新视界大学英语4UnitVIP

,WatchavideoclipaboutwhatForrestGumpsmothertellhimwhenshewasdying.,Warmingup,Warmingup,Readthequotationsaboutmoneyandanswerthequestions.,Warmingup,Warmingup,1Whichofthemareeasytounderstand?2Whichofthemaresimilarinmeaning?3Whichofthemdoyouagreewith?4Whichofthemarewarnings?5Whichonerecommendsspending?6Whichonerecommendssaving?,Warmingup,Workingroupsofthreeorfouranddiscussthequestions.,1Whatdoyouspendyourmoneyon?2Areyoucarefulabouthowyouspendit?3Whatdoyouthinkisthebestwaytoinvestmoney?4Ifyouwonalotofmoney,whatwouldyoudowithit?,Warmingup,Check()theadviceyouexpectanintelligentolderpersontogivetoayoungman.,1Behonestwithyourself.2Devoteyourselftolovingothers.3Enjoyyourselfwhileyoucan.4Moneycantbuyyoulove.5Lookafterthepenniesandthepoundswilllookafterthemselves.,NowreadthepassagebyMitchAlbomandfindoutwhatMorriesaystohim.,Skimming,Browsethepassagewithin8minutestogetaroughideaaboutit.AnswerthequestionsofActivity2and3onpage71.,Task,Skimming,Check()thetruestatementsaboutMorrie.,1Morrieisveryill.2Heisanemotionalperson.3Hehaslostinterestinthepleasuresoflife.4Heusedtobeveryinterestedinmaterialthings.5Hehasbeenthinkingaboutmoneyalot.6Hecantaffordtobuyanythingnewforhishouse.7Hedoesvolunteerworkinalocalseniorcentre.8Hethinkspeoplehavethewrongvalues.9Hebelievesinthepoweroflove.,Thetruestatementsare1,2,8and9.,Skimming,Answerthequestions.,WhathashappenedtoMorriesinterestinmusicsincehebecameill?InwhatwaydoesMorriethinkAmericanpeoplehavebeenbrainwashed?3InwhatwaydoesMorriethinkmaterialthingsandloveareconnected?,Morriesinterestinmusichasgotevenmoreintense.,Americanpeoplearemadetobelievethatmaterialthingsarethemostimportantandthemore,thebetter.,Theyarenotconnected,youcannotsubstitutematerialthingsforlove.,Skimming,WhathappenedthedayMorriediscoveredhewasterminallyill?HowhasMorrieshousechangedsincethatday?6HowdoesMorriedistinguishbetween“wants”and“needs”?,Helostinterestinbuyingthings.,Ithasnotchangedphysicallyashestoppedbuyingthings,butithasbecomeawealthyhome,filledwithlove,friendship,family,honesty,tears,colleagues,studentsandsoon.,“Wants”areluxurieswhereas“needs”arenecessary.,Skimming,WhatadvicedoesMorriegivethenarrator?8WhydoesthenarratortakenotesoftheconversationhehaswithMorrie?,Toofferotherswhatyouhavetogive.,MostlybecausehedoesntwantMorrietoseehiseyesandunderstandwhatheisthinking.,TuesdayswithMorrie,译文,Digging,1Morriewasfocused.Thereweregooddaysandbaddaysnow.Hewashavingagoodday.Thenightbefore,hehadbeenentertainedbyalocalacappellagroupthathadcometothehousetoperform,andherelayedthestoryexcitedly,asiftheInkSpotsthemselveshaddroppedbyforavisit.Morriesloveformusicwasstrongevenbeforehegotsick,butnowitwassointense,itmovedhimtotears.Hewouldlistentooperasometimesatnight,closinghiseyes,ridingalongwiththemagnificentvoicesastheydippedandsoared.,Backgroundinformation,Digging,2“Youshouldhaveheardthisgrouplastnight,Mitch.Suchasound!”3Morriehadalwaysbeentakenwithsimplepleasures,singing,laughing,dancing.Now,morethanever,materialthingsheldlittleornosignificance.Whenpeopledie,youalwaysheartheexpression“Youcanttakeitwithyou.”Morrieseemedtoknowthatalongtimeago.,译文,Digging,4“Wevegotaformofbrainwashinggoingoninourcountry,”Morriesighed.“Doyouknowhowtheybrainwashpeople?Theyrepeatsomethingoverandover.Andthatswhatwedointhiscountry.Owningthingsisgood.Moremoneyisgood.Morepropertyisgood.Morecommercialismisgood.Moreisgood.Moreisgood.Werepeatitandhaveitrepeatedtousoverandoveruntilnobodybotherstoeventhinkotherwise.Theaveragepersonissofoggedupbyallthis,hehasnoperspectiveonwhatsreallyimportantanymore.,译文,Digging,5“WhereverIwentinmylife,Imetpeoplewantingtogobbleupsomethingnew.Gobbleupanewcar.Gobbleupanewpieceofproperty.Gobbleupthelatesttoy.Andthentheywantedtotellyouaboutit.GuesswhatIgot?GuesswhatIgot?,译文,Digging,6“YouknowhowIalwaysinterpretedthat?Thesewerepeoplesohungryforlovethattheywereacceptingsubstitutes.Theywereembracingmaterialthingsandexpectingasortofhugback.Butitneverworks.Youcantsubstitutematerialthingsforloveorforgentlenessorfortendernessorforasenseofcomradeship.,译文,Digging,7“Moneyisnotasubstitutefortenderness,andpowerisnotasubstitutefortenderness.Icantellyou,asImsittingheredying,whenyoumostneedit,neithermoneynorpowerwillgiveyouthefeelingyourelookingfor,nomatterhowmuchofthemyouhave.”,译文,Digging,8IglancedaroundMorriesstudy.ItwasthesametodayasithadbeenthefirstdayIarrived.Thebooksheldtheirsameplacesontheshelves.Thepapersclutteredthesameolddesk.Theoutsideroomshadnotbeenimprovedorupgraded.Infact,Morriereallyhadntboughtanythingnewexceptmedicalequipmentinalong,longtime,maybeyears.Thedayhelearnedthathewasterminallyillwasthedayhelostinterestinhispurchasingpower.,译文,Digging,9SotheTVwasthesameoldmodel,thecarthatCharlottedrovewasthesameoldmodel,thedishesandthesilverwareandthetowelsallthesame.Andyetthehousehadchangedsodrastically.Ithadfilledwithloveandteachingandcommunication.Ithadfilledwithfriendshipandfamilyandhonestyandtears.Ithadfilledwithcolleaguesandstudentsandmeditationteachersandtherapistsandnursesandacappellagroups.Ithadbecome,inaveryrealway,awealthyhome,eventhoughMorriesbankaccountwasrapidlydepleting.,译文,Digging,10“Theresabigconfusioninthiscountryoverwhatwewantversuswhatweneed,”Morriesaid.“Youneedfood,youwantachocolatesundae.Youhavetobehonestwithyourself.Youdontneedthelatestsportscar,youdontneedthebiggesthouse.11Thetruthis,youdontgetsatisfactionfromthosethings.Youknowwhatreallygivesyousatisfaction?”What?12“Offeringotherswhatyouhavetogive.”13YousoundlikeaBoyScout.,译文,Digging,14“Idontmeanmoney,Mitch.Imeanyourtime.Yourconcern.Itsnotsohard.Theresaseniorcenterthatopenednearhere.Dozensofelderlypeoplecomethereeveryday.Ifyoureayoungmanoryoungwomanandyouhaveaskill,youareaskedtocomeandteachit.Sayyouknowcomputers.Youcomethereandteachthemcomputers.Youareverywelcomethere.Andtheyareverygrateful.Thisishowyoustarttogetrespect,byofferingsomethingthatyouhave.,Digging,15“Thereareplentyofplacestodothis.Youdontneedtohaveabigtalent.Therearelonelypeopleinhospitalsandshelterswhoonlywantsomecompanionship.Youplaycardswithalonelyoldermanandyoufindnewrespectforyourself,becauseyouareneeded.“RememberwhatIsaidaboutfindingameaningfullife?Iwroteitdown,butnowIcanreciteit:Devoteyourselftolovingothers,devoteyourselftoyourcommunityaroundyou,anddevoteyourselftocreatingsomethingthatgivesyoupurposeandmeaning.,Digging,16“Younotice,”headded,grinning,“theresnothinginthereaboutasalary.”17IjottedsomeofthethingsMorriewassayingonayellowpad.IdidthismostlybecauseIdidntwanthimtoseemyeyes,toknowwhatIwasthinking,thatIhadbeen,formuchofmylifesincegraduation,pursuingtheseverythingshehadbeenrailingagainstbiggertoys,nicerhouse.BecauseIworkedamongrichandfamousathletes,Iconvincedmyselfthatmyneedswererealistic,mygreedinconsequentialcomparedtotheirs.,Digging,18Thiswasasmokescreen.Morriemadethatobvious.“Mitch,ifyouretryingtoshowoffforpeopleatthetop,forgetit.Theywilllookdownonyouanyhow.Andifyouretryingtoshowoffforpeopleatthebottom,forgetit.Theywillonlyenvyyou.Statuswillgetyounowhere.Onlyanopenheartwillallowyoutofloatequallybetweeneveryone.”19Hepaused,thenlookedatme.“Imdying,right?”Yes.,1.Morriehadalwaysbeentakenwithsimplepleasures(Line1,Para3),Morriehadallhislifeenjoyedsimplepleasures,Difficultsentences,Difficultsentences,2.andhaveitrepeatedtousoverandoveruntilnobodybotherstoeventhinkotherwise.(Line8,Para4),Wehavebecomeindoctrinatedtothinkmoreisgood.Itissaidsooftenthatitbecomespartofourwayofthinkingandwenolongerwonderwhetheritistrueornot.,Difficultsentences,3.Theaveragepersonissofoggedupbyallthis,hehasnoperspectiveonwhatsreallyimportantanymore.(Line10,Para4),Thesentenceimpliesthatfalseideas,suchascommercialismandmaterialism,preventpeoplefromunderstandingthetruth.fogup:Theexpressionisusedmetaphoricallyinthesentence.Literally,itmeanswatercondensationonawindowmakingithardtoseethrough,oroneyeglasseswhenpeoplemovefromcoldtowarmerair.,Difficultsentences,4.Theywereembracingmaterialthingsandexpectingasortofhugback.(Line3,Para6),Thewriterisplayingwithtwodifferentsensesof“embrace”,toacceptsomethingsuchasanewbelief,ideaorwayoflife,andtoputonesarmsaroundsomeonetoshowloveorfriendship.Thesentencemeansthatpeopleweremakingpossessionsthemainpointoftheirlives,andexpectedtoberewardedforthisbybeinghappier.,Difficultsentences,5.Thebooksheldtheirsameplacesontheshelves.(Line3,Para8),heldtheirsameplaces:remainedinthesameplaces,Difficultsentences,6.thedishesandthesilverwareandthetowelsallthesame.(Line3,Para9),silverware(AmE):knivesandforksorcutlery(BrE).7“Thetruthis,youdontgetsatisfactionfromthose,Difficultsentences,Morrieswordsaregiveninspeechmarks.“What?”isthewritersresponse.Asitisthoughtandnotspoken,nospeechmarksareused.,7.“Thetruthis,youdontgetsatisfactionfromthosethings.Youknowwhatreallygivesyousatisfaction?”What?(Para11),Difficultsentences,Morriepointsout,incasethereisanydoubt,thatheistalkingabouthelpingpeopleasanactofkindness,notsomethingyouarepaidtodo.,8.“theresnothinginthereaboutasalary.”(Line1,Para16),Difficultsentences,Here“toys”,asbefore,equalconsumer/electronicgoodswedonotreallyneed.Ayoungmanmightdesireamotorbike,anoldermanacar,andasuccessfulmanaboat.Oncewehaveonething,wewantsomethingelse,biggerorbetter.,9.pursuingtheseverythingshehadbeenrailingagainstbiggertoys,nicerhouse.(Line5,Para17),Difficultsentences,Theparagraphsaysthatperpendicularstatussystems,whichmeanpeopleareaboveorbelowus,donotbringhappiness.Doinggoodandbeingkindismoreofahorizontalsystemandmakespeopleequal.,10.Statuswillgetyounowhere.Onlyanopenheartwillallowyoutofloatequallybetweeneveryone.(Line6,Para18),relay,释义,vt.tocommunicateinformation,news,oramessagetosomeone传递，传达（信息、新闻等）,例句,Terryrelayedtheoffertohisboss.,特里将开出的价格传达给了老板。,翻译,Words,例句,Willyourelayamessagetohimwhenyouseehim?,你见到他时，给他带个口信好吗？,翻译,释义,v.tomoveormovesomethingdownwards下降，降下,Words,例句,Thesundippedbelowthehorizon.,太阳落到了地平线下。,翻译,例句,Blakejumpedinandtheboatdippedslightlyunderhisweight.,布莱克跳上船，他的重量使小船微微向下沉。,翻译,dip,释义,vi.tobreatheoutslowlymakingalongsoftsound,especiallybecauseyouaredisappointed,tired,annoyed,orrelaxed叹气，叹息,Words,例句,Russsigheddeeplyandlookedattheceiling.,拉斯深深地叹了口气，眼睛望着天花板。,翻译,例句,Dadsighedandstoodup.,爸爸叹了口气站了起来。,翻译,sigh,释义,v.(infml)(up)toeatsomethingquicklyandoftennoisily狼吞虎咽，大口地吃,Words,例句,Wegobbledupallofthecakeinoneevening.,我们一个晚上就把所有蛋糕吃得精光。,翻译,例句,WewatchedMaxgobbleupawholepizzabyhimself.,我们亲眼看见Max狼吞虎咽地一个人吃下了一整个匹萨饼。,翻译,gobble,释义,vt.toillaspaceorroomwithtoomanythings,sothatitlooksveryuntidy乱堆，塞满,例句,Theirapartmentwasclutteredwithphotographsandbooks.,他们的公寓里堆满了照片和书。,翻译,Words,例句,翻译,Emptysoft-drinkcansclutterthedesks.,空饮料罐胡乱地堆在桌上。,clutter,释义,vt.toreducetheamountofsomethingorthenumberofthings减少，削减,例子,翻译,Words,例句,Thedroughthasdepletedthesupplyofwater.,翻译,干旱使给供水大为减少。,Salmonpopulationshavebeenseverelydepletedrecently.,最近三文鱼的数量严重减少。,deplete,释义1,n.sing,Uasituationinwhichyoumistakeonepersonorthingforanother混淆，错认,例句,Dansaystherehasbeenalotofconfusionbetweenhisnameandhisbrothers.,丹说人们经常把他和他弟弟的名字弄混。,翻译,Words,例句,翻译,Couldtherehavebeenaconfusionofidentities?,会不会是认错人了？,confusion,释义2,n.Uafeelingthatyoudonotunderstandsomethingorcannotdecidewhattodo迷惑，困惑,例句,Wealwayslefthisofficeinastateofconfusion.,我们总是一头雾水地离开他的办公室。,翻译,Words,例句,Omissionsinmyrecentarticlemusthavecausedconfusion.,我最近一篇文章中的几处省略肯定造成了困惑。,翻译,confusion,Someconfusionhasretainedaboutwhocanjointheassociation.(Jun.1992,CET4,VocabularyandStructure),真题,释义,v.tosayapoemorstorythatyouhavelearnttoanaudience背诵,例句,Asayoungchild,sheoftenrecitelinefromtheancientode.,小时候她经常背诵古赋里的辞句。,翻译,Words,例句,Hecouldrecitethenamesofallthechemicalelements.,他能够背下所有化学元素的名字。,翻译,recite,释义,vi.(against)toexpressstrongangeraboutsomething谴责，抱怨,例句,Icursedhimandrailedagainstthedifficultlife.,我诅咒他并且抱怨这种艰难的生活。,翻译,Words,rail,例句,Duringhissermon,thepriestrailedagainstgreed.,那位牧师在布道的时候谴责了贪欲。,翻译,释义,n.Uastrongwishtohavemoremoney,things,orpowerthanyouneed贪婪，贪心,例句,Greedistheparentofmanyevils.,贪婪是万恶之源。,翻译,Words,例句,Hisgreedknowsnolimit.,翻译,他的贪心永无止境。,greed,释义,tomakeashortvisitsomewhere顺便访问,Phrases,例句,翻译,Hedroppedbymyofficethismorning.,今天早晨他到我办公室串门来了。,例句,翻译,Ivegottodropbytheshoptodosomeshopping.,我得顺便到商店买点东西。,dropby,释义,例句,翻译,她非常喜欢这座城堡。,Shewasverymuchtakenwiththecastle.,Phrases,例句,翻译,Iwastakenwithherprogram.,我非常喜欢她的节目。,betakenwith,释义,例句,翻译,谁先开始争吵对法庭的最终判决不重要。,Whostartedthequarrelfirstholdslittlesignificancetothefinialjudgmentincourt.,Phrases,例句,翻译,weneedtodoawaywiththeseage-oldcustomsthatholdnosignificancenow.,我们需要废除那些不重要的旧传统。,holdlittle/nosignificance,释义,例句,翻译,做这道菜时你可以用西兰花代替卷心菜。,Youcansubstitutebroccoliforcabbageintherecipe.,Phrases,例句,翻译,Theyweresubstitutingviolencefordialogue.,他们在用暴力取代对话。,substitutesthforsth,Somehardplasticscanbesubstitutedformetalsinmanufacturingmachineparts.(Jun.1990,CET4,VocabularyandStructure),真题,释义,例句,翻译,Phrases,例句,翻译,fillwith,街道上很快就挤满了愤怒的抗议者。,Quicklythestreetsbegantofillwithangryprotesters.,Hisblackbagwasfilledwithmedicines.,他的黑包里装满了药。,释义,例句,翻译,Phrases,例句,翻译,devoteoneselftosth,她欣然辞去了兼职工作，全身心地投入到她的艺术中去。,Shegladlygaveupherpart-timejobtodevoteherselfentirelytoherart.,Fewpeopleareabletodevotethemselvesfullytotheircareer.,很少有人能够完全献身于自己的事业。,释义,例句,翻译,Phrases,例句,翻译,showoff,炫耀自己引以为傲的东西是人的本性。,Itshumannaturetoshowoffthingsyouareproudof.,Shelovedcars,andwaskeentoshowoffanynewpurchase.,她喜欢各式汽车，而且喜欢显示自己新买的车。,1莫里很专注。眼下总是有如意的日子和不如意的日子。莫里今天很开心。前一天晚上，他欣赏了当地无伴奏合唱团在他家中进行的演出。他激动地向我讲述这件事，就像是大名鼎鼎的“墨迹斑斑”乐队来过他家似的。在生病之前，莫里就非常喜欢音乐，而现在这种喜爱之情更加强烈，甚至会让他感动得落泪。晚上他有时会听歌剧，闭上眼睛，让思绪随着美妙的歌声起起伏伏。,Translation,原文,相约星期二,2“米奇，你昨晚真应该来听他们的演唱。真是天籁般的声音！”3唱歌、欢笑、跳舞，莫里一直都喜欢这些简单的乐趣。对他来说，物质的东西意义不大或根本没有任何意义。以前如此，现在更是如此。你总能听到人们在弥留之际说“你带不走钱财。”莫里好像很久以前就明白了这一点。,Translation,原文,4“在我们国家有一种洗脑的方法，”莫里叹了口气说。“你知道他们是怎么给人们洗脑的吗？通过一遍遍地重复。我们国家正是这样做的。拥有物质是好的，拥有更多钱财是好的，拥有更多财产是好的，越来越商业化是好的，越多越好，越多越好。我们不断重复这一点并且不断听别人对我们重复这一点一遍又一遍，直到没有人再萌生其他想法。普通人就这样被迷雾所笼罩，对于什么是真正重要的已经没有了自己的看法。,Translation,原文,5“生活中我随处都会碰到想要得到些新东西的人。得到一辆新车，得到新的房产，得到最新款式的玩物；然后他们就想跟你炫耀：“猜猜我得到什么了？猜猜我得到什么了？”,Translation,原文,6“你知道我一般怎么解释这一现象吗？这些人非常渴望得到爱，以至于他们可以接受爱的替代品。在拥抱物质财富的时候，他们期待能得到幸福。但这永远都不可能发生。因为你不能用物质的东西代替爱、代替温情、代替柔情或者代替友情。,Translation,原文,7“钱取代不了柔情，权力也取代不了柔情。我坐在这里，已经奄奄一息，但我可以告诉你，钱或权力都无法带给你你需要的感觉，不管你有多少钱财或多大的权力。”,Translation,原文,8我看了看莫里的书房，与我来的第一天一样。书还是放在书架同样的位置上，文件还是堆在那张旧书桌上。外面的房间也没有什么改观或修缮。其实，相当长一段时间以来也许有几年了除了医疗设备外，莫里真的没买什么新的东西。从得知自己患绝症的那天起，他就对自己的购买力失去了兴趣。,Translation,原文,9所以，电视还是那台老式电视，夏洛特开的汽车还是那部旧式汽车，餐具、刀叉和毛巾也都没变。然而，这所房子也已发生了巨大的变化。它充满了爱、教诲和交流，它充满了友情、亲情、真诚和泪水，它经常高朋满座同事、学生、禅师、治疗专家、护士和无伴奏合唱团。即使莫里银行账户中的钱在迅速减少，这个家已经实实在在地成为了一个富裕的家庭。,Translation,原文,10在这个国家，人们根本分不清我们想要什么和我们需要什么，”莫里说。“你需要食物，但你想要一个巧克力圣代。你必须诚实地面对自己。你并不需要最新式的跑车，你也并不需要最大的房子。11“事实是，你从那些东西中得不到满足。你知道什么能真正让你得到满足吗？”什么？12“是给别人你应该给予的东西。”13你听口气像个童子军队员。,Translation,原文,14“我指的不是钱，米奇。我指的是你的时间，你对其他人、其他事的关注。这并不难，这附近开了一个老年中心，几十位老人每天都会来这里。如果你是一名年轻人，并且有技能，你可以来授课。比如说，你懂计算机，你就可以来教他们计算机。那里的老人会非常欢迎你的，他们也会感激你。你可以通过奉献自己所拥有的东西而得到尊重。,Translation,原文,15“很多地方都可以做这种工作。你不需要具备某种天赋。在医院和庇护所里，有些孤独的人只是希望有人陪陪他们。当你和一个孤独的老人玩桥牌时，你会发现因为被需要而受到了新的尊重。“还记得我说过的关于追求有意义的生活的话吗？我曾把这些话写下来，但现在我都能背下来了：全身心投入地爱他人，全身心投入到你身边的社区，全身心投入地去创造让你觉得有目标、有意义的事物。,Translation,16他笑着补充说：“你会发现这其中根本不涉及什么薪水的问题。”17我在一个泛黄的便笺簿上记下了莫里说的某些话。我这样做主要是因为我不想让他看到我的眼睛，不想让他知道我的心思，不想让他知道，自从毕业后，我大部分的生活就是在追求这些被他一直谴责的东西更大的玩物、更好的房子。工作中和我交往的都是有钱的著名运动员，我说服自己说我的需求是现实的，与他们相比，我的贪婪根本不值一提。,Translation,18但这些都是障眼烟雾，莫里让一切变得明了。“米奇，如果你想对社会顶层的人显摆，还是算了吧，他们反正也看不起你。如果你想对社会底层的人显摆，也算了吧，他们只会嫉妒你。社会地位不会带给你任何好处，只有敞开心扉才能让你享受平等的生活，自由自在。”19他停顿了一下，然后看着我。“我要死了，是吗？”我想是的。,Translation,Backgroundinformation,ThewriterMitchAlbom(1958),awell-knownAmericansportswriter,hadintendedtokeepintouchwithafavouriteprofessorMorrieSchwartz,butneveractuallydiduntilonedayyearslaterhesawhimontelevisionandcontactedhim.Hestartsvisitingtheoldmanof79,nowconfinedtohiswheelchairwithhishealthfadingweekbyweek.MorrieSchwartz,however,isstillagreatteacherandMitchAlbomdiscovershestillhasagreatdealtolearnfromhim.Aftertheprofessordied,AlbomwroteabookTuesdayswithMorrieaboutthevisitsandhisdiscussionswithhim.Thebookwaspublishedin1997andwasagreatsuccess,headingthenon-fictionbest-sellerlistintheUSforalongtime.(Tobecontinued),Backgroundinformation,Thebasicset-up:Awiseoldman,whoisclosetodeathandrichwithhislifesexperience,passesonhiswisdomtohisdisciples(信徒，追随者).Thisisafamiliaronefromfictionandnon-fiction.Theprofessorstalksarebasicallysermons,encouragingpeopletoseekmeaninginlifefromgoodnessandnotmaterialpossessions.Itseemstobetrueofallprosperoussocietiesthatpeopleworryaboutwheretheirwealthisleadingthem,andfearmaterialismwillalienatethemfromspiritualvaluesandmaketheirsocietyuncaring,selfishandmoney-mad.Inthisextractfromthebooktheprofessorgivesclearexpressiontosuchideas.Thestyleisaverysimpleone.,Backgroundinformation,Culturetips,TuesdayswithMorrie(相约星期二)(1997)isanaccountbyjournalistMitchAlbomoftheconversationshehadwithhisformerprofessorofsociologyMorrieSchwartz,whowasdyingofmotorneurondisease.,Culturetips,TheInkSpots(“墨迹斑斑”乐队)wasanAmericanpopgroupinthe1930sand1940s.,Culturetips,BoyScout:anorganizationoriginallyforboys(1117yearsold)only,foundedin1907inBritainbyafamouswarhero.Typicalactivitiesaimatmental,moralandphysicaldevelopment,stressingoutdoorskillsandtrainingincitizenshipandlifesaving.ThewritersreferenceistotheBoyScouttraditionoftryingtodoatleastonegooddeedaday.,Interpreting,UnderstandingnarrativeNarratorsdonotonlytellstoriestheyoftencommentonthemaswell;andcharactersinthestorymaydothesame.InTuesdayswithMorrie,forexample,thenarratorandespeciallythemaincharacter,Morrie,addjudgments,generalizations,andadviceforthereader.Thesecommentsmayprovidethemoralofthestory,orthemainpointswhichthewriterwishestomake,whereasfactualdescriptionandnarrationofeventsprovidebackgroundinformationandmovetheplotforward.,Interpreting,Readthesentencesfromthepassageanddecidewhichare:,(a)sentencesmovingtheplotforwardorprovidingbackgroundinformation(b)sentencescarryingthemoralormainpoint(s)ofthestory,1Thenightbefore,hehadbeenentertainedbyalocalacappellagroupthathadcometothehousetoperform.2Now,morethanever,materialthingsheldlittleornosignificance.3Moneyisnotasubstitutefortenderness,andpowerisnotasubstitutefortenderness.,a,b,b,Interpreting,4IglancedaroundMorriesstudy.ItwasthesametodayasithadbeenthefirstdayIarrived.5Thisishowyoustarttogetrespe