外研版B7M1【Grammar】完整(精)ppt课件

.,1,外研版高二年级(选修7)Module1,.,2,Grammar,.,3,构词法三种方式:派生法、转化法、合成法。,.,4,派生法(affixation)指在词上附加前缀或后缀，构成新词。形容词后缀(1)带有“属性,倾向,相关”的含义1)-able,-ible,movable,comfortable,applicable,visible,responsible2)-al,natural,additional,educational3)-an,-ane,urban,suburban,republican4)-ant,-ent,distant,important,excellent5)-ar,similar,popular,regular,.,5,1.表示否定的前缀：un-unfair,unhappynon-nonsmoker,non-violentin-inactive,inhuman,indirectdis-disagree,disappearim-impolite,impossibleil-illegalir-irregular,I.前缀(prefix)：,.,6,2.表示错误或失当的前缀:mis-misjudge,misdirect(误导)3.表示向背的前缀:pro-pro-Chinese,pro-Americananti-antiwar,anti-Japanesewar,.,7,4.表示程度、大小的前缀super-superstar,supermarket,superman,superpowerover-overhead,overeat,overusemini-minibus,miniskirt,minicarunder-underground,underdevelopsemi-semicircle,semiskilled,semisteel,.,8,5.表示时间的前缀pre-prewarpost-postwarfore-foretell,forecast,foresee,weatherforcast,6.表示方位的前缀：sub-subway,submarineinter-international,intercity,interclasstrans-translate,transatlantic,.,9,II.后缀：不改变词根的基本意义，而是改变了词性。1.动词变名词：-ationsatisfaction,education,realization-mentdevelopment,movement,disappointment-alarrival,refusal-eetrainee,employee-erteacher,worker-orvisitor,sailor,.,10,2.形容词变名词：-nesshappiness,meanness,carelessness-ityability,possibility-ismMarxism,criticism3.名词、形容词变动词：-ifybeautify,simplify-izerealize-enquicken,widen,sharpen,.,11,4.名词变形容词：-ywindy,rainy,sandy-ishfoolish,feverish-somehandsome,troublesome-ousdangerous,humorous-fulhelpful,careful,peaceful,.,12,1.TheChicagoBullsarenotas_astheywerewhenMichaelJordanplayedforthem.2.WhenYaoMinghurthishead,itwasvery_.,powerful,painful,用所给词的正确形式完成下列句子。,beautycarehopepainpowerwonder,.,13,3.Hehadtobevery_whenheplayedaftertheaccident.4.Thefansareall_thattheteamwilldowellthisyear.5.Itsterriblewhenwelose,butits_whenwewin.,careful,hopeful,wonderful,.,14,根据句意用所给单词的正确形式填空。1.Thereissome_(possible)thatourteamwillwinthebasketballmatch.2.Wemusttakemeasurestopreventfactoriesfromsendingout_(poison)gasesintotheair.3.Tomy_(disappoint),hefailedtopassthecollegeentranceexamthisyear.,possibility,poisonous,disappointment,.,15,4.Itismuchmore_(comfort)totravelbyairthanbyship.5.Itwasbecauseofhis_(care)thatthecaraccidenthappened.6.Shehaddonesomethingwrongandtoldusshewas_(true)sorryaboutit.,comfortable,carelessness,truly,.,16,7.Onhis_(arrive)attheairport,hereceivedawarmwelcomefromtheteachersandstudents.8.Manyofhisanswersare_(correct),sotheteacheraskedhimtodotheexercisesagain.9.Shewasgoingtotakepartintheparty,butan_(expected)guestdroppedinonher.,arrival,incorrect,unexpected,.,17,10.Themeetingsupposedtobe_(success)turnedouttobeafailureintheend.,successful,.,18,将下列单词加前缀或后缀派生出一个新词。argue2.spoon3.advantage4.polite5.pleasant6.attract7.sleep,argument,spoonful,disadvantage,impolite/politely,unpleasant/pleasantly,attractive/attraction,asleep/sleepy/sleepless,.,19,8.courage9.discuss10.visit,encourage/encouragement,discussion,visitor,.,20,英语中,有的名词可作动词，有的形容词可作副词或动词，这种把一种词性用作另一种词性而词形不变的方法叫作转化法。1)动词转化为名词很多动词可以转化为名词，大多意思没有多大的变化(如下)；有时意思有一定变化(如下)；有的与一个动词和不定冠词构成短语，表示一个动作(如下)。例如：,Conversion转化词,.,21,Letsgooutforawalk.我们到外面去散散步吧。Heisamanofstrongbuild.他是一个体格健壮的汉子。Letshaveaswim.咱们游泳吧。,.,22,2)名词转化为动词很多表示物件(如下)、身体部位(如下)、某类人(如下)的名词可以用作动词来表示动作，某些抽象名词(如下)也可作动词。例如：Didyoubookaseatontheplane?你订好飞机座位了吗?Pleasehandmethebook.请把那本书递给我。,.,23,Shenursedherhusbandbacktohealth.她看护丈夫，使他恢复了健康。Welunchedtogether.我们在一起吃了午餐。,.,24,3)形容词转化为动词有少数形容词可以转化为动词。例如：Wewilltryourbesttobetterourlivingconditions.我们要尽力改善我们的生活状况。4)副词转化为动词有少数副词可以转化为动词。例如：Murderwillout.(谚语)恶事终必将败露。,.,25,5)形容词转化为名词表示颜色的形容词常可转化为名词(如下)；某些形容词如old,young,poor,rich,wounded,injured等与the连用，表示一类人，作主语时，谓语用复数(如下)。例如：,.,26,Youshouldbedressedinblackatthefuneral.你在葬礼中该穿黑色衣服。Theoldinourvillagearelivingahappylife.我们村的老年人过着幸福的生活。,.,27,1)Chamberlainaveragedover50pointsagameforandentireseason.AveragedisaverbdescribingwhatChamberlaindid.2)Duringthistime,hisaveragewasmorethan30pointsagame.Averageisanountellinguswhatwearetalkingabout.,I.Readthesentencesandanswerthequestions.,.,28,3)Jordanwasthesecondplayertoscoremorethan3,000pointsinaseason.Scoreispartof“toscore”theinfinitiveoftheverbtellinguswhatJordandid.,.,29,4)Thefinalscorewas169-147.Scoreisanountellinguswhatwearetalkingabout.,.,30,Whatsthedifferenceinthewayaverageandscoreareusedinthesesentences?b)Doesthemeaningofthewordschangewhentheyareuseddifferently?No,itdoesnt.,.,31,II.Rewritethesentencesandtellthedifferencesbetweenthem.,1.TheChicagoBullswontheirfirstchampionshipin1991.Therewasafirstchampionship_fortheChicagoBullin1991.,win,.,32,2.Jordansurprisedeveryonewhenheretired.Itwas_foreveryonewhenJordanretired.3.Theychangedtherulesofthegametotrytostophim.Therewas_intherulestotrytostophim.,asurprise,achange,.,33,1.Alotofyoungboys_aboutplayingintheNBA.2.The_ofthegamewasincredible-169-147.,dream,result,III.Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformofthewordsinthebox.,dreamquestionresultstarwork,.,34,3.MichaelJordanwasthebiggest_oftheChicagoBullsformanyyears.4.Myuncle_asatrainerfortheShanghaiSharks.5.Theteacheroftenasksus_aboutbasketball.,star,worked,questions,.,35,IV.Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformofthewordsinthebox.,1.He_hisarmplayingbasketball.2.YaoMinginjuredhis_duringagame.3.Jordanstotalofpointsisaworld_.,broke,head,record,.,36,4.Chamberlain_forfourdifferentNBAteams.5.Afterthegame,thefans_fortheexit.6.We_thecommentaryofthegameonacassette.,played,headed,recorded,.,37,7.Hasthereeverbeenafilmora_aboutbasketball?8.Therewasaten-million_inthegamebecauseaplayerwasinjured.,play,break,.,38,合成词合成词是由两个或两个以上的词合成的一个新词。一.合成名词,如:workforce,haircut,postman,X-ray,mailbox,landowner,farmland,handstand,handshake,coastline,gunfire,short-wave,gentleman,newcomer,tightrope,best-seller,mainland,freeway,second-hand,.,39,midday,front-runner,pickpocket扒手,breakwater防波堤,runway,sit-downer静坐罢工者,breakthrough突破,runaround借口,runaway逃亡,sell-out售完,handout传单,breakdown衰落,二.合成形容词,如:worldwide,nationwide,duty-free,snow-white,world-famous,lifelong,English-speaking,noise-killing,hand-made,peace-loving,horse-drawn,fun-loving,ready-made现成的,.,40,good-looking,easy-going,low-lying地势低洼的,well-known,hard-working,well-informed消息灵通的,widespread,ill-formed,first-rate,second-hand,worthwhile,everyday,middle-aged,warm-blooded,good-tempered,bare-footed,.,41,三.合成代词,如:himself,herself,themselves,something,someone,anything,nobody四.合成动词,如:overthrow,output,input,uphold,uplift,downgrade,sleep-walk,typewrite,brainwash,handpick精选,daydream,whitewash,deep-freeze五.合成副词,如:meanwhile,midway,everywhere,somewhere,anyway,otherwise,sometime,beforehand,onshore,inside,offhand,headfirst头朝下地,daylong,.,42,构词法的综合练习,单项填空1.Thatmanwas_enoughnottotellthemanagerthathewouldnotdothejob.A.careB.carefulC.carelessD.carelessness,B,.,43,2.Thesoldierdiedforsavingthechild,sohis_isheavierthanMountTai.A.dieB.deadC.diedD.death3.Westoodthere_atthe_sight.A.frightened;frightfulB.frightening;frightfulC.fright;frighteningD.frightful;fright,D,A,.,44,4.Heisanexpertatchemistry.Weallcallhima_.A.chemistryB.chemicalC.chemistD.physician5.Thethree-_chairisntsuitableforayoungchild.Hemayfalloff.A.leggingB.leggedC.legsD.leged,C,B,.,45,6.Stephensonbecamethe_railwayengineerintheworld.A.leadB.leaderC.leadingD.leadership7.Whentheteacherpraisedhimforworkingoutthemathsproblem,Jacklooked_aboutathisclassmates.A.proudB.proudlyC.prideD.pridely,C,B,.,46,8.Toeveryones_,thegirlfinishedthejobquitewell.A.satisfiedB.satisfactoryC.satisfyingD.satisfaction9.Nooneshouldente