任务二新闻采访

水土流失,土地荒漠化,泥石流,15善待家园,语文版八年级下册,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,1.熟读课文，整体把握文章内容；了解报告文学的特点。（重点）2.学习文章用事实和数据说话的写作方法。（难点）3.了解我国地质灾害的严重后果；感悟作者珍爱大自然的情怀，增强环保意识，爱护我们的家园。（重点）,吴岗，记者，报告文学作家。1957年生于北京。代表作有善待家园中国生态灾害忧思录罗布泊，消逝的仙湖等。,本文节选自2001中国年度最佳报告文学（漓江出版社2002年版）。有删改。当前，我国在地质环境方面面临的问题十分突出：异常复杂的地质构造本来就容易发生崩塌，引起滑坡等地质灾害，不少违背自然规律的经济生产活动又破坏了地质环,境，加大了灾害发生的概率。我国已成为世界上地质灾害最为严重的国家之一。地质灾害给我国许多地区的经济建设和人民财产安全造成严重威胁，是制约我国经济和社会发展的重要因素之一。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,侵蚀（）迁徙（）遗骸（）吞噬（）蛰伏（）石堰（）蠕动（）锨（）镐（）钎（）干涸（）繁衍（）公顷（）淤泥（）椰林（）,sh,x,hi,sh,zh,yn,r,xin,o,qin,h,yn,qn,y,y,呵护：侵蚀：枯燥：今非昔比：荡然无存：遗骸：,爱护，保护。,逐渐侵害使变坏。,单调，没有趣味。,现在不是往日所能相比的。形容变化巨大。,词语解释,形容原有的东西尽数失去。,遗体；尸骨。,相安无事：紧俏：遮掩：吞噬：知恩图报：蛰伏：,彼此相处没有冲突。,销路好，供不应求。,遮蔽；遮盖。,吞食。,知道了恩情就谋求报答。,动物冬眠，潜伏起来不食不动。文中是比喻的说法。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,猎猎：蠕动：严阵以待：突如其来：,象声词，形容旗帜被风吹动的声音。,像蚯蚓爬行那样动。,摆好严整的阵势等待迎击来犯的敌人。,突然发生。突如，突然。,无动于衷：陡峭：洋溢：衰竭：,心里一点不受感动；一点也不动心。,（山势等）坡度很大，直上直下。,（情绪、气氛等）充分流露。,由于疾病严重而生理机能极度减弱，文中指草场因极度破坏而沙漠化。,本文除导语、结语外，主体共有3个小节，归纳如下：导语：作者以大量的事实和数据，展示了我国地质灾害的严重后果，点出“人祸”是主要原因。,结构分析,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,第一部分（标题1）：“珊瑚礁不仅仅是美丽的”，主要披露了海南省文昌市80%珊瑚礁海岸带遭到严重破坏的情况。第二部分（标题2）：“大山是知恩图报的”，以北京延庆县两个山村的不同遭遇为例，说明注重自然生态环境保护的重要性。,第三部分（标题3）：“裸露的土地就像裸体的我们自己”，揭示了垦草种粮、过度放牧造成内蒙古草原大面积沙漠化，生态日益严重的现象。结语：作者再次呼吁“善待家园，就是善待自己”，“防治地质灾害是每位公民义不容辞的责任”。首尾呼应。,阅读这篇报告文学，思考：为什么说“人祸已成为我国地质灾害最主要的原因”？试用课文中的具体事例加以阐述。,（1）披露了海南省文昌市80%的珊瑚礁遭受严重破坏的情况。其原因一是挖珊瑚礁当作旅游纪念品卖钱，另一个更主要的原因是以珊瑚礁为原料烧石灰，个人的腰包鼓起来了，而“海岸线的天然屏障就这样被破坏了”，要想恢复“以珊瑚礁及椰林为特色的热带风光”“至少要等上1000年”。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,（2）以北京延庆县两个山村的不同遭遇为例，说明了注重自然生态环境保护的重要性。地质条件相当恶劣的东三岔村，由于村民对大山进行了综合治理，抵抗住了特大暴雨的袭击，如今像一个景色宜人的森林公园；而相距仅八公里的松树沟村却在同一场特大暴雨的袭击下诱发了泥石流，成了碎石的世界，村民们失去了自己的家园。,东山岔村人保住了家园,松树沟村却惨遭磨难汹涌的山洪将农田全部淹没,（3）揭示了垦草种粮、过度放牧是造成内蒙古草原大面积沙漠化，生态危机日益严重的重要原因。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,课文中引用了大量的数据资料。体会并说说运用这些数据资料的好处。,文中使用的大量数字，充分说明了我国地质灾害的广泛性、严重性，增强了文章的说服力，使人们受到强烈震撼，从而激发人们的环境保护意识。,请结合你所学的地理知识思考：哪些“人祸”可引发地质灾害？,人祸已经成为我国地质灾害的主要原因，肆意砍伐树木、随意开垦、过度放牧等使天然植被被破坏会导致泥石流、水土流失、土地沙化、沙尘暴增多，过度不合理、不科学地采矿会导致煤岩和瓦斯突发；过量开采地下水会使地面沉降，威胁城市安全；修路切坡，建筑切坡，会导致崩塌、滑坡、泥石流。,人类活动引发地质灾害呈逐年上升趋势，人类不合理地开发利用各种资源，往往造成地质灾害，毁坏自己的家园。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,你的身边是否有环境遭到严重破坏的事例？说给大家听。,过度开采矿藏、地下水等，以及废气、废水、废渣、噪音等对人类及环境的严重危害,作者认为怎样才能有效地防治地质灾害？,作者希望每个公民都认识到地质灾害的严重性，树立保护环境的责任感，善待我们的家园；希望不要以急功近利的行为破坏生态平衡；希望有关领导和群众都应采取积极主动的措施，进行环境综合治理，以减少地质灾害带来的损失。,1.这篇科普文章在选材上有什么特点？,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,2.课文采用小标题的形式有何作用？,作者采用小标题的形式来划分文章主体部分的结构层次，第一个小标题“珊瑚礁不仅仅是美丽的”，讲述珊瑚礁遭受破坏，引起海岸遭受严重破坏的事例；第二个小标题“大山是知恩图报的”，将东三岔村与松树沟村进行对比，突出治理大山的重要性；,第三个小标题“裸露的土地就像裸体的我们自己”，讲述垦草种粮、过度放牧引起草原沙漠化的事例。标题简洁、醒目，生动形象，使文章层次清晰，突出了导语所说的：“人祸已成为我国地质灾害最主要的原因”这一主旨。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,善待家园,主体,导语：中国地质灾害严重,提出问题,珊瑚礁遭破坏环保的重要性草原沙漠化,分析原因,结语：善待自己，善待家园,发出呼吁,善待家园善待自己,本文作者以令人触目惊心的大量事实，无可辩驳的确凿数字，展示了我国地质灾害所造成的严重后果，揭示了“人祸已成为我国地质灾害最主要的原因”，呼吁每个公民善待自己，善待家园，把防治地质灾害作为自己义不容辞的责任。,1.用事实说话。,作者在文中很少用到专业术语，也几乎没有讲什么大道理，而是以一件件具体的、典型的、无可辩驳的事例，说明了我国地质灾害的严重性，真是振聋发聩；特别是揭示了国民极其淡薄的环保意识和急功近利的行为对生态环境造成的严重破坏，给人以强烈的震撼。,2.多种说明方法综合运用。,本文主要使用了举例子、列数字和作比较的说明方法。第6段是讲海水入侵对我国沿海城市造成的危害，采用了列数字的说明方法，说明了海水入侵的危害之大、造成的经济损失之大，从而引起人们对海水入侵等自然灾害的警惕和重视。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,倒数第5段也采用列数字的说明方法，说明内蒙古大规模的土地沙化与两次大规模的开荒热有很大关系，用事实说明破坏植被就是在破坏我们生存的家园。主体第二部分中，以两个自然环境相似的村子，在相同的一场暴雨中的不同结果作比较，来说明保护自然生态环境的重要性。,土地沙漠化的危害沙漠化造成可利用土地资源减少。中国国家林业局提供的资料显示，20世纪末，沙化每年以3436平方公里的速度扩展，每5年就有一个相当于北京市行政区划大小的国土面积因沙化而失去利用价值，全国受沙漠化影响的人口达1.7亿。沙