit.,他的怪僻之一是睡觉睡在床底下而不睡在床上。,e.g.,ConsolidationActivities-Phrasepractice3,Vocabulary,Translation,IntegratedSkills,OralActivities,Writing,Grammar,3)acquaintv.acquaintancen.acquainteda.,Thelawyeracquaintedhimselfwiththedetailsofhisclientsbusinessaffairs.,那位律师了解委托人生意上的详情。,Hehasawidecircleofacquaintances.,他交友甚广。,AreyouacquaintedwiththeworksofShakespeare?,你对莎士比亚的作品熟悉吗?,e.g.,ConsolidationActivities-Phrasepractice4,Vocabulary,Translation,IntegratedSkills,OralActivities,Writing,Grammar,4)ridiculev./n.ridiculousa.,Theoppositionridiculedthegovernmentsproposals,sayingtheyofferednothingnew.,反对派揶揄政府的建议，把它的说成是老调重弹。,Youlookridiculousinthosetightjeans.,你穿上那紧身牛仔裤样子真可笑。,e.g.,ConsolidationActivities-Phrasepractice5,Vocabulary,Translation,IntegratedSkills,OralActivities,Writing,Grammar,5)triumphn.triumphanta.triumphala.,Thewinningteamreturnedhomeintriumph.,获胜的队奏凯而归。,atriumphantcheer,胜利的欢呼声,atriumphalarch,凯旋门,e.g.,ConsolidationActivities-Phrasepractice6,Vocabulary,Translation,IntegratedSkills,OralActivities,Writing,Grammar,6)deficienta.deficiencyn.,Ourknowledgeofthematterisdeficient.,我们对此事了解不足。,Deficiencyinvitamins/Vitamindeficiencycanleadtoillness.,身体缺乏维生素就会生病。,e.g.,ConsolidationActivities-Phrasepractice7,Vocabulary,Translation,IntegratedSkills,OralActivities,Writing,Grammar,7)woen.woefula.woefullyad.,Shetoldhimallherwoes.,她把自己的不幸遭遇都告诉他。,woefulignorance,可悲的无知,Thepreparationswerewoefullyinadequate.,准备工作未免太不够了。,e.g.,ConsolidationActivities-Phrasepractice8,Vocabulary,Translation,IntegratedSkills,OralActivities,Writing,Grammar,8)contortv.contortionn.,Herfacecontorted/wascontortedwithpain.,她的脸因疼痛而走了样。,thecontortionsofayogaexpert,瑜伽高手的柔软动作,e.g.,4)Ifyouadistance,youmeasureitbywalkingfromoneendofittotheother.,3)Whenheopenedthelidofthebox,aclown.,ConsolidationActivities-Wordderivation1.1,Vocabulary,Translation,IntegratedSkills,OralActivities,Writing,Grammar,1)Shewantedtorefusehisproposal,butwasnotsurewhatwasthebestwayofit.,goingabout,_,2)Thecountrywasaperiodofirreversiblechange.,goingthrough,_,poppedout,_,paceoff,_,Fillintheblankineachsentencewithanappropriatephrasalverborcollocationfromthetext.,ConsolidationActivities-Wordderivation1.3,Vocabulary,Translation,IntegratedSkills,OralActivities,Writing,Grammar,goabout:Whenyouare“goingabout”yournormalactivities,youaredoingthem.,e.g.,尽管战争一触即发，人们仍像平时一样工作。,Despitethethreatofwar,peoplegoabouttheirworkasusual.,ConsolidationActivities-Wordderivation1.4,Vocabulary,Translation,IntegratedSkills,OralActivities,Writing,Grammar,gothrough:Ifyou“gothrough”anexperienceoraperiodoftime,especiallyanunpleasantordifficultone,youexperienceit.,e.g.,鉴于他经历过的种种遭遇，他的乐天达观令人惊叹。,Hesamazinglycheerfulconsideringallthathesgonethrough.,ConsolidationActivities-Wordderivation1.5,Vocabulary,Translation,IntegratedSkills,OralActivities,Writing,Grammar,popout:comeoutsuddenly,e.g.,我们一打开兔箱，兔子就突然跑出来了。,Therabbitspoppedoutassoonasweopenedthehutch.,他一看到自己赢得的东西，顿时两眼瞪得大大的。,Hiseyesnearlypoppedoutofhisheadwhenhesawwhathehadwon.,ConsolidationActivities-Wordderivation1.6,Vocabulary,Translation,IntegratedSkills,OralActivities,Writing,Grammar,paceoff:measuresth.bytakingregularstepsacrossit,e.g.,我步测出那座木桥长约100英尺。,Ipacedoffthewoodenbridgeandfounditwasabout100feetlong.,old,time-worn,antique,ConsolidationActivities-Synonym/Antonym1,1.Wewantedtoliveinatownsmallenoughthatwecouldwalktothebusinessdistrict,andsettledonHanover,N.H.,atypicalNewEnglandtownpleasant,sedateandcompact.,Antonyms:,bustling,exciting,2.IthasabroadcentralgreensurroundedbythevenerablebuildingsofDartmouthCollege,anold-fashionedMainStreetandl